Dick was raised on a farm in southern Manitoba. His early education was gained in a one-room schoolhouse. Later he moved to Winnipeg to study to become an X-ray technician. There he noticed one of his roommates was attending university and studying biology. Dick realized he was more interested in biology and decided to switch pursuits.[5]
In 1984, he moved to Toronto. In order to support his wife and two children, Dick worked part-time at an X-ray lab while he finished his post-doctorate work in Alan Bernstein’s lab. Bernstein, a noted cancer researcher whose Ph.D. advisor was James Till at the Ontario Cancer Institute, guided Dick to research cancers of the blood.[5]
Over the next five years, Dick developed an in vivo repopulation assay using the NOD/SCID mouse. This technique of using an immune-deficient mouse to generate human hematopoietic cells won Dick international recognition.[5][15][16]
In 1994, Nature[17] published his paper which described how cancer stem cells grow slowly. Dick explained, "Most kinds of chemotherapy are designed to kill fast-growing cancer cells. This is why leukemia can come back after treatment. To get rid of the cancer, you have to find ways of eliminating the stem cells." Many researchers dismissed Dick's discovery as interesting, but something not likely to apply to solid tumours.[5]
In 1997, Dick reported the detection of cancer stem cells at the root of three other forms of leukemia. This time he presented it as the "cancer stem-cell hypothesis". His model stated that there are different cancer cells and amongst them there is a pecking order in which the abnormal stem cell, is both the key to forming and feeding a cancer. Therefore, without an abnormal stem cell, cancers will not grow. This time his report was considered a breakthrough.[5][18]
Dick has transformed the study of human hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, with his development of methodologies for transplanting human bone marrow into immune-deficient mice, with resultant multilineage repopulation of murinebone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues.[2] Using this approach, he has identified long-term repopulating human hematopoietic stem cells and generated mouse models of leukaemia.[2] His studies showing that a specific subset of leukemic cells are actually capable of recapitulating tumour growth are recognised as the foundation for all current work on the cancer stem cell model and its application to cancer therapy.[2]
^ abcdeAnon (2014). "Dr John Dick FRS". royalsociety.org. London: Royal Society. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
^Bonnet, D.; Dick, J. E. (1997). "Human acute myeloid leukemia is organized as a hierarchy that originates from a primitive hematopoietic cell". Nature Medicine. 3 (7): 730–7. doi:10.1038/nm0797-730. PMID9212098. S2CID205381050.
^o’Brien, C. A.; Pollett, A.; Gallinger, S.; Dick, J. E. (2006). "A human colon cancer cell capable of initiating tumour growth in immunodeficient mice". Nature. 445 (7123): 106–10. doi:10.1038/nature05372. PMID17122772. S2CID4419499.
^Larochelle, A.; Vormoor, J.; Hanenberg, H.; Wang, J. C. Y.; Bhatia, M.; Lapidot, T.; Moritz, T.; Murdoch, B.; Xiao, X. L.; Kato, I.; Williams, D. A.; Dick, J. E. (1996). "Identification of primitive human hematopoietic cells capable of repopulating NOD/SCID mouse bone marrow: Implications for gene therapy". Nature Medicine. 2 (12): 1329–37. doi:10.1038/nm1296-1329. PMID8946831. S2CID2975811.
^Clarke, M. F.; Dick, J. E.; Dirks, P. B.; Eaves, C. J.; Jamieson, C. H. M.; Jones, D. L.; Visvader, J.; Weissman, I. L.; Wahl, G. M. (2006). "Cancer Stem Cells--Perspectives on Current Status and Future Directions: AACR Workshop on Cancer Stem Cells". Cancer Research. 66 (19): 9339–44. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3126. PMID16990346.
