Carter was politically active, and was "a strong free silver man", to the point of becoming a "silver delegate" to the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.[3] Carter was personal friends with William Jennings Bryan,[4] and was "an earnest supporter of Bryan and Sewall throughout the convention".[3] In August 1896, Carter was selected as a Democratic presidential elector for the state of Florida.[3]
On January 11, 1897 Governor William D. Bloxham appointed Carter, then 35 years old, to a seat on the Florida Supreme Court vacated by the retirement of Justice Liddon. Carter served until 1905, when he "resigned to take a more active position as judge of the First Judicial Circuit".[2]