John Ward Studebaker (June 10, 1887 – July 26, 1989) served as U.S. Commissioner of Education from 1934 to 1948. He was also Chairman of the U.S. Radio Education Committee. His was the longest tenure of any education commissioner, and he devoted much of his time to children's literacy and arithmetic.
Background
John Ward Studebaker was born on June 10, 1887, in Iowa and grew up in McGregor, Iowa. Although he was small in stature and had lost his right eye in an accident at the age of 12, he was a "star all-round high school and college athlete" who was the quarterback of his high school and college football teams, as well as playing baseball and basketball in college.[1][2] He attended Leander Clark College in Toledo, Iowa (now part of Coe College), paying his way through school by working as a bricklayer.
Studebaker was first appointed Commissioner of Education by PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt in 1934. He served for the remainder of Roosevelt's presidency and continued in the position under President Harry Truman, resigning in 1948 with the explanation that he could no longer afford to serve in a position that paid only $10,000 annually.[3]
Studebaker was best known, while Commissioner of Education, for his work on public forums.[1] Believing that public discussion as civic education was the key to renewing democracy, he first ran a series of forums in Des Moines, Iowa, in 1932 – 1934, then instituted the Federal Forum Project, 1936 – 1941 until just before the outbreak of World War II. Studebaker published The American Way (1935) and Plain Talk (1936), both of which were influential with Depression-era educators.[3]
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