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John Hamilton Mortimer
John Hamilton Mortimer
	Self-portrait of John Hamilton Mortimer with a student, circa 1765
Born	17 September 1740; Eastbourne, U.K.
Died	4 February 1779 (aged 38); London
Education	Duke of Richmond's Academy
Occupation	Artist
Spouse	Jane Hurrel

John Hamilton Mortimer ARA (17 September 1740 – 4 February 1779) was a British figure and landscape painter and printmaker, known for romantic paintings set in Italy, works depicting conversations,^[1] and works drawn in the 1770s portraying war scenes, similar to those of Salvator Rosa.^[I]

Mortimer became President of the Society of Artists in 1774, five years before his death at age 39.

Biography

Mortimer was born on 17 September 1740 at Eastbourne.^[4] His father, Thomas Mortimer, was a customs officer, a dealer in flour and owner of several mills. By 1757, while he was still young, Mortimer was studying in London at the Duke of Richmond's Academy. During this time he became a friend of Joseph Wright, a fellow student at the Academy – a friendship which would endure throughout Mortimer's life. Mortimer is also known to have had some professional relationship with the artist Samuel Ireland, who was involved with etching his work.^[5] At the St Martin's Lane Academy his fellow students included Thomas Jones and William Pars. Mortimer also studied under Giovanni Battista Cipriani, Robert Edge Pine, and Sir Joshua Reynolds.^[6]

In 1759, Mortimer won a first prize for a study after Michelangelo's Bacchus and a second prize for a life drawing. He began to exhibit his works on a regular basis in the early 1760s, becoming an active member of the Society of Artists,^[7] which awarded him prizes for paintings of subjects from British history in 1763 and 1764. The second of these prizes was for a picture entitled St Paul Preaching to the Ancient Druids in Britain (now in the Guildhall in High Wycombe).^[8] He became president of the society in 1774.^[7]

Mortimer painted the figures for several paintings by Thomas Jones, working on the Welsh artist's A Land Storm, with the Story of Dido and Aeneas (1769), The Death of Orpheus (c.1770) and a pair of paintings based on Milton's Allegro and Penseroso, commissioned by Benjamin Bates (1774).

In the 1770s Mortimer was associated with more masculine, and criminal, presentation of the male form after a period of more effete images. His painting Sir Arthegal, the Knight of Justice, with Talus, the Iron Man is used as an example of this style.^[9] He was inspired by both the work and the legend of the life of the seventeenth-century Neapolitan painter, Salvator Rosa, who it was claimed, had been brought up by bandits. Mortimer first exhibited a painting of a bandit subject in 1772, and later made an etching after Rosa's self-portrait.^[8]

From 1770 to 1773 he was engaged in the decoration of the saloon at Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire, where he was assisted by Thomas Jones, Francis Wheatley, James Durno, and Burnaby Mayor. At this time, he had lodgings in Covent Garden.^[10]

In 1775 he married Jane Hurrel,^[11] which affected his artistic productivity.

Owing to his membership of the Society of Artists, Mortimer did not exhibit at the Royal Academy until 1778, when he showed five works, including Sir Arthegel and three scenes with Italian bandits.^[12] On 2 November of the same year he was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy.

He died of undocumented causes on 4 February 1779.^[13]

Gallery

Portrait of a Man and a Boy Looking at Prints, c. 1765–1770
A Caricature Group, c. 1766
Erichtho

Notes

I ^ Mortimer was sometimes accused of being a "copier" of others. Horace Walpole, the politician and writer, claimed that Mortimer was nothing more than an "imitator" of Salvator Rosa in his war scene paintings.^[11]

Sources

^ "John Hamilton Mortimer (1740-1779), History painter". Retrieved 7 September 2007.
^ Digital Collection, National Library of Australia
^ Catalogue, National Library of Australia, accessed February 2010
^ John, Sunderland (1988). John Hamilton Mortimer: his Life and Works (The Fifty-Second Volume of the Walpole Society). Leeds: Walpole Society. p. 1.
^ Samuel Ireland at ilab.org accessed 7 September 2007 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ Monkhouse 1894.
^ ^a ^b "National Portrait Gallery". Retrieved 7 September 2007.
^ ^a ^b Lyles, Anne; Hamlyn, Robin (1997). English Watercolours from the Oppé Collection. London: Tate Gallery. p. 114.
^ Myrone, Martin. "Gothic Romance and the Quixotic Hero:A Pageant for Henry Fuseli in 1783". Tate Gallery. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
^ "Bedford Street and Chandos Place Area: Bedford Street Pages 253-263 Survey of London: Volume 36, Covent Garden". British History Online. LCC 1970. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
^ ^a ^b Kahan, Jeffrey (1998). 'Reforging Shakespeare: The Story of a Theatrical Scandal. Lehigh University Press. ISBN 0-934223-55-6.
^ Graves, Algernon (1905). The Royal Academy: A Complete Dictionary of Contributors from its Foundations in 1769 to 1904. Vol. 5. London: Henry Graves. p. 306.
^ "Biography of artist". Archived from the original on 9 February 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2007.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Monkhouse, William Cosmo (1894). "Mortimer, John Hamilton". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 39. London: Smith, Elder & Co.