Jeon has represented South Korea both at the youth (U-20) and Olympic (U-23) levels.
At club level, he initially enjoyed more international successes (winning the Asian Champions Cup in 1997 and 1998 with Pohang Steelers) than domestic ones. However, Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors did manage to win two FA Cups (2003, 2005) despite average form in the league.
In 2006, Jeon left Jeonbuk to play for Home United in Singapore. It was not seen as a wise choice as Jeonbuk won the AFC Champions League that year, while the Protectors only managed a fourth-placed finish in the S.League, but Jeon scored 13 goals.
He joined the Bruneian club DPMM FC for the 2007 Malaysian Super League season, but only stayed a year before returning to Singapore as a player-coach for the Super Reds. He successfully led the team to an impressive runners-up finish in the 2008 season, two points below champions SAFFC, and barely missed out on the MIKASA Coach of the Year award at the S.League Awards Night.
Under Jeon, the Super Reds have been known to play a brand of quick-paced football with effective short passes.