HMS Negresse (1799)

History
France
Name	Négresse
Owner	French Navy
Acquired	March 1793 by requisition[1]
Captured	18 March 1799 by the Royal Navy
Great Britain
Name	HMS Negresse
Owner	Royal Navy
Acquired	18 March 1799
Honours and awards	Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Egypt"[2]
Fate	Sold 1802
General characteristics [1]
Class and type	Aviso
Sail plan	Tartane
Complement	53
Armament	Originally: 2 × 18-pounder + 2 × 6-pounder guns At capture: 6 guns British service:6 guns

HMS Negresse was a tartane that the French Navy requisitioned at Marseilles in March 1798 and used as an aviso in the Egyptian campaign. The Royal Navy captured her in 1799 and took her into service. She participated in the defense at the siege of Acre later that year and in 1801 at the landing of British troops at Aboukir Bay. The Royal Navy sold her in 1802.

French service

On 17 August 1798 Negresse was one of seven avisos in port at Alexandria.^[3]

British service

Negresse was one of a flotilla of seven vessels that Commodore Sir Sidney Smith in HMS Tigre took at Acre on 18 March 1799,^[4] all of which the British took into service. At capture Negresse carried six guns and had a crew of 53 men. The Navy appointed Lieutenant Richard to command her.^[5]

See also: List of gun-vessels Commodore Sir Sidney Smith captured at Acre in March 1799

The flotilla of gun-vessels was carrying siege artillery and other siege supplies to reinforce Napoleon's troops besieging Acre. Smith immediately put the guns and supplies to use to help the denizens of the city resist the French, and the gun-vessels to harass them.

Main article: Siege of Acre (1799)

Smith anchored Tigre and HMS Theseus, one on each side of the town, so their broadsides could assist the defence. The gun-vessels were of shallower draft and so could come in closer. Together, they helped repel repeated French assaults.^[6] The French attacked multiple times between 19 March and 10 May before Napoleon finally gave up. On 21 May he destroyed his siege train and retreated back to Egypt, having lost 2,200 men dead, 1,000 of them to the plague.^[7]

After Napoleon's failure at Acre, Negresse sailed to Jaffa. There her seamen rescued seven French soldiers in hospital for the plague from massacre by the Turks. The invalids came abroad Negresse; on her they received medical care and four survived.^[8]

Next, Negresse served in the Egyptian campaign of 1801 where, together with the schooner Malta and the cutter Entreprenante, she protected the left flank during the landing of troops in Aboukir Bay.^[9][a]

Fate

Negresse was sold in 1802. In 1850 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Egypt" to claimants from the crews of the vessels that had served in the navy's Egyptian campaign between 8 March 1801 and 2 September, including Negresse.^[11]

Notes

1. A first-class share of the prize money awarded in April 1823 was worth £34 2s 4d; a fifth-class share, that of a seaman, was worth 3s 11½d. The amount was small as the total had to be shared between 79 vessels and the entire army contingent.^[10]

Citations

1. Winfield & Roberts (2015), p. 280.
2. "No. 21077". The London Gazette. 15 March 1850. pp. 791–792.
3. Napoleon (1819), p.486.
4. "No. 15149". The London Gazette. 18 June 1799. pp. 609–610.
5. "NMM, vessel ID 371955" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol viii. National Maritime Museum. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
6. Shankland (1975), p. 70.
7. Pawley (2006), p. 6.
8. Shankland (1975), p. 91.
9. "No. 15362". The London Gazette. 5 May 1801. pp. 496–498.
10. "No. 17915". The London Gazette. 3 April 1823. p. 633.
11. "No. 21077". The London Gazette. 15 March 1850. pp. 791–792.

References

• Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
• Napoleon I (1819) Correspondance inédite, officielle et confidentielle de Napoléon Bonaparte, avec les Cours étrangères: En Italie, Egypte et Allemagne. (Panckroucke).
• Pawley, Ronald (2006). Napoleon's Mamelukes. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781841769554.
• Shankland, Peter (1975). Beware of Heroes: Admiral Sir Sidney Smith's War against Napoleon. London: W. Kimber. ISBN 07183-0004-1.
• Winfield, Rif; Roberts, Stephen S. (2015). French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786–1861: Design Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-204-2.

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