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Hexabenzocoronene
	; AFM image of hexabenzocoronene
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene
	Other names Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene; Hexabenzocoronene;
Identifiers
CAS Number	190-24-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	119779;
PubChem CID	136001;
UNII	8TZ95D8GP4 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30172446 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C42H20/c1-7-19-21-9-2-11-23-25-13-4-15-27-29-17-6-18-30-28-16-5-14-26-24-12-3-10-22-20(8-1)31(19)37-38(32(21)23)40(34(25)27)42(36(29)30)41(35(26)28)39(37)33(22)24/h1-17,35H,18H2 Key: FYXBXZBCUROVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES c0cc1c2c3c4c5c1cccc5c6cccc1c6c4c7c8c1cccc8c9cccc1c9c7c3c5c1cccc5c2c0;
Properties
Chemical formula	C42H18
Molar mass	522.606 g·mol−1
Appearance	dark yellow
Density	1.54 g/cm3 (calc.)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-346.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Space group	monoclinic, P21/a
Lattice constant	a = 1.8431(3) nm, b = 0.5119(1) nm, c = 1.2929(2) nm α = 90°, β = 112.57(1)°, γ = 90°
Formula units (Z)	2
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C₄₂H₁₈. It consists of a central coronene molecule, with an additional benzene ring fused between each adjacent pair of rings around the periphery. It is sometimes simply called hexabenzocoronene, however, there are other chemicals that share this less-specific name, such as hexa-cata-hexabenzocoronene.

Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene has been imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM) providing the first example of a molecule in which differences in bond order and bond lengths of the individual bonds can be distinguished by a measurement in direct space.^[3]

Supramolecular structures

Various hexabenzocoronenes have been investigated in supramolecular electronics. They are known to self-assemble into a columnar phase. One derivative in particular forms carbon nanotubes with interesting electrical properties.^[4] The columnar phase in this compound further organises itself into sheets, which ultimately roll up like a carpet to form multi-walled nanotubes with an outer diameter of 20 nanometers and a wall thickness of 3 nm. In this geometry, the stacks of coronene disks are aligned with the length of the tube. The nanotubes have sufficient length to fit between two platinum nanogap electrodes produced by scanning probe nanofabrication and are 180 nm apart. The nanotubes as such are insulating, but, after one-electron oxidation with nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate (NOBF
₄), they conduct electricity.^[5]

Synthesis

Organic synthesis of a hexabenzocoronene starts with an Aldol condensation reaction of dibenzyl ketone with a benzil derivative to give a substituted cyclopentadienone. A Diels–Alder reaction with alkyne and subsequent expulsion of carbon monoxide gives a hexaphenylbenzene. The adjacent pairs of benzene rings undergo oxidative electrocyclic reactions and aromatization by oxidation by iron(III) chloride in nitromethane.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Goddard, Richard; Haenel, Matthias W.; Herndon, William C.; Krueger, Carl; Zander, Maximilian (1995). "Crystallization of Large Planar Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: The Molecular and Crystal Structures of Hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene and Benzo[1,2,3-bc:4,5,6-b'c']dicoronene". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 117: 30–41. doi:10.1021/ja00106a004.
^ Akamatu, Hideo; Kinoshita, Minoru (1959). "On the Magnetic Susceptibility of Hexabenzocoronene and Triphenylene". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 32 (7): 773–774. doi:10.1246/bcsj.32.773.
^ Gross, L.; Mohn, F.; Moll, N.; Schuler, B.; Criado, A.; Guitian, E.; Pena, D.; Gourdon, A.; Meyer, G. (2012). "Bond-Order Discrimination by Atomic Force Microscopy". Science. 337 (6100): 1326–9. Bibcode:2012Sci...337.1326G. doi:10.1126/science.1225621. PMID 22984067. S2CID 206542919.
^ Jonathan P. Hill; Wusong Jin; Atsuko Kosaka; Takanori Fukushima; Hideki Ichihara; Takeshi Shimomura; Kohzo Ito; Tomihiro Hashizume; Noriyuki Ishii; Takuzo Aida (2004). "Self–Assembled Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene Graphitic Nanotube". Science. 304 (5676): 1481–1483. Bibcode:2004Sci...304.1481H. doi:10.1126/science.1097789. PMID 15178796. S2CID 39674411.
^ Sasaki, Tatsuya; Yamada, Yasuhiro; Sato, Satoshi (2018-09-18). "Quantitative Analysis of Zigzag and Armchair Edges on Carbon Materials with and without Pentagons Using Infrared Spectroscopy". Analytical Chemistry. 90 (18): 10724–10731. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00949. PMID 30079720. S2CID 51920955.