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Johann Baptist Fischer
Johann Baptist Fischer
Born	1803; Munich (Germany)
Died	30 May 1832; Leiden (The Netherlands)
Nationality	German
Known for	Synopsis Mammalium
	Scientific career
Fields	Zoologist and botanist

*Genetta genetta senegalensis* (J. Fischer, 1829) (top)

Johann Baptist Fischer, born 1803 in Munich (Germany), died 30 May 1832 in Leiden (the Netherlands) was a German naturalist, zoologist and botanist, doctor and surgeon.

Biography

Fischer was the son of a Munich schoolmaster, also named Johann Baptist, and his wife Cäcilie Haimerl. His younger brother was Sebastian Fischer, who also became a physician and naturalist spending part of his career in Russia and then Egypt.^[2]

J. B. Fisher was the assistant of the botanist Carl Ludwig Blume in the former national herbarium of Brussels. In 1826, he joined an expedition to Java, then a possession of the Dutch East Indies, and participated with Blume in writing the description of the species collected.^[3] During the Belgian revolution of September 1830, he helped Philipp Franz von Siebold transferring herbarium specimens from Brussels to Leiden in the Netherlands.^[4]^[5] Johann Baptist Fischer also devoted himself to the study of mammals, and he published in 1830 his Synopsis Mammalium.^[1] He died at a young age from septic infection.^[2]

Taxonomic descriptions

Johann Baptist Fischer described many species of plants, which were proven to be synonyms, as Agathosma desciscens (J.B.Fisch. 1832)^[6] synonym for Agathosma bifida Bartl. & H.L.Wendl., 1824.

In his Synopsis Mammalium,^[1] he also described a number of new mammalian species and subspecies.

Rodents

Akodon azarae (J. Fischer, 1829), named in honor of the Spanish naturalist Félix de Azara^[1]
Geocapromys brownii (J. Fischer, 1829), the Jamaican hutia, named in honor of the Irish naturalist Patrick Browne^[1]
Megalomys desmarestii (J. Fischer, 1829), the muskrat of Martinique, an endemic rodent now extinct, and named in honor of the French zoologist Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest.^[1]

Primates

Trachypithecus johnii (J. Fischer, 1829), the Nilgiri langur, a small monkey native to the south west of the India, named in honor of the missionary CS John.^[1]^[7]

Bats

Centronycteris maximiliani (J. Fischer, 1829), the hirsute bat, named in honor of the prince Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied^[1]
Pipistrellus rueppellii (J. Fischer, 1829), the Rüppell's pipistrelle, named in honor of the German naturalist Eduard Rüppell^[1]
Plecotus austriacus (J. Fischer, 1829), the grey long-eared bat.^[1]

Carnivores

Caracal caracal nubica (J. Fischer, 1829), the Nubian caracal^[1]
Genetta genetta senegalensis (J. Fischer, 1829), the Senegalese common genet.^[1]

Marsupials

Echymipera kalubu (J. Fischer, 1829), the common spiny bandicoot, a small marsupial of New Guinea.^[1]

The standard author abbreviation J.B.Fisch. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Fischer, Johann Baptist (1830). Synopsis Mammalium. Addenda, Emendanda Et Index Ad Synopsis Mammalium (in Latin). Stuttgart: sumtibus J. G. Cotta. pp. 817.
^ ^a ^b Matzke-Karasz, Renate; Damkaer, David M. (1 January 2012). "Sebastian Fischer (1806-1871), Bavarian Physician-Naturalist in Egypt and Russia". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 32 (2): 327–333. doi:10.1163/193724011X615497.
^ Blume, C. L., Fischer, J. B. 1828. Flora Javae nec non insularum adjacentium. J. Frank, Brüssel. Biodiversity Heritage Library
^ Dorr, L.J., Nicolson, D.H. 2008. Taxonomic Literature, A selected guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Suppl. VII: F-Frer. A.R.G Gantner Verlag K.G., Ruggell, 469 p. [p.215-216], ISBN 978-3-906166-65-0
^ E. M. Binsbergen. "Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866). Wetenschapper in de Oost" [Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866). Scientist in the East] (in Dutch). University of Amsterdam. Archived from the original on 2007-03-28. Retrieved 2018-02-06.
^ Fischer, Johann Baptist (1832). "Agathosma desciscens, Species nova, descripta". Bijdragen Tot Natuurkundige Wetenschappen. 7: 22–25 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
^ John, CS 1795. Beschreibung einiger Affen aus Kasi im nördlichen Bengalen, vom Missionary John zu Trankenbar. Neue Schriften, Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1: 211-218
^ International Plant Names Index. J.B.Fisch.