Elizabeth Public Schools

Elizabeth Public Schools
Address
500 North Broad Street
Elizabeth
, Union County, New Jersey, 07208
United States
Coordinates40°39′49″N 74°12′41″W / 40.663509°N 74.21151°W / 40.663509; -74.21151
District information
Motto"Every Child, Achieving Excellence"
GradesPreK-12
PresidentIliana Chevres
Vice-presidentCharlene Bathelus Dorgely
SuperintendentOlga Hugelmeyer
Business administratorHarold Kennedy
Schools36
Affiliation(s)Former Abbott district
Students and staff
Enrollment28,712 (as of 2018–19)[1]
Faculty2,173.0 FTEs[1]
Student–teacher ratio13.2:1[1]
ColorsGold  
Navy Blue  
Other information
District Factor GroupA
Websitewww.epsnj.org
Ind. Per pupil District
spending		 Rank
(*)		 K-12
average		 %± vs.
average
1ATotal Spending$21,72288$18,89115.0%
1Budgetary Cost17,4449514,78318.0%
2Classroom Instruction10,704978,76322.1%
6Support Services2,620772,3929.5%
8Administrative Cost1,470561,485−1.0%
10Operations & Maintenance2,396921,78334.4%
13Extracurricular Activities17622268−34.3%
16Median Teacher Salary76,5589464,043
Data from NJDoE 2014 Taxpayers' Guide to Education Spending.[2]
*Of K-12 districts with more than 3,500 students. Lowest spending=1; Highest=103

Elizabeth Public Schools is a public school district in Elizabeth, in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide that were established pursuant to the decision by the New Jersey Supreme Court in Abbott v. Burke[3] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[4][5] The district was the third largest in New Jersey in 2022,[6] with a culturally diverse student body coming from 50 countries and speaking more than 37 languages.[7]

As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprising 36 schools, had an enrollment of 28,712 students and 2,173.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.2:1.[1]

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "A", the lowest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.[8]

Awards, recognition and rankings

In 2015, Elizabeth High School was one of 15 schools in New Jersey, and one of nine public schools, recognized as a National Blue Ribbon School in the exemplary high performing category by the United States Department of Education.[9][10]

In the 2008-09 school year, Victor Mravlag Elementary School No. 21 was recognized with the Blue Ribbon School Award of Excellence by the United States Department of Education,[11] the highest award an American school can receive.[12][13] For the 2006-07 school year, William F. Halloran Alternative School #22 was one of four schools in New Jersey recognized with the Blue Ribbon Award.[14] William F. Halloran Alternative School #22 earned a second award when it was one of 11 in the state to be recognized in 2014 by the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program.[15][16][17] Terence C. Reilly was also recognized as a National Blue Ribbon school in 2013 and was recognized as a NJ School of Character and National School of Character. Terence C. Reilly is also an Apple Distinguished School and Top 25 in New Jersey. Terence C. Reilly School No. 7 was honored by the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program in 2019, one of nine schools in the state recognized as Exemplary High Performing Schools.[18]

In 2007, Dr. Albert Einstein Academy School No. 29 became one of 24 schools selected from across the United States and the only NASA Explore School in the state of New Jersey at that time.[19]

In the 2012 "High School Challenge" published by The Washington Post, a continuation of high-school rankings formerly published in Newsweek, ranked Elizabeth High School as the best public high school in New Jersey, and the 76th-best in the United States.[20]

History

Battin High School was constructed in 1913 at 300 South Broad Street on the site of a mansion that had been donated to the city nearly 25 years earlier by Joseph Battin, president of the Elizabethtown Water Company, and namesake of the school.[21] Originally operated on a coeducational basis, the school became female only starting in 1929, after Thomas Jefferson High School was constructed and dedicated to serve male students.[22] In 1977, district officials stated that the inability to determine attendance zones for the two comprehensive high schools after Thomas Jefferson High School opened in 1929 combined with the expansive shop facilities in the new building, led the district to decide to split students by sex, with girls at Battin and boys at Thomas Jefferson.[23] By 1972, Battin was the only public high school in New Jersey operated exclusively for women, despite coeducational programs at both Princeton University and Vassar College. By that time, a policy under which pregnant students had been required to withdraw from school had been eliminated and students were allowed to return to school after giving birth and attending a special off-site program during their pregnancy. Though 40% of graduating students went on to college and district officials insisted that the curriculum was standard across the district's separate high schools, a student criticized the difference in expectations of male and female students, noting that "Boys are expected to be engineers and attorneys. Girls are supposed to be secretaries and mothers."[24]

Battin High School and Thomas Jefferson High School were both closed at the end of the 1976-77 school year, after the Elizabeth High School complex was completed and all of the district's students, male and female, were accommodated at the new four-building facility, ending the city's status as "the only community in the state with separate public high schools for boys and girls". The $29.3 million project included renovations to Thomas Jefferson High School, which was integrated into the new complex. The Battin High School building, together with the four existing junior high schools, was repurposed as a middle school for grades six through eight.[23]

Schools

Schools in the district (with 2018–19 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[25]) are:[26][27][28]

Early childhood centers
  • Frances C. Smith Center for Early Childhood Education No. 50[29] (304 students; in grade PreK)
  • Donald Stewart Center for Early Childhood Education No. 51[30] (300; PreK)
  • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Early Childhood Education No. 52[31] (307; PreK)
George Washington Academy School #1, Elizabeth, New Jersey
Winfield Scott School 2
Elementary and Middle schools
Christopher Columbus School 15
  • George Washington Academy School No. 1[32] (579; PreK-8)
  • Winfield Scott School No. 2[33] (655; PreK-8)
  • Nicholas S. La Corte-Peterstown School No. 3[34] (728; K-8)
  • Joseph Battin School No. 4[35] (825; K-8)
  • Mabel G. Holmes School No. 5[36] (863; PreK-8)
  • Toussaint L'ouverture-Marquis de Lafayette School No. 6 (formally known as Toussaint L'ouverture School)[37] (1,085; PreK-8)
  • Terence C. Reilly School No. 7[38] (1,087; Pre-K and 2-8)
  • iPrep Academy School No. 8[39] (431; K-8)
  • Jerome Dunn Academy No. 9[40] (863; K-8)
  • Elmora School No. 12[41] (688; PreK-8)
  • Benjamin Franklin School No. 13[42] (463; K-8)
  • Abraham Lincoln School No. 14[43] (875; K-8)
  • Christopher Columbus School No. 15[44] (665; K-8)
  • Madison-Monroe School No. 16[45] (658; PreK-8)
  • Robert Morris School No. 18[46] (573; K-8)
  • Woodrow Wilson School No. 19[47] (656; PreK-8)
  • John Marshall School No. 20[48] (382; K-8)
  • Victor Mravlag School No. 21[49] (581; PreK-8)
  • William F. Halloran No. 22[50] (1,108; PreK and 2-8)
  • Nicholas Murray Butler School No. 23[51] (848; PreK-8)

Sonia Sotomayor School No. 25 (formerly known as Charles J. Hudson School)[52] (609; K-8)

  • Dr. Orlando Edreira Academy School No. 26[53] (680; PreK-8)
  • Dr. Antonia Pantoja School No. 27[54] (971; PreK-8)
  • Juan Pablo Duarte - José Julián Martí School No. 28[55] (952; PreK-8)
  • Dr. Albert Einstein Academy School No. 29[56] (890; PreK-8)
    • Chessie Dentley Roberts Academy No. 30[57] (808; PreK-8)
High schools

Administration

Core members of the district's administration are:[65][66]

  • Olga Hugelmeyer, superintendent[67]
  • Harold Kennedy, business administrator and board secretary[68]

Board of education

The district, with nearly 29,000 students, is the third largest in New Jersey.[6] With an estimated 28,500 students for the 2021-22 school year, the district projected an operating budget of $527 million, of which $452 million (85.8%) would be from state sources and $60 million (11.4%) from property taxes[69] For 2016, the $507 million budget was mostly subsidized by state aid, which accounted for 82.6% of the district's budget, while property taxes covered 11.6% of the budget.[70]

The district's board of education, composed of nine members, sets policy and oversees the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its administration. As a Type II school district, the board's trustees are elected directly by voters to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with three seats up for election each year held (since 2012) as part of the November general election. The board appoints a superintendent to oversee the district's day-to-day operations and a business administrator to supervise the business functions of the district.[71][72][73]

The school board has long had a majority led Rafael Fajardo, a former school board president who has had at least six family members on the payroll.[74] Although he is no longer on the panel, Fajardo had controlled the school system with the support of several board members.[75][76]

Controversy

In June 2011, the Union County Prosecutor's Office was investigating charges that members of the school board gave jobs and promotions to employees in exchange for political contributions. Republican members of the New Jersey General Assembly asked for records relating to district spending for entertainment, travel, equipment and other expenditures.[77]

The Investigations Unit of the New Jersey Department of Education reviewed district practices in 2008, following a state auditor's report that undocumented aliens were being improperly hired by the district in custodial and clerical positions. The district's business administrator indicated that the district had been hiring non-citizens for math and science teaching positions due to the inability to find qualified citizens qualified to work in those positions. Other findings had shown that $88,000 was spent by the district for what was deemed to be political advertising and that employee information had been taken from confidential files to be used for soliciting political contributions.[78]

Some other recent headlines include:

  • At least $1.5M paid out secretly by Elizabeth schools, a fraction of workers' settlements;[79]
  • Elizabeth Board of Education used taxpayer money to keep lawsuits hush-hush;[80]
  • Investigation finds Elizabeth school board pressures workers to fill campaign coffers;[81]
  • Elizabeth school officials' kids don't pay full meal costs, records show;[82]
  • Former Elizabeth Public Schools Equipment Manager Robert Firestone admitted that he conspired to defraud the school system through fraudulent business practices for his personal gain, according to the FBI and US Attorney's office.[83][84]

2022 Teacher Union Negotiations

At the end of the 2021-22 school year, negotiations between the Elizabeth Education Association, the labor union representing teachers in the Elizabeth Public Schools, had its contract expired while both the Elizabeth School District and the EEA worked on negotiations, leading to no agreement by June 29 when negotiations ended.[85]

On August 24, 2022, Elizabeth mayor Chris Bollwage threatened on Twitter to not give any promotions to teachers who if they go on strike. The tweet has to criticism from residents and staff members.[86][87] During a board meeting of the Elizabeth Board of Education, EEA President John Griffin spoke to the board demanding that it respond to the Bollwage's Tweet, mentionign that state law does not have the power for the mayor to make staffing decisions and that mayor accused Griffin over planning a strike.[88][89]

A lawyer representing the teachers Union questioned the legality of the tweet including to the mayor, warning that he could face violations of the State School Ethics Act and that the tweet damaged the reputation of EEA President Griffin.[90]

References

  1. ^ a b c d District information for Elizabeth Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed April 1, 2020.
  2. ^ Taxpayers' Guide to Education Spending April 2013, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed April 15, 2013.
  3. ^ What We Do: History, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022. "In 1998, the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled in the Abbott v. Burke case that the State must provide 100 percent funding for all school renovation and construction projects in special-needs school districts. According to the Court, aging, unsafe and overcrowded buildings prevented children from receiving the "thorough and efficient" education required under the New Jersey Constitution.... Full funding for approved projects was authorized for the 31 special-needs districts, known as 'Abbott Districts'."
  4. ^ What We Do, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022.
  5. ^ SDA Districts, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed March 1, 2022.
  6. ^ a b Largest School Districts in New Jersey, Niche. Accessed February 25, 2022.
  7. ^ About Elizabeth, NJ, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  8. ^ NJ Department of Education District Factor Groups (DFG) for School Districts, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  9. ^ 2015 National Blue Ribbon Schools All Public and Private, National Blue Ribbon Schools Program. Accessed November 14, 2016.
  10. ^ Mueller, Mark. "Which N.J. schools were named National Blue Ribbon schools?", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, September 29, 2015. Accessed November 14, 2016. "Fifteen New Jersey schools have been recognized by the federal government as National Blue Ribbon Schools, a designation that celebrates excellence in academics or progress in closing the achievement gap among groups of students.... Each of the 15 New Jersey schools was chosen for the 'exemplary high performing' category, which weighs state or national tests, high school graduation rates and the performance of subgroups of students, such as those who are economically disadvantaged."
  11. ^ U.S. Department of Education Blue Ribbon Schools Program: 2008 Schools, United States Department of Education. Accessed April 13, 2011.
  12. ^ "CIBA cited as one of the best by Education Department", Journal Inquirer, November 16, 2006. "The Blue Ribbon award is given only to schools that reach the top 10 percent of their state's testing scores over several years or show significant gains in student achievement. It is considered the highest honor a school can achieve."
  13. ^ "Viers Mill School Wins Blue Ribbon; School Scored High on Statewide Test", The Washington Post. September 29, 2005. "For their accomplishments, all three schools this month earned the status of Blue Ribbon School, the highest honor the U.S. Education Department can bestow upon a school."
  14. ^ No Child Left Behind-Blue Ribbon Schools in 2006, United States Department of Education. Accessed April 13, 2011.
  15. ^ Goldman, Jeff. "Which N.J. schools were named to national 'Blue Ribbon' list?", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, October 2, 2014. Accessed December 31, 2014. "Eleven New Jersey schools have been named to the annual National Blue Ribbon list, the U.S. Department of Education announced Tuesday."
  16. ^ 2014 National Blue Ribbon Schools All Public and Private, United States Department of Education. Accessed December 31, 2014.
  17. ^ Lannan, Aktie. "Elizabeth gifted and talented school earns National Blue Ribbon School designation", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, October 1, 2014. Accessed December 31, 2014. "Federal education officials designated the William F. Halloran Gifted and Talented School No. 22 as a National Blue Ribbon School, one of 337 selected nationwide based on academic excellence and progress in closing the achievement gap. This is the second time School 22 has received the honor in the past 10 years, according to the school department. It was first named a National Blue Ribbon School in 2006."
  18. ^ 2019 National Blue Ribbon Schools Exemplary High Performing Schools, National Blue Ribbon Schools Program. Accessed September 26, 2019.
  19. ^ Smith, Heather R. Starry-eyed, NASA. June 22, 2010. Accessed April 13, 2011.
  20. ^ Staff. "America's Most Challenging High Schools 2012: New Jersey", The Washington Post. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  21. ^ Elizabeth Through The Ages, Visit Historical Elizabeth, NJ. Accessed March 16, 2015.
  22. ^ Hatala, Greg. "Glimpse of History: When Battin was co-ed", The Star-Ledger, June 11, 2012. Accessed March 16, 2015. "According to research by Kristin Kulick, director of special projects for the Elizabeth Board of Education, the academic year 1976-77 was the last year male and female students attended classes separately."
  23. ^ a b Horowitz, Ben. "Elizabeth Awaits Coed High School", The New York Times, July 10, 1977. Accessed March 16, 2015. "Elizabeth's 48-year role as the only community in the state with separate public high schools for boys and girls will end in September with the opening of a new fourbuilding complex at the corner of South Pearl and South Streets."
  24. ^ Bloom, Kathryn Ruth. "Battin High in Elizabeth, the only All-Girl Public School", The New York Times, September 24, 1972. Accessed March 16, 2015. "Elizabeth - With women having invaded Princeton and Vassar a coed college, the days of the single-sex school might seem to be over. They're not, though, for the girls at Battin High, one of three public high schools in this industrial city; the girls are students at New Jersey's only public all-girl high school."
  25. ^ School Data for the Elizabeth Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed April 1, 2020.
  26. ^ District & School Buildings Directory, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  27. ^ School Performance Reports for the Elizabeth School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed April 3, 2024.
  28. ^ New Jersey School Directory for the Elizabeth School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 1, 2024.
  29. ^ Frances C. Smith Center for Early Childhood Education No. 50, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  30. ^ Donald Stewart Center for Early Childhood Education No. 51, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  31. ^ Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Early Childhood Education No. 52, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed September 28, 2014.
  32. ^ George Washington Academy School No. 1, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  33. ^ Winfield Scott School No. 2, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  34. ^ Nicholas S. La Corte-Peterstown School No. 3, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  35. ^ Joseph Battin School No. 4, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  36. ^ Mabel G. Holmes School No. 5, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  37. ^ Toussaint L'ouverture-Marquis de Lafayette School No. 6, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  38. ^ Terence C. Reilly School No. 7, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  39. ^ IPrep Academy School No. 8, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  40. ^ Jerome Dunn Academy No. 9, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  41. ^ Elmora School No. 12, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  42. ^ Benjamin Franklin School No. 13, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  43. ^ Abraham Lincoln School No. 14, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  44. ^ Christopher Columbus School No. 15, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  45. ^ Madison-Monroe School No. 16, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  46. ^ Robert Morris School No. 18, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  47. ^ Woodrow Wilson School No. 19, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  48. ^ John Marshall School No. 20, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  49. ^ Victor Mravlag School No. 21, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  50. ^ William F. Holloran No. 22, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  51. ^ Nicholas Murray Butler School No. 23, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  52. ^ Sonia Sotomayor School No. 25, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  53. ^ Dr. Orlando Edreira Academy School No. 26, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  54. ^ Dr. Antonia Pantoja School No. 27, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  55. ^ Juan Pablo Duarte - José Julián Martí School No. 28, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  56. ^ Dr. Albert Einstein Academy School No. 29, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  57. ^ Chessie Dentely Roberts Academy No. 30, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  58. ^ Elizabeth High School Frank J. Cicarell Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  59. ^ J. Christian Bollwage Finance Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  60. ^ John E. Dwyer Technology Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  61. ^ Thomas A. Edison Career and Technical Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed March 1, 2018.
  62. ^ Admiral William F. Halsey Jr. Health and Public Safety Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  63. ^ Alexander Hamilton Preparatory Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  64. ^ Thomas Jefferson Arts Academy, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed August 11, 2020.
  65. ^ Contact Information, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed March 28, 2022.
  66. ^ New Jersey School Directory for Union County, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 1, 2024.
  67. ^ Superintendent of Schools, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed March 28, 2022.
  68. ^ Business Administrator, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed March 28, 2022.
  69. ^ 2021-2022 Advertised Budget, Elizabeth Public Schools.
  70. ^ Iati, Marisa. "Elizabeth's $507M schools budget: 45 new teachers, no tax increase", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, June 8, 2016, updated January 16, 2019. Accessed August 11, 2020. "Small upticks in government aid: State funding, which Gov. Chris Christie intends to increase for every district in New Jersey, makes up 82.6 percent of Elizabeth's budget. At $419 million, proposed funding to Elizabeth for next year is very slightly higher than this year's actual state funding of $417 million."
  71. ^ New Jersey Boards of Education by District Election Types - 2018 School Election, New Jersey Department of Education, updated February 16, 2018. Accessed January 26, 2020.
  72. ^ Annual Comprehensive Financial Report of the City of Elizabeth School District, New Jersey Department of Education, for year ending June 30, 2023. Accessed April 11, 2024. "The City of Elizabeth School District is a Type II District located in Union County, New Jersey. The School District is an instrumentality of the State of New Jersey, established to function as an educational institution. The Board of Education of the Elizabeth School District is composed of nine members elected to three-year terms. A superintendent is appointed by the Board and is responsible for the administrative control of the District."
  73. ^ Board of Education, Elizabeth Public Schools. Accessed February 25, 2022.
  74. ^ Sherman, Ted. "Investigation finds Elizabeth school board pressures workers to fill campaign coffers", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 22, 2011, updated June 13, 2011. Accessed August 25, 2015.
  75. ^ Lannan, Katie. "Elizabeth school board shake-up: Fajardo drops election challenge, gains seat when president resigns", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, January 7, 2015. Accessed August 25, 2015.
  76. ^ Khavkine, Richard. "With election of two new members, Elizabeth BOE will govern with two distinct factions", NJ.com, November 11, 2013. Accessed August 25, 2015.
  77. ^ Sherman, Ted. "Two investigations launched into Elizabeth school board", The Star-Ledger, June 13, 2011. Accessed September 5, 2011. "The Elizabeth Board of Education has become the focus of two investigations in the wake of charges that jobs and promotions at one of the state's largest school systems were tied to political contributions.
  78. ^ Cuozzo, Kenneth. "Elizabeth schools get state scrutiny", The Star-Ledger, May 30, 2008. Accessed September 5, 2011.
  79. ^ "At least $1.5M paid out secretly by Elizabeth schools, a fraction of workers' settlements", The Star-Ledger, July 24, 2011.
  80. ^ "Elizabeth Board of Education used taxpayer money to keep lawsuits hush-hush", The Star-Ledger Editorial, July 27, 2011.
  81. ^ "Investigation finds Elizabeth school board pressures workers to fill campaign coffers", The Star-Ledger, May 22, 2011.
  82. ^ "Elizabeth school officials' kids don't pay full meal costs, records show", The Star-Ledger, August 21, 2011.
  83. ^ FBI press release on Robert Firestone
  84. ^ "Former Elizabeth schools employee admits to defrauding district", The Star-Ledger, January 5, 2011.
  85. ^ "Elizabeth Teachers Union and School Board at an Impasse on Contract Negotiations". NJ Education Report. August 18, 2022.
  86. ^ Waters, Laura (August 25, 2022). "Mayor of Elizabeth Threatens District Teachers If They Protest Contract Impasse". NJ Education Report.
  87. ^ @MayorBollwage (August 24, 2022). "As I said in June the Elizabeth Education Assoc President John Griffin is planning a strike on the first week of school after rejecting a 10% plus raise.Any one who participates will never receive a promotion" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  88. ^ Sitrin, Carly (August 26, 2022). "Teachers union, Elizabeth mayor battle publicly over who controls the school district". Politico.
  89. ^ "Battle Heats Up in Corrupt Elizabeth as Parents Remind Mayor He Can't Fire Teachers". NJ Education Report. August 26, 2022.
  90. ^ Sitrin, Carly (August 31, 2022). "Lawyer for Elizabeth teachers union questions legality of mayor's tweet". Politico.

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Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York Daily News BuildingViewed from 42nd Street, looking southeastGeneral informationTypeOfficeArchitectural styleArt Deco, ModernistLocation220 East 42nd Street, New York, New YorkCoordinates40°45′00″N 73°58′24″W / 40.75000°N 73.97333°W / 40.75000; -73.97333GroundbreakingSeptember 1928CompletedJuly 23, 1930Renovated1957–1960 (annex)OwnerSL Green (51%), Meritz Alternative Investment Management (49%)HeightRoof476 ft...

 

Kanthaswamy

2009 film directed by Susi Ganesan This article is about the Tamil language film. For other uses, see Kandasamy. KanthaswamyTheatrical release posterDirected bySusi GanesanWritten bySusi GanesanProduced byKalaipuli S. DhanuStarring Vikram Prabhu Shriya Saran CinematographyN. K. EkambaramEdited byPraveen K. L. N. B. Srikanth Rajesh KumarMusic byDevi Sri PrasadProductioncompanyV. CreationsDistributed byKalaipuli Internationals(India)Ayngaran International(Overseas)Release dateAugust 21,...

Playboy

American men's lifestyle and entertainment magazine This article is about the magazine. For the lifestyle that inspired the magazine's name, see Playboy lifestyle. For other uses, see Playboy (disambiguation). PlayboyCEOBen KohnCategoriesMen's magazinesFrequencyMonthly (1953–2016)Bimonthly (2017–2018)Quarterly (2019–2020)Online (since 2020)PublisherPLBY GroupTotal circulation(2018)400,000 (December 2017)[1]FounderHugh HefnerFounded1953[2]First issueDecember 1, 1953Final ...

 

Whisper Supremacy

1998 studio album by CryptopsyWhisper SupremacyStudio album by CryptopsyReleasedSeptember 22, 1998 (1998-09-22)RecordedJune 1998StudioVictor, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaGenreTechnical death metalLength31:10LabelCentury MediaProducer Pierre Remillard Cryptopsy Cryptopsy chronology None So Vile(1996) Whisper Supremacy(1998) ...And Then You'll Beg(2000) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1]Sputnikmusic[2] Whisper Supremacy is the third studi...

 

Regina's Song

Regina's Song, written by David and Leigh Eddings, is a murder mystery novel, with some fantasy themes present as well. The story takes place in Seattle, Washington. Regina's Song First editionAuthorDavid EddingsCountryUSALanguageEnglishGenreMysteryPublisherDel ReyPublication date2002Media typePrint ( )Pages432 (hardback)ISBN0-345-55898-7OCLC51391708Preceded bynone Followed bynone  The story involves the murder of an identical twin. Regina and Renata are so identical ...

Mangalore Airport (Victoria)

For the airport in India, see Mangalore International Airport. Airport in Mangalore, VictoriaMangalore AirportIATA: HEMSICAO: YMNGSummaryAirport typePublicOperatorMangalore Airport Pty LtdLocationMangalore, VictoriaElevation AMSL467 ft / 142 mCoordinates36°53′18″S 145°11′03″E / 36.88833°S 145.18417°E / -36.88833; 145.18417MapYMNGLocation in VictoriaRunways Direction Length Surface m ft 05/23 2,027 6,650 Asphalt 18/36 1,461 4,793 Asphalt Sourc...

 

射速

此條目需要擴充。 (2012年7月4日)请協助改善这篇條目，更進一步的信息可能會在討論頁或扩充请求中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。 射率（Rate of fire，简称RoF），又稱射擊率、射擊速率或射速，是武器在单位时间内能发射的弹数，其單位通常以「每分钟发射量」[1]（rounds per minute，縮寫RPM）或「每秒鐘發射量」（rounds per second，縮寫RPS）來表示。 測量方式 循環...

 

Adriaan van der Meijden

Adriaan van der Meijden was een koopman in dienst van de VOC. Vanaf 1658 was hij raad van Indië en van 1653 tot 1662 de vijfde gouverneur van Ceylon Biografie Paliacatta en Fort Geldria Van der Meijden ging in 1633 als lichtmatroos op het schip 'Wapen van Rotterdam' naar Azië.[1] Hij werkte daarna in Paliacatta (Pulicat), het toenmalige hoofdkwartier van de VOC aan de Coromandelkust, waar fort Geldria stond en de gouverneur zetelde. De voornaamste handelsproducten waren hier katoene...

Vdk bank

Belgian commercial bank Vdk bank head office in Ghent vdk bank, formerly VDK Spaarbank, is a Belgian commercial bank.[1] Vdk bank is a Belgian ethical bank, of which the direct predecessor was founded in the bosom of the active workers' movement. The bank has been the principal commercial sponsor of the football team KAA Gent and the female volleyballteam VDK bank Gent. History In 1926, the public savings system was founded in Ghent. A network was built by managing members, such as te...

 

Runestone

Raised stone with a runic inscription The Lingsberg Runestone, Sweden, known as U 240 An early runestone: the Möjbro Runestone from Hagby (first placed near Möjebro), Uppland, Sweden. As with other early runic inscriptions, (e.g. Kylver Stone from about 300–400 CE) this is written from right to left, while later Runestones were written from left to right.[citation needed] The text is Frawaradaz anahaha is laginaz.[1] A runestone is typically a raised stone with a runic ins...

 

Vice presidential candidacy of Sarah Palin

Vice presidential nomineeSarah PalinAlaskaPresidential nomineeJohn McCainArizona Sarah Palin's candidacy for Vice President of the United States was publicly announced by then-presumptive Republican Party presidential candidate John McCain on August 29, 2008. As part of the McCain presidential campaign, Palin, then the incumbent Governor of Alaska, was officially nominated by acclamation at the 2008 Republican National Convention on September 3. The McCain–Palin ticket lost the 2008 preside...

3rd Division (Reichswehr)

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 3rd Division Reichswehr – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 3rd Division3. DivisionActive1921–1934DisbandedOctober 1934Country Weimar RepublicBranch ReichsheerTypeInfant...

 

HairClub

American hair restoration company HairClubFormerlyHair Club for MenIndustryHair restorationFounded1976FounderSy Sperling[1] HairClub (formerly Hair Club for Men, also Hair Club for Men and Women) is an American hair restoration, hair regrowth, and hair replacement company with locations in the United States and Canada. History HairClub was founded in 1976 by Seymour Sy Sperling (June 25, 1941 – February 19, 2020), who famously quipped “I’m not only the Hair Club president, but I...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!