Gruczno

Gruczno
Village
Gruczno
Coordinates: 53°21′N 18°19′E
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Kuyavian-Pomeranian
County	Świecie
Gmina	Świecie
Population	1,300
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Vehicle registration	CSW
National roads
Voivodeship roads

Gruczno [ˈɡrut͡ʂnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świecie, within Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.^[1] It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-west of Świecie, 34 km (21 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz, and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of Toruń.

History

Historic timber framed mill

Gruczno was the site of a medieval Polish stronghold.^[2] The name of the village comes from the Polish word gród, which means "stronghold".^[2] During the fragmentation period, it was located within the Duchy of Pomerania (eastern) within the fragmented Polish realm. The oldest known mention of a parish priest in Gruczno comes from 1238.^[2] In 1290, Duke Mestwin II sold the village to the Archbishop of Gniezno.^[2] Gruczno was visited by several Archbishops of Gniezno, and it was administered by the Archdiocese until the late-18th-century Partitions of Poland,^[2] when it was annexed by Prussia. Following World War I, Poland regained independence and control of the village.

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), Gruczno was one of the sites of executions of Poles, carried out by the Germans in 1939 as part of the Intelligenzaktion.^[3] In 1940–1941, the occupiers also carried out expulsions of Poles, whose houses and farms were then handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.^[4]

Sports

The local football club is Wisła Gruczno.^[5] It competes in the lower leagues.

References

1. "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
2. Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II (in Polish). Warsaw. 1881. p. 860.
3. The Pomeranian Crime 1939. Warsaw: IPN. 2018. p. 41.
4. Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. pp. 81, 94. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
5. "Wisła Gruczno - strona klubu" (in Polish). Retrieved 2 October 2021.