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Ecuadorian seedeater
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Cardinalidae
Genus:	Amaurospiza
Species:	A. aequatorialis
Binomial name
	Amaurospiza aequatorialis; Sharpe, 1888

The Ecuadorian seedeater (Amaurospiza aequatorialis) is a species of bird in the cardinal family Cardinalidae that the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) accepted as a species in 2015. (But see the taxonomy section below.) It is found in the Andes in southwestern Colombia through Ecuador to northern Peru.^[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

The Ecuadorian seedeater was formally described in 1888 by the English ornithologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe based on specimens collected in Ecuador. He coined the binomial name Amaurospiza aequatorialis.^[2] The specific epithet is Late Latin for "equatorial", a name commonly used for species from Ecuador, ecuador means "equator" in Spanish.^[3]

In 2015 the IOC split the subspecies Amaurospiza concolor aequatorialis from the blue seedeater (Amaurospiza concolor sensu lato) as the Ecuadorian seedeater (Amaurospiza aequatorialis) and renamed A. concolor Cabanis's seedeater. The decision was based on a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014.^[1]^[4] However, the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) had previously rejected the split, and as of May 2021 the AOS North American Committee has not considered it and the Clements taxonomy has not adopted it.^[5]^[6]^[7] Confusingly, BirdLife International uses the scientific name A. moesta for blue seedeater, but the IOC, AOS, and Clements assign that binomial to blackish-blue seedeater. The BirdLife account encompasses what are now Cabanis's, Ecuadorian, and blackish-blue seedeaters.^[8]^[9]^[5]^[7]

The Ecuadorian seedeater is monotypic.^[9]

Description

The male Ecuadorian seedeater is mostly a pale slate blue; its crown is a lighter indigo. The female's upperparts are cinnamon and the underparts tawny.^[10]

Distribution and habitat

The Ecuadorian seedeater is found on the west slope of the Andes from southwestern Colombia's Nariño Department through western and central Ecuador into northern Peru, perhaps as far south as the Department of Piura. It inhabits openings in and edges of humid montane and secondary forest and is closely associated with bamboo. In elevation it ranges mostly from 1,100 to 2,300 m (3,600 to 7,500 ft) and locally as low as 800 m (2,600 ft).^[10]

Behavior

Feeding

The Ecuadorian seedeater's diet includes insects, seeds, and bamboo shoots.^[10]

Breeding

No information about the Ecuadorian seedeater' breeding phenology has been published.

Vocalization

An example of the Ecuadorian seedeater's song is [1]. Its call is [2].

Status

The IUCN has not assessed the Ecuadorian seedeater.

References

^ ^a ^b Gill, F.; Donsker, D. (April 2015). "IOC World Bird List (v 5.2)". Retrieved 16 May 2021.
^ Sharpe, R. Bowdler (1888). Catalogue of the Passeriformes or Perching Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphae Part 1. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. 12. London: Trustees of the British Museum. p. 157.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Bryson, R.W. Jr; Chaves, J.; Smith, B.T.; Miller, M.J.; Winker, K.; Pérez-Emán, J.L.; Klicka, K. (2014). "Diversification across the New World within the 'blue' cardinalids (Aves: Cardinalidae)". Journal of Biogeography. 41: 587–599 [590]. doi:10.1111/jbi.12218.
^ ^a ^b Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm Retrieved 19 January 2021
^ "Check-list of North and Middle American Birds". American Ornithological Society. 30 June 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
^ ^a ^b Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved 15 August 2019
^ BirdLife International. (2018). "'Amaurospiza moesta'". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T105965570A132047632. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T105965570A132047632.en. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
^ ^a ^b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (January 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.1)". Retrieved 14 January 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ramos-Ordoñez, M. F., C. I. Rodríguez-Flores, C. A. Soberanes-González, M. d. C. Arizmendi, A. Jaramillo, and T. S. Schulenberg (2020). Blue Seedeater (Amaurospiza concolor), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.blusee1.01 Retrieved 16 May 2021