Edmond Jules René Jouhaud (French pronunciation:[ɛdmɔ̃ʒuo]; 2 April 1905 – 4 September 1995) was one of four French generals who briefly staged a putsch in Algeria in April 1961.
Early life
Edmond Jouhaud was born on 2 April 1905 in French Algeria.[1] He was a descendant of early Algerian pioneers from Limoges, in France.
He had served as air force commander during France's war in Indochina and air force chief of staff in Algeria. He left the air force in 1960 and allied himself with French Army Gen. Raoul Salan, who shared his hatred for de Gaulle. Generals Maurice Challe and Andre Zeller joined them in a group that seized power in Algiers April 21, 1961, after de Gaulle agreed to negotiate on Algerian independence with National Liberation Front guerrillas. In Paris, the government handed out weapons in the streets and told citizens to be ready for an invasion of rebel troops from North Africa. But the coup fizzled in five days. Gen. Jouhaud went underground in the OAS—Organization Armee Secrete—which waged a campaign of killings and bombings in Algeria and mainland France, including several plots to kill de Gaulle.[4]
Jouhaud was captured in March 1962 and sentenced to death by a military court.[3] However, after his OAS superior, Salan, only received a life sentence, opinion turned against executing him.[5] He called for the remaining activists of OAS to end their terrorist campaign, and, after a harrowing five-month period of uncertainty, his sentence was commuted by Charles de Gaulle.[3] Salan was released from prison in December 1967, and pardoned in 1968.[6] He was rehabilitated by a law passed in 1982 under the presidency of François Mitterrand.
Jouhaud was one of the most decorated officers in the French military prior to participating in the putsch.
