Returning to South Carolina after the war, Timmerman ran as a Democrat for Lieutenant Governor in 1946 on the same ticket as fellow veteran Strom Thurmond. He was elected for a term beginning in 1947 and reelected in 1950 for another four-year term.
Gubernatorial tenure
While Governor he opposed the Supreme Court's ruling in 1954, which declared segregated public schools unconstitutional. Timmerman fought the changes brought by the decision, in an attempt to defend "the integrity of the races" and "our customs and institutions." He urged Congress to limit the authority of the United States Supreme Court. He regarded the insistence of the Northern United States on racial integration as hypocritical.[1]
In the gubernatorial election of 1954, he faced nominal opposition in the Democratic primary and ran unopposed in the general election. He became the 105th Governor of South Carolina in 1955. He sought to thwart an order by the Interstate Commerce Commission for desegregation of long-distance travel in 1955, especially because it affected public waiting rooms. At the same time, Timmerman opposed federal court orders aimed at integrating public parks, bathing beaches and golf courses. For the desegregation of public schools, he vowed with other governors of the Southern United States to thwart it with congressional or state legislation.
He was the favorite presidential candidate of the South Carolina delegation at the 1956 Democratic National Convention. During the convention, Timmerman was a leader of Southern opposition to what he called "radical civil rights legislation and radical planks in the platform." He signed a law in 1956 to bar members of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People from public employment in South Carolina. He opposed civil rights laws enacted by the administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Judicial appointment and retirement
After leaving the governorship in 1959, Timmerman was appointed as a judge to the state's Eleventh Judicial Circuit in 1967 and served until 1984.[1] While a judge, Timmerman declared the 1974 South Carolina law on capital punishment to be unconstitutional.[3] This ruling was affirmed in the 1976 U.S. Supreme Court decision Gregg v. Georgia.
