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Iris narbutii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Iridaceae
Genus:	Iris
Subgenus:	Iris subg. Scorpiris
Section:	Iris sect. Scorpiris
Species:	I. narbutii
Binomial name
	Iris narbutii; O.Fedtsch
Synonyms
	Iris caucasica var. oculata (Maxim); Iris dengerensis (B.Fedtsch.); Iris hissarica O.Fedtsch. ex Kneuck.; Juno dengerensis (B.Fedtsch.) Soják; Juno narbutii (O.Fedtsch.) Vved.;

Iris narbutii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia. It has dark green leaves, short stems, spring flowers in shades of greenish-yellow to pale violet.

Description

Iris narbutii has a brown bulb with papery tunic,^[2] the bulb is approx. 2 centimetres (0.79 in) in diameter.^[3] It has thickened roots,^[4] which look similar to fat short pointed tubers.^[5] The thin, channelled dark green leaves emerge before the flowers, they are 5–25 mm wide (close to the base of the plant).^[4]^[6]^[3] They gradually narrow to an apex (falcate-like or lanceolate),^[2] and have a very visible white edging/margin.^[4]

One of the shorter Juno irises, similar to Iris leptorrhiza,^[2] only growing to a height of 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in).^[4]^[6]^[7]

It blooms in early-mid spring,^[3] flowering between January and April depending on the weather conditions.^[4]^[2]^[6] It has 1 or 2 scentless flowers per bulb stem.^[4]^[3]^[7]

The flowers come in a range of shades from greenish-yellow to pale violet.^[2]^[6]^[7] The green-purple perianth tube is about 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) long.^[4]^[3] It has standards (3.5–5 cm or 1.4–2.0 in) that hang downwards.^[6]^[8]^[9] It has falls that start upright, but then the blade bends downwards, with a dark violet blotch at the tip. They have a raised white crest surrounded by a yellow zone/area.^[2]^[7]^[9] The yellow zone can sometimes have a dark purple ring around it.^[3]

It has whitish pollen.^[4]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes misspelt as 'Iris narbuti'.^[10]^[11]

It was first published as Juno narbutii by Olga Fedtschenko in 'Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obscestva Ljubitelej Estestvoznanija, Antropologii i Etnografii, Sostojascago pri (Imperatorskom) Moskovskom Universitete' in 1902.^[12] It was later published as Iris narbutii by Boris Fedtschenko in Bull. Jard. Bot. St. Petersb. Vol.V on page 157 in 1905.^[4]

Iris narbutii is now an accepted name by the RHS.^[13]

It is listed in 1995 in 'Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)' by Czerepanov, S. K.^[14]

It may have been named after 'Narbuta Beg'(1774-1798), a grandson of 'Abd al-Karim' (Khanate of Kokand) of the Fergana Valley, Central Asia, where the iris was found.^[15]

Native

Iris narbutii is from Central Asia.^[7]^[9] Originally found on the slopes of Syr-Darya river valley.^[4]^[8]

It is found on the rocky, gravelly slopes of the mountains of western Tien Shan and southern Pamir Mountains.^[3] Also seen near to Samarkand and Tashkent.^[4]

Olga Fedtschenko had speculated that the plants from west Tien Shan, could be a separate species, due to their paler colour.^[4]

In Chulbair Mountains, Uzbekistan, it is a threatened species and close to extinction.^[2]

Cultivation

It can be seen growing in the 'Le Grand Clos Botanique Garden' in Bourgueil, France.^[16]

It can be cultivated in pots,^[2] or in well-drained soils in sunshine (like other Juno irises).^[6]

Known hybrids

Iris narbutii 'Kara Kaga'^[9]

In Russia, Vvedenskii had noted several natural hybrids including;

J. narbutii x J maracandica (near Jizzak, Uzbekistan),
J. narbutii x J. Orchioides and
J. narbutii x J. subdecolorata (near Darbaza, Kazakhstan).^[3]

References

^ "Iris narbutii O.Fedtsch". www.theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Chapter III bulbous iris". irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Juno". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Komarov, V.L. (1935). "Akademiya Nauk SSSR (FLORA of the U.S.S.R.) Vol. IV". pp. 430–431. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ Taggart, Peter (6 January 2010). "Iris narbutii". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Almond, Jim. "PLANT OF THE MONTH - OCTOBER". freespace.virgin.net. Archived from the original on 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irise (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 147. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
^ ^a ^b "(SPEC) Iris narbutii Fedts". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). 24 March 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Waddick, Jim. "Juno irises J-R". pacificbulbsociety.org. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ Gardener, Chris (18 April 2011). "Tajikistan & Uzbekistan, A Reconnaissance Report" (PDF). greentours.co.uk. p. 5. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ "Iris". bulbsbirdsnmore.com.au. Archived from the original on 30 January 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ "Iris narbutii O.Fedtsch". kew.org. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ "Iris narbutii". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
^ Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR), p. 281, at Google Books
^ Ahmad Hasan Dani and Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson (Editors) History of Civilizations of Central Asia Volume V: Development in contrast from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century , p. 74, at Google Books
^ "iris botanique". irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Retrieved 13 October 2014.