Jagersfontein

Jagersfontein
Jagersfontein Show map of Free State (South African province) Jagersfontein Show map of South Africa
Coordinates: 29°45′43″S 25°25′36″E
Country	South Africa
Province	Free State
District	Xhariep
Municipality	Kopanong
Established	1852[1]
Government
• Type	Municipality
• Mayor	xolani stalin-tseletsele[2] (ANC)
Area [3]
• Total	45.5 km^2 (17.6 sq mi)
Population  (2011)[3]
• Total	5,729
• Density	130/km^2 (330/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011) [3]
• Black African	80.9%
• Coloured	12.5%
• Indian/Asian	0.5%
• White	5.6%
• Other	0.5%
First languages (2011) [3]
• Sotho	51.8%
• Afrikaans	25.3%
• Xhosa	11.2%
• Tswana	6.5%
• Other	5.2%
Time zone	UTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)	9974
PO box	9974
Area code	051

Jagersfontein is a small town in the Free State province of South Africa.

Origin

The original farm on which the town stands was once the property of a Griqua Jacobus Jagers, hence the name Jagersfontein. He sold the farm to C.F. Visser in 1854.

Mining

Diamond rush

A diamond rush started in 1870 after farmer J.J. de Klerk found a 50 carat (10 g) diamond. This was about three years before diamonds were discovered 130 km away at Kimberley.

Jagersfontein is known for many great finds, such as:

• the 972 carat (194.4 g) Excelsior Diamond of 1893 and
• the 637 carat (127.4 g) Reitz Diamond of 1895.

Jagersfontein Mine

Main article: Jagersfontein Mine

Jagersfontein Mine together with the Koffiefontein mine produced some of the clearest diamonds of all mines in the early 1900s, despite being overshadowed by the mines at Kimberley. Streeter called Jagersfontein's diamonds of the "first water".^[4]

The Reitz diamond was first named after Francis William Reitz, then state president of the Orange Free State in which Jagersfontein is located. The following year marked the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria (the 60th anniversary of her coronation) so the gem was renamed the Jubilee Diamond to commemorate the occasion.^[5]

Main Pit Operations

The Jagersfontein Mine is currently the deepest hand-excavated hole in the world.

For the duration of the mine's operational history, it was run by De Beers up to 1972, when it was deproclaimed. De Beers did however retain prospecting rights on the property until 2002.

Stockpile Dumps Reprocessing

A court case, De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd, in December 2007,related to historic stockpile dumps were found not subject to the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act. All standard National Environmental Management Act processes however still applied.^{[6][7][8][9][10]}

Limited Reprocessing operations at the mine was eventually started in September 2010 by a company named Son Op before it changed its name to Jagersfontein Development. Reinet Investments of Luxembourg became involved around 2011, but eventually sold out to Stargems Group around early 2022.^[11]

Tailings dam collapse

Main article: 2022 Jagersfontein Dam Collapse

At around 6am on Sunday 11 September 2022, parts of a tailings dam collapsed on the outskirts of Jagersfontein.^{[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]}

The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 acquired the image on 10 September 2022, the day before the dam collapse.

Almost one month after the collapse, satellite images show that the landscape remains altered by the coating of sludge. The Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI-2) on Landsat 9 acquired this image on 4 October 2022.

Urban electrification

Jagersfontein was the second town in South Africa and the first town in the Orange Free State to have electricity and piped water.^[21]

In the early years, water used to be supplied with a unique system of coin-operated water pumps, using so-called Water Pennies,^[22] situated on street corners.

See also

• Battle of Boomplaats
• 2022 Jagersfontein Dam Collapse
• De Beers
• Reinet Investments

References

1. Robson, Linda Gillian (2011). "Annexure A" (PDF). The Royal Engineers and settlement planning in the Cape Colony 1806–1872: Approach, methodology and impact (PhD thesis). University of Pretoria. pp. xlv–lii. hdl:2263/26503.
2. Free State Tourism.org Archived 2014-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
3. Sum of the Main Places Jagersfontein and Itumeleng from Census 2011.
4. Streeter, Edwin (1898). Precious Stones and Gems - Their History, Sources and Characteristics. George Bell & Sons. p. 105.
5. The Jubilee Diamond
6. "De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and Others (3215/06) [2007] ZAFSHC 74 (13 December 2007)".
7. "De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd v Ataqua Mining (Pty) Ltd and others". 12 December 2007.
8. "The Unregulated Terrain of Historic Mine Dumps in South Africa". 8 July 2020.
9. "Engineering News - 'Historic dumps' do not appear to be MPRDA regulated – law firm".
10. Badenhorst, P. J.; Van, Heerden C. N. (January 2010). "Status of tailings dumps : Let's go working in the past?". Stellenbosch Law Review. 21 (1): 116–131.
11. IOL: Free State town forgotten in history
12. "Three dead after dam wall collapse wreaks havoc in Jagersfontein".
13. Dludla, Nqobile (11 September 2022). "South Africa mine dam wall collapses, killing 1 and injuring 40". Reuters.
14. "Mining company says deadly dam wall collapse will be investigated".
15. "Jagersfontein disaster: Dubai-based owner says survey showed dam was 'safe, secure'".
16. "Owners of Jagersfontein mine dam were warned to stabilise wall - FS govt".
17. "Tailings dam in South Africa collapses - several dead". 11 September 2022.
18. "JAGERSFONTEIN DISASTER: Owners of Free State diamond mine 'were warned to cease operations two years ago'". 12 September 2022.
19. "Jagersfontein Developments: Operations at mine were above aboard".
20. "JAGERSFONTEIN DISASTER : Mantashe says 'dangerous' high court judgment crippled his department's jurisdiction over all tailings dams". 13 September 2022.
21. OpenAfrica.com ^{[permanent dead link]}
22. Some rare South African tokens from the Nomansland region