An Istres youth graduate, Boulaya made his professional debut on 11 May 2012, coming on as a substitute for Maxime Tarasconi in a 1–0 defeat away at Lens.[citation needed]
On 31 August 2016, Boulaya signed a four-year deal for Ligue 1 side Bastia.[2] However, he only appeared in two matches for the club.[citation needed]
On 25 July 2017, Boulaya moved abroad for the first time in his career, after agreeing to a three-year deal with La Liga side Girona.[3] In January 2018, he joined Metz on loan.[4]
On 21 August 2022, Boulaya signed a two-year contract with Al-Gharafa in Qatar.[5]