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Lahemaa National Park
Lahemaa National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
	Viru Bog (Estonian: Viru raba)
Location	Estonia
Coordinates	59°34′16″N 25°48′1″E / 59.57111°N 25.80028°E
Area	747 km2 (288 sq mi)
Established	1 July 1971
Website	Lahemaa National Park

Lahemaa National Park is a park in northern Estonia, 70 kilometers east from the capital Tallinn. The Gulf of Finland is to the north of the park and the Tallinn-Narva highway (E20) to the south. Its area covers 747 km² (including 274.9 km² of sea).^[1]^[2] It was the first area to be designated a national park of the former Soviet Union. It is the largest park in Estonia and one of Europe's biggest national parks. Its charter calls for the preservation, research and promotion of North-Estonian landscapes, ecosystems, biodiversity and national heritage.

History

The name Lahemaa originates from the most thoroughly studied and visited part of the North Estonian coast, where four large peninsulas (Juminda, Pärispea, Käsmu and Vergi) are separated from each other by four bays (Kolga, Hara, Eru and Käsmu). Lahemaa translates roughly as "Land of Bays".^[2]

The national park, established in 1971, is one of the main tourist draws in Estonia. Several companies offer day tour packages from Tallinn, while many people drive themselves.

With forests covering more than 70 percent of Lahemaa, the area is rich in flora and fauna. The landscape has many raised bogs, including the 7,000-year-old Laukasoo Reserve. The park, marked by several trails, teems with wildlife, including a population of boar, red deer, wolves, bear and lynx. The coast is covered with rocks and boulders, used each year by cranes as a stopover on their way to the Bosphorus and Egypt.^[3]

There are four manors situated in the national park: Palmse manor, the picturesque Vihula manor, Kolga manor, and the baroque Sagadi Manor,^[4] Estonia's most visited manor which together with the other three comprise one of the most unusual group of manors in the country.

Prior to 1991, the Soviet Union operated a large secret submarine base at Hara.^[5] The base was built in the 1950s during the height of the Cold War.^[5] The ruins of this former Soviet submarine base is now located entirely in Lahemaa near the Lahemaa lighthouse.^[5]

Gallery

The Viru Bog in autumn
The bog at sunrise
Wooden walkway near the bog
The Altja River
Nõmmeveski Falls
The Valgejõgi River
The Loobu River near Porgaste
Juminda lighthouse
Palmse Manor
Fishermen's huts by the sea in the fishing village of Altja
Glacial boulders in Pärispea peninsula
Glacial boulders with Mohni island in the skyline
Hauaneeme Bay in the village of Pärispea

References

^ Lahemaa Rahvuspark in Estonia Protected Planet
^ ^a ^b Estonica, Lahemaa National Park: from coastal drumlins to Kõrvemaa Archived 2007-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, Estonica, Encyclopedia About Estonia
^ The Baltic coast, video by Free High-Quality Documentaries, on youtube.com. For Laheema national park, see 35'30 - 38'10. For the coastal boulders, see 35'38 - 35'48. For the cranes, see 35'48 - 38'10.
^ Sagadi, Sagadi Manor, Retrieved 7 August 2012
^ ^a ^b ^c Ryan (March 15, 2015). "Take a Look Inside These Abandoned Submarines & Bases". History in Orbit website. pp. 31–3. Archived from the original on April 17, 2018. Retrieved July 6, 2018.