Handel Commemoration

Interior View of Westminster Abbey on the Commemoration of Handel, Taken from the Manager's Box, Edward Edwards, ca. 1790. Yale Center for British Art

The Handel festival or "Commemoration" took place in Westminster Abbey between 26 May and 5 June 1784, to commemorate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the death of George Frideric Handel in 1759.^[1]

The commemoration was organized by John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich^[2] and the Concerts of Antient Music and took the form of a series of concerts of Handel's music, given in the Abbey by vast numbers of singers and instrumentalists.

Above Handel's own monument in the Abbey, there is a small additional tablet to record the commemoration. An account of the commemoration was published by Charles Burney in the following year.^[3]

The commemoration established a fashion for large-scale performances of Handel's choral works throughout the nineteenth century and much of the twentieth. E.D. Mackerness described it as "the most important single event in the history of English music".^[4]

Five further Handel commemorations followed over the next seven years - in 1785, 1786, 1787, 1790 and 1791, the last with over 1,000 participants and an estimated audience of 2,200 people, including Joseph Haydn.^[1] Then in 1834 there was another larger scale commemoration, the Royal Musical Festival also at Westminster Abbey, this time with 625 participating musicians (223 instrumentalists, 397 choral singers and five soloists), and an audience of 2,700.^[1]

The 100th anniversary of Handel's death was commemorated at the Crystal Palace in 1859 on a similarly large scale. The festival included complete performances of The Messiah, the Dettingen Te Deum, and Israel in Egypt, along with excerpts from Belshazzar's Feast and Judas Maccabaeus.^[5]

References

1. Kroll, Mark. Bach, Handel and Scarlatti: Reception in Britain, 1750-1850 (2022), p. 1, 28-29
2. Weber, William (2001). "4th Earl of Sandwich". In Sadie, Stanley; Tyrrell, John (eds.). The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56159-239-5.‎
3. Charles Burney. An Account of the Musical Performances in Westminster-Abbey (1785)
4. E.D. Mackerness. A Social History of English Music (1964)
5. 'The Great Handel Festival at the Crystal Palace', in The Musical Times, Vol. 9, No 197, July 1859, pp. 75-78 and 83

Further reading

• Mark Kroll. Bach, Handel, and Scarlatti: Reception in Britain, 1750-1850, Cambridge Elements (2022)
• E.D. Mackerness. A Social History of English Music, London, 1964.
• H. Diack Johnstone. 'A Ringside Seat at the Handel Commemoration'. Musical Times, Vol. 125, No. 1701 (Nov., 1984), pp. 632–633+635-636
• William Weber. 'The 1784 Handel Commemoration as Political Ritual'. Journal of British Studies, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Jan., 1989), pp. 43–69
• Pierre Dubois. Reviews of the Handel Commemoration of 1784: Discourse and Reception. ESSE-8: LONDON 2006

External links

• Charles Burney, An Account of the Musical Performances in Westminster-Abbey (London: Payne, 1785)
• Handel's monument at Westminster Abbey Archived 14 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine
• Messiah in other hands by Donald Burrows
• The Original Academy of Ancient Music by William Weber