HLA-A25

HLA-A25
(MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen)
HLA-A25
About
Protein	transmembrane receptor/ligand
Structure	αβ heterodimer
Subunits	HLA-A*2501, β2-microglobulin
Older names	A10
Subtypes
Subtype allele Available structures A25 *2501 {{{cNick2}}} *25{{{cAllele2}}} {{{cNick3}}} *25{{{cAllele3}}} {{{cNick4}}} *25{{{cAllele4}}}
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA database at EBI

HLA-A25 (A25) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α²⁵ subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A25, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*25 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.^[1] This group currently is dominated by A*2501. A25 and A*25 are almost synonymous in meaning. A25 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A10. A25 is a sister serotype of A26, A34, A43, and A66.

Further information: History and naming of human leukocyte antigens

A25 is more common in SW Asia to NW Europe. A25 is believed to have been formed by a single gene conversion between another HLA-A and the A*2601 allele.^[2].

Serotype

A25 recognition of some HLA A*25 gene products^[3]

A*25	A25	A10	Sample
allele	%	%	size (N)
*2501	95	2	1375

A25 reasonably good serotyping with no overt false recognition..

A25 frequencies

HLA A*2501 frequencies

Study population	Freq.  (in %)[4]
Saudi Arabia	5.7
India Jalpaiguri Toto	5.1
Russia Northwest	5.1
Serbia	4.8
Spain Pas Valley	4.3
Czech Republic	4.2
Spain North Cantabrian	4.2
Russia Arkhangelsk Pomors	4.0
Spain North Cabuernigo	3.8
Ireland South	3.6
Romanian	3.5
USA Caucasians (3)	3.4
Croatia	3.0
Bulgaria	2.7
Spain Basque Arratia Vall…	2.7
Sweden Uppsala County	2.5
Scotland Orkney	2.5
German Essen	2.4
Wales	2.1
Argentina Buenos Aires	2.0
Ireland Northern	2.0
Morocco	2.0
Spain Eastern Andalusia	2.0
Australia New South Wales	1.9
Georgia Svaneti Svans	1.9
Italy	1.9
Macedonia	1.9
Sweden Stockholm	1.9
England Liverpool	1.9
Azores Central Islands	1.8
Turkey	1.8
England Lancaster	1.8
England Sheffield	1.6
Israeli Jews	1.5
Spain Basque Gipuzkoa Pro…	1.5
Italy South Campania	1.2
New Caledonia	1.2
Uganda Kampala	1.2
Australia West	1.1
Finland	1.1
Portugal Centre (2)	1.1
Spain Catalonia Girona	1.1
Belgium	1.0
France Corsica	1.0
Mongolia Oold	1.0
Russia Murmansk Saomi	1.0
Russia Sakhalin Island Ni…	0.9
France South East	0.8
USA South Texas Hispanics	0.8
Morocco 'Berber' Nador Me…	0.7
USA South Dakota Lakota S…	0.7
Greece	0.6
USA Arizona Pima	0.6
Algeria1	0.5
China Qinghai Hui	0.5
Allele frequencies presented, only

A*2501 distribution is primarily located in Western Eurasia. Frequency tends to be highest in the populations that underwent later neolithization suggesting A*2501 spread in Europe. The high frequency in Saudi Arabia is suggestive of a source.

References

1. Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens. 11 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x. PMID 77067.
2. Madrigal JA, Hildebrand WH, Belich MP, et al. (1993). "Structural diversity in the HLA-A10 family of alleles: correlations with serology". Tissue Antigens. 41 (2): 72–80. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1993.tb01982.x. PMID 8475492.
3. Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
4. Middleton, D.; Menchaca, L.; Rood, H.; Komerofsky, R. (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–407. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x. PMID 12753660.