The Dulkadirids were the last of the Anatolian emirates to yield to the Ottomans, managing to remain independent until 1521, and were not fully incorporated into the empire until 1530.[3]
It is unclear when the eyalet was formed. Contemporary Ottoman historian Ibn Kemal explained that the territory formerly ruled by Ali was divided into five sanjaks with governors appointed by the central government with no mention of the appointment of a beylerbey. The province was described as vilayet, a region instead of an eyalet, by the 1526 icmaldefter. A record, thought to be from 1527, listed Marash as part of Karaman Eyalet, while Bozok belonged to Rum Eyalet. Dulkadir Eyalet was likely established shortly after the grand vizierPargalı Ibrahim Pasha extinguished the Kalenderoghlu revolt the same year and took administrative precautions to maintain order in the realm. Historian Celalzade [tr] attests to the beylerbey of Dulkadir in Tabakātü'l-memâlik in 1538.[4]
In the early 16th century, a significant portion of the province's population was composed of nomadic Turkmens of the Dulkadir tribe. According to the 1526 icmal defter, the region consisted of 69,481 households (approximately 350,000 people), 48,665 (about 245,000 people), 18,158, and 2,631 of whom were Dulkadir nomads, settled Muslims, and Christians, respectively. The region included 523 villages, 3412 hamlets, 62 farms, 64 kishlaks (winter pastures), and 35 yaylaks (summer pastures).[4]
The population of the eyalet increased in 1570–1580, when it housed 113,028 households (approximately 550,000 people), 70,368, 38,497, and 4163 of whom were settled Muslims, nomads, and Christians, respectively. Around those times, the province had 2169 sworded timars and 5500 levy. During the 17th century, it increased to 2869 sworded timar and 6800 levy.[4]
Notes
^Range or lists of the years of censuses and sources that classified the sanjak as part of Dulkadir Eyalet.
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