The first permanent settlement at Haralson was made in the 1820s.[5] Haralson was named for Hugh A. Haralson, a former Georgia congressman, who is also the namesake of Haralson County, Georgia.[6]
Haralson is located primarily in southeastern Coweta County, though the town's limits extend slightly south into Meriwether County. Georgia State Routes 74 and 85 run concurrently through the town, leading north 6 miles (10 km) to Senoia and south 10 miles (16 km) to Gay.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Haralson has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2), of which 0.01 square miles (0.0 km2), or 1.39%, are water.[1]