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Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec
Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec
Tu̱ʼun ndáʼví
Pronunciation	[ˌtṵ̃˩ũ˧ˈⁿdaʔ˥vi˥]
Region	Ixpantepec Nieves, Oaxaca, Mexico and San Diego County, California, United States
Ethnicity	Mixtecs
Language family	Oto-Manguean Mixtecan Mixtec Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec; ; ;
Writing system	Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec, or simply Nieves Mixtec, is a variety of Mixtec spoken in the municipality of Ixpantepec Nieves, Oaxaca, Mexico and in San Diego County, California, United States.

Classification

INALI classifies Nieves Mixtec as part of Upper Western Mixtec (Spanish: mixteco del oeste alto).^[3] J. Kathryn Josserand classified it as part of Southern Baja Mixtec.^[4] SIL grouped Nieves Mixtec with Silacayoapan Mixtec,^[5] and found that speakers of Nieves Mixtec could understand 94% of Silacayoapan Mixtec, 75% of Juxtlahuaca Mixtec, 56% of Mixtepec Mixtec and 46% of Cacaloxtepec Mixtec.^[6]

Phonology

Consonants

^[7]		Labial	Coronal			Dorsal
^[7]		Labial	Apico- alveolar	Lamino- alveolar	Post- alveolar		Labialized
Voiceless	Stop		t	tʲ	tʃ	k	kʷ
Voiceless	Continuant		s		ʃ	x
Voiced	Stop	(ᵐb)	ⁿd	ⁿdʲ		(ᵑɡ)
	Continuant	v	l		ʒ
	Nasal	m	n		ɲ

The voiceless stops /t tʲ k/ lenite lenite in prosodically weak positions: /t/ becomes [d] or [ð], /tʲ/ becomes [ɾ], and /k/ becomes [ɡ] or [ɣ].^[7]

/x/ may be realized as [h].^[8]

/v/ may be realized as [β] or [β̞].^[9]

/ʒ/ may be realized as [j].^[9]

/ᵐb/ and /ᵑɡ/ are found in only a small number of words, including loanwords.^[10]

/ɲ/ may be realized as [j̃] in unstressed syllables.^[11]

Spanish consonants such as /p f b d ɾ r/ are found in loanwords. /r/ is also found in two animal names.^[12]

Vowels

^[13]	Oral			Nasal
^[13]	Front	Central	Back	Front	Central	Back
+High	ii		uu	ĩĩ		ũũ
+High	i		u	ĩ		ũ
−High	ee	aa	oo	ẽẽ	ãã
−High	e	a	o		ã

Notes

^ Caballero & Carroll 2013, p. 1.
^ ^a ^b Carroll 2015, p. 116.
^ INALI n.d.
^ Josserand 1983, p. 470.
^ Egland, Bartholomew & Cruz Ramos 1983, p. 26.
^ Egland, Bartholomew & Cruz Ramos 1983, p. 36.
^ ^a ^b Carroll 2015, p. 38.
^ Carroll 2015, p. 40.
^ ^a ^b Carroll 2015, p. 43.
^ Carroll 2015, pp. 38, 41.
^ Carroll 2015, p. 44.
^ Carroll 2015, pp. 44–45.
^ Carroll 2015, p. 50.

References

Bowen, Michael Andrew Villas-Boas (2010). Narrative strategies in Ixpantepec-Nieves Mixtec (M.A. thesis). San Diego State University.
Caballero, Gabriela; Carroll, Lucien (2013). Procesos de adaptación prosódica en préstamos del español al rarámuri (tarahumara) de Choguita y al tu'un savi (mixteco) de Ixpantepec Nieves [Processes of prosodic adaptation of Spanish loanwords into Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) and Ixpantepec Nieves Tu’un Savi (Mixtec)] (PDF). Sixth Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America (in Spanish). The University of Texas at Austin.
Caponigro, Ivano; Torrence, Harold; Cisneros, Carlos (January 2013). "Free relative clauses in two Mixtec languages". International Journal of American Linguistics. 79 (1): 61–96. doi:10.1086/668608. hdl:1808/14686.
Carroll, Lucien Serapio (2015). Ixpantepec Nieves Mixtec Word Prosody (Ph.D. thesis). University of California, San Diego.
Egland, Steven; Bartholomew, Doris; Cruz Ramos, Saúl (1983) [1978]. La Inteligibilidad interdialectal en México: Restultados de algunos sondeos [Interdialectical Intelligibility in Mexico: Some Survey Results] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
"Catálogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales" [Catalog of the National Indigenous Languages] (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas. n.d. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
Josserand, Judy Kathryn (1983). Mixtec Dialect History (Ph.D. thesis). Tulane University.
Perry, Elizabeth (2009). "The Declining Use of the Mixtec Language Among Oaxacan Migrants and Stay-at-Homes: The Persistence of Memory, Discrimination, and Social Hierarchies of Power" (PDF). The Center for Comparative Immigration Studies.