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Kagawa Prefecture

香川県
Kagawa Prefecture 香川県
Prefecture
Japanese transcription(s)
• Japanese	香川県
• Rōmaji	Kagawa-ken
	Takamatsu, the capital of Kagawa Prefecture
	Flag Symbol
	Anthem: Kagawa kenminka
Country	Japan
Region	Shikoku
Island	Shikoku
Capital	Takamatsu
Subdivisions	Districts: 5, Municipalities: 17
Government
• Governor	Toyohito Ikeda
Area
• Total	1,876.8 km2 (724.6 sq mi)
• Rank	47th
Population (September 1, 2020)
• Total	949,358
• Rank	40th
• Density	510/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
GDP
• Total	JP¥ 4,009 billion; US$ 36.8 billion (2019)
ISO 3166 code	JP-37
Website	www.pref.kagawa.lg.jp
Symbols of Japan
Bird	Lesser cuckoo (Cuculus poliocephalus)
Flower	Olive (Olea europaea)
Tree	Olive (Olea europaea)

Kagawa Prefecture (香川県, Kagawa-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku.^[4] Kagawa Prefecture has a population of 949,358 (as of 2020)^[2] and is the smallest prefecture by geographic area at 1,877 square kilometres (725 sq mi).^[1] Kagawa Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the southwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the south.

Takamatsu is the capital and largest city of Kagawa Prefecture,^[5] with other major cities including Marugame, Mitoyo, and Kan'onji. Kagawa Prefecture is located on the Seto Inland Sea across from Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu, which is connected by the Great Seto Bridge. Kagawa Prefecture includes Shōdoshima, the second-largest island in the Seto Inland Sea, and the prefecture's southern land border with Tokushima Prefecture is formed by the Sanuki Mountains.

History

Kagawa was formerly known as Sanuki Province.^[6]

For a brief period between August 1876 and December 1888, Kagawa was made a part of Ehime Prefecture.^[7]

Battle of Yashima

Located in Kagawa's capital city, Takamatsu, the mountain of Yashima was the battlefield for one of the best-known struggles between the Heike and Genji clans.

Geography

Kagawa comprises the northeast corner of Shikoku, bordering Ehime Prefecture on the west and Tokushima Prefecture on the south, with a coastline on the Seto Inland Sea facing Okayama Prefecture and the Kansai. The Sanuki Mountains run along the southern border.

Kagawa is currently the smallest prefecture, by area, in Japan. Kagawa is a relatively narrow prefecture located between the mountains of Shikoku and the sea.

As of April 1, 2012, 11% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely Setonaikai National Park and Ōtaki-Ōkawa Prefectural Natural Park.^[8]

Cities

Eight cities are located in Kagawa Prefecture:

Place name		Area (km²)^[1]	Population (2020)^[2]	Map
Rōmaji	Kanji	Area (km²)^[1]	Population (2020)^[2]	Map
Higashikagawa	東かがわ市	152.86	28,305
Kan'onji	観音寺市	117.83	56,639
Marugame	丸亀市	111.83	109,165
Mitoyo	三豊市	222.70	61,839
Sakaide	坂出市	92.49	50,577
Sanuki	さぬき市	158.63	46,723
Takamatsu (capital)	高松市	375.42	417,814
Zentsūji	善通寺市	39.93	31,620

Towns

Kagawa has eight towns organized into five districts. Many were created after 1999 through mergers, as part of a national effort to reduce the number of small towns and villages.^[9]

Place name		Area (km²)^[1]	Population (2020)^[2]	District^[10]	Map
Rōmaji	Kanji	Area (km²)^[1]	Population (2020)^[2]	District^[10]	Map
Ayagawa	綾川町	109.75	22,730	Ayauta
Kotohira	琴平町	8.47	8,466	Nakatado
Mannō	まんのう町	194.45	17,324	Nakatado
Miki	三木町	75.78	26,859	Kita
Naoshima	直島町	14.22^[a]	3,026	Kagawa
Shōdoshima	小豆島町	95.59	13,646	Shōzu
Tadotsu	多度津町	24.39	22,813	Nakatado
Tonoshō	土庄町	74.38	12,915	Shōzu
Utazu	宇多津町	8.10	18,897	Ayauta

Mergers

Economy

Kagawa has a nominal GDP of approximately 3,802 billion yen.^[11] Kagawa's major export industries, in order of export value, include transportation equipment, electrical equipment, chemical products, general machinery, mineral fuels, manufactured goods, raw materials, and foodstuff.^[12]

Foods

Sanuki udon (a type of udon noodle) is the most famous local food of Kagawa Prefecture. In 2008, there were over 700 udon restaurants in this prefecture alone.^[13]

Aside from udon, Kagawa is also famous for "hone-tsuki-dori", seasoned chicken thigh cooked on the bone. Originating from Marugame City, the dish has now become a popular dish in izakaya restaurants across the country.

Olives and olive-related products have also come to be recognized as Kagawa foods. As the first place in Japan to successfully cultivate olives, Kagawa has been producing olive-related products since 1908. As well as winning both domestic and international awards for the quality of its olive oil, Kagawa has also created two offshoot food brands from its olive industry - "olive beef" and "olive yellowtail". Waste organic matter from olive pressing is used as feed for cattle and the Yellowtail Amberjack. Due to the high amount of polyphenols in the olive waste, the flesh of the respective meats does not oxidize or lose color easily.

Other local specialties include wasanbon sugar sweets, sōmen noodles and shōyu soy sauce. Rare sugar researches are thriving and have discovered mass production culture enzymes. D-tagatose 3-epimerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible epimerization reaction of the 3rd carbon of ketose.

Demographics

As of October 2020, Kagawa Prefecture had an estimated population of 950,244. This was 7.1% lower than the population in the 2000 census, being 1,022,890. The area of the prefecture is 1,877 km, and the population density is 506.3/km.^[14]

Education

Universities

Kagawa Prefectural College of Health Sciences
Kagawa University in Takamatsu
Shikoku Gakuin University in Zentsuji
Tokushima Bunri University in Sanuki
Takamatsu University

Sports

The sports teams listed below are based in Kagawa.

Baseball

Kagawa Olive Guyners

Basketball

Kagawa Five Arrows (Takamatsu)

Football (Soccer)

Kamatamare Sanuki (Takamatsu)

Volleyball

Shikoku Eighty 8 Queen

Ice Hockey

Kagawa Ice Fellows (see Japan Ice Hockey Federation)

Tourism

Kotohira
- Kanamaruza Kabuki Theatre
- Konpira Shrine
Manno
- Manno Lake
- Sanuki Manno National Park
Marugame
- Marugame Castle
- Marugame Genichiro-Inokuma Museum of Contemporary Art
Sakaide
- Kagawa Prefectural Higashiyama Kaii Setouchi Art Museum (Kaii Higashiyama`s Art Museum)
- Mount Iino (Kagawa's Mount Fuji)
- Kiyama (a castle ruins)
- Shinto shrine (misasagi) (Emperor Sutoku's Tomb)
- Fuchu Dam
- Great Seto Bridge
Mitoyo
- Chichibugahama Beach
- Takaya Shrine
Higashi Kagawa
- Hiketa Castle - A castle ruin, one of the Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan in 2017.^[15]
Naoshima Island
- Ando Museum
- Benesse House
- Chichu Art Museum
- Lee Ufan Museum
Setonaikai National Park
Shikoku Pilgrimage – Zentsū-ji, Motoyama-ji, Yashima-ji, etc.

Shodoshima
- Kankakei Gorge
- Shodoshima Olive Park
- Nakayama Senmaida
Takamatsu
- Megijima and Ogijima
- Ritsurin Garden
- Takamatsu Castle
- Yashima, the island on which the Battle of Yashima was fought
  Ritsurin Garden
Teshima Island
- Shima Kitchen
- Teshima Art Museum
Kan'onji
- Kotohiki Park
Zentsūji
- Amagiri Castle

Based on its ancient name, Sanuki, Kagawa is famous for its Sanuki udon (wheat noodles). Recent years have seen an interest in Sanuki udon across Japan^{[citation needed]}, and many Japanese now take day-trips to taste the many Sanuki udon restaurants in Kagawa.

Transportation

Railroad

JR Shikoku
Kotoden (Takamatsu Kotohira Electric Railroad)
- Kotohira Line
- Nagao Line
- Shido Line

Bus

Departure from Takamatsu

Road

Expressway

National Highway

National Route 11 (Tokushima-Takamatsu-Marugame-Niihama-Maysuyama)
National Route 30
National Route 32 (Takamatsu-Kotohira-Kochi)
National Route 193
National Route 318
National Route 319
National Route 377
National Route 436
National Route 438

Port

Port of Marugame
Port of Tadotsu
Port of Takamatsu – Ferry route to Uno, Tonoshō (Shōdoshima Island), Kobe, Naoshima
Port of Tonoshō – Ferry route to Okayama, Himeji, Kobe and Osaka.

Airport

Takamatsu Airport

In popular culture

Shōdoshima is the setting of the novel Twenty-Four Eyes by Sakae Tsuboi and its subsequent film adaptations.
In Pom Poko, the tanuki Tamasaburo Onigamori travels to Shikoku to ask the Transformation Masters to come to Tokyo to save Tama Hills from destruction, but he marries and settles there for three years.
The manga Teasing Master Takagi-san is also set on Shōdoshima, in Tonoshō the native place of the creator, Sōichirō Yamamoto
The novel Battle Royale by Koushun Takami was set in the fictional town of Shiroiwa ('Castle Rock') in Kagawa Prefecture. Okishima, the fictional island on which much of the novel takes place is placed in the Seto Inland Sea. The manga also places Shiroiwa in Kagawa, while the film moves Shiroiwa to Kanagawa Prefecture.
The city of Takamatsu is the main setting of the book "Kafka on the Shore" by Haruki Murakami.
Kan'onji is the setting of the early parts of the manga My Bride Is a Mermaid as well as the anime series Yuki Yuna is a Hero.^[16]
Poco's Udon World.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Estimate. Part of boundary between Okayama and Kagawa is undefined.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "全国都道府県市区町村別面積調 (10月1日時点) [Areas of prefectures, cities, towns and villages (October 1)]" (PDF). Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. October 1, 2020. p. 66. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "香川県推計人口及び人口移動（令和2年9月1日現在推計）". 香川県 (Kagawa Prefecture). Kagawa Prefectural Government. September 1, 2020. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
^ "2020年度国民経済計算（2015年基準・2008SNA） : 経済社会総合研究所 - 内閣府". 内閣府ホームページ (in Japanese). Retrieved May 18, 2023.
^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kagawa prefecture" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 446, p. 446, at Google Books
^ Nussbaum, "Takamatsu" at p. 934, p. 934, at Google Books.
^ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" at p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books.
^ Ikatachōshi Editing Committee, ed. (March 31, 1987). Ikatachōshi 伊方町誌 [Ikata Town History] (in Japanese). Town of Ikata, printed by DAI-ICHI HOKI Publishing.
^ "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved August 19, 2012.
^ "「『平成の合併』について」の公表 [Heisei era mergers]" (PDF). Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. March 5, 2010. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
^ "香川県の郵便番号 ("Postal Codes of Kagawa Prefecture)". Japan Post. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
^ "Kagawa Regional Information - Investing In..." Japan External Trade Organization. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
^ 日本貿易振興機構（ J E T R O ）; 香川貿易情報センター (March 2020). "香川県貿易実態調査 2020 年（令和 2 年）3 月" (PDF). 香川県貿易実態調査: 155.
^ "Kagawa 香川". Zipango. 2017. Archived from the original on October 24, 2019. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
^ Kagawa, Prefecture Demographics. "Japan: Kagawa". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
^ "続日本100名城" (in Japanese). 日本城郭協会. November 29, 2017. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
^ "Yuki Yuna is a Hero" Fights for Local Tourism in Kan'onji City". Crunchyroll. Retrieved October 29, 2022.