The humpbacked limia or black-barred limia (Limia nigrofasciata) is a critically endangered species of poeciliid fish which is endemic to Haiti. Its common name is derived from the hump males develop as they age. It is sometimes kept in home aquaria.
Description
Limia nigrofasciata grows to a length of 5.2 centimetres (2.0 in) in standard length.[2] Both males and females are colorful, with translucent and glittery bodies[3] featuring dark vertical bars (from which the specific epithetnigrofasciata is derived).[4] The males also have an enlarged dorsal fin with purple flecks.[3] As they mature, the males become distinctly humpbacked[3] and their golden base color intensifies.[4]
Ecology
Limia nigrofasciata exclusively inhabits Lake Miragoâne, but it is not particular about the type of substrate.[5] The fish are notably social[3] and usually form large schools.[5]
Gut analyses of wild specimens point to Limia nigrofasciata feeding exclusively on detritus and algae, taking no animal food items.[7]
Reproduction
In contrast to its sister species, L. islai (which is often mislabelled as L. nigrofasciata), the reproductive behavior of Limia nigrofasciata features an elaborate courtship display by the males, which try to attract the females by presenting a large, ornamented dorsal fin, wagging their tail, and performing lateral displays.[6] Females deliver 15–30 live young, which are quite large at the length of up to 13 mm. The fry hide in vegetation.[5]
In aquaria, the species is sensitive to water changes, which is especially true for mature males. It requires a constant temperature of 24–26°C and good circulation and aeration. Males fight over territory, while females are usually not aggressive. Adults may prey upon the fry.[5]
^ abcdeFranz, R.; Rivas, L.R. (1983). David S. Lee; S. P. Platania; G. H. Burgess (eds.). Atlas of North American Freshwater Fishes(PDF). North Carolina Museum of Natural History. pp. 36, 37.
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