Maurer was born in Bucharest to an Alsatian father of German descent and a Romanian mother with petit-bourgeois background.[2][3] He completed studies in law at the University of Bucharest in 1923, after which he pursued graduate studies at the Sorbonne in Paris.[4] Upon returning to Romania, he became an attorney, practicing law in Sighișoara, then serving as public prosecutor and later judge. In 1932 he went to Bucharest as counsel for several large banks.[4]
The first wife was named Dana Gavrilovici, according to other sources, Lucretia. She was older than him and had two daughters with him as well as a son from her first marriage, Alexandru Niculescu, who became an officer. He remarried in 1949 to Elena (Lili) Stănescu, ex-wife of his friend N.D. Cocea and with whom he had a son, Jean Maurer, who lives in Munich. His wife died a year before his death, but fearing a heart attack his son kept this fact a secret, so Maurer died believing his wife was still alive and being treated in a hospital.
Before 1937, he was briefly active in the Radical Peasants' Party, formed by Grigore Iunian as a splinter group of the National Peasants' Party;[7] however, he was by then already a member of the illegal Communist Party[8] and active in the Agitprop section.[9]
After the war, Maurer became a member of the Central Committee of the Romanian Workers' Party (the new name of the PCR after it had incorporated the Social Democratic Party) and took several ministerial positions in the new communist government of Romania — including that of undersecretary of the Communications and Public Works Ministry under Gheorghiu-Dej in the first Petru Groza government.[16] In 1946-1947, he was a member of Romania's delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (headed by Gheorghe Tătărescu) and was briefly employed by Ana Pauker at the Foreign Ministry, before being dismissed for having an unsatisfactory level of political conviction.[17] He was removed from the forefront for the following decade,[18] working for the Institute of Juridical Research.[19]
Regarded, according to the claims of dissident journalist Victor Frunză [ro],[21] as Gheorghiu-Dej's chosen successor, Maurer was head of state (President of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly of Romania) from 1958 to 1961. He took the seat previously occupied by Constantin Pîrvulescu on the Politburo,[22] and then replaced Chivu Stoica as Prime Minister of Romania in 1961.[23] In the latter capacity, he was the recipient of a 1963 letter by the British philosopher and activist Bertrand Russell, who pleaded with the Romanian authorities to free from jail Belu Zilber (a victim of the conflict between the Party leadership and Pătrășcanu, Zilber had been a political prisoner for sixteen years by then).[24] Maurer was also one of three acting Chairmen of the State Council of Romania (heads of state) between March 19 and March 24, 1965.
Alongside Emil Bodnăraș, Maurer was an important member of the Politburo in opposing the ambitions of Gheorghe Apostol and, together with Bodnăraș, helping along the establishment of the Nicolae Ceaușescu regime.[25] Among others, Maurer helped silence potential opposition from inside the Party by withdrawing his support for Corneliu Mănescu and welcoming Ceaușescu's directives, before being himself criticized and sidelined (at the same time as his collaborator Alexandru Bârlădeanu).[26] Pensioned in 1974, he was still present in the forefront at most Party ceremonies.[27]
A prominent member of the nomenklatura for much of his life, he was known for his latent conflict with a large part of the PCR hierarchy.[19] He accumulated a sizable wealth and was known for his ostentatious lifestyle.[19] In 1989, Maurer's earlier support for Ceaușescu led the sidelined PCR members who were planning to state their opposition to the regime by drafting the so-called Letter of the Six (Gheorghe Apostol, Alexandru Bârlădeanu, Silviu Brucan, Constantin Pîrvulescu, and Grigore Răceanu) not to enlist his assistance in the process.[28]
^Partoș; Deletant indicates in passing that Maurer's father was an AlsatianFrench language teacher, and that his mother was Romanian (Communist Terror..., p.19); he also states that Maurer was of "German origin" (Ceausescu..., p.69)
Ion Alexandrescu, Ion Bulei, Ion Mamina, and Ioan Scurtu, Partidele politice din România, 1862–1994: Enciclopedie, Bucharest, Editura Mediaprint, 1995; fragment published in Dosarele Istoriei, 12/III 1998, p. 26-27
