Draft:Michael Sandow

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Draft:Michael Sandow
  • Comment: This academic has had some decent achievements, but I'm not seeing anything here that explicitly passes WP:NPROF Sulfurboy (talk) 20:45, 17 August 2026 (UTC)



Michael Sandow
BMBS, FAOrthA, PhD
EducationFlinders University
AwardsESR Hughes Award (2014)
Scientific career
FieldsOrthopedic surgery, hand surgery, wrist biomechanics
InstitutionsAdelaide University
Thesis Can the wrist be explained? The application of computer-based quantitative analysis to explain carpal biomechanics and identify therapeutic solutions for wrist dysfunction  (2020)

Michael John Sandow is an orthopaedic surgeon and clinical professor at Adelaide University.[1][2] His research has included wrist biomechanics, scapholunate reconstruction, costal osteochondral grafting, flexor tendon repair, rotator cuff repair and shoulder arthroplasty.[3][4][5][6][7]

Sandow was president of the Shoulder and Elbow Society of Australia from 2014 to 2016 and president of the Australian Hand Surgery Society from 2018 to 2020.[8][9] In 2014, he received the ESR Hughes Award from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and the Medal for Meritorious Service from the Australian Orthopaedic Association.[10][11]

Academic and professional career

Sandow completed a Doctor of Philosophy by prior publication at Flinders University in 2020. His thesis, Can the wrist be explained? The application of computer-based quantitative analysis to explain carpal biomechanics and identify therapeutic solutions for wrist dysfunction, concerned the use of computer-based quantitative methods to investigate carpal mechanics and wrist dysfunction.[12]

He served as president of the Shoulder and Elbow Society of Australia between 2014 and 2016.[8] He later served as president of the Australian Hand Surgery Society from 2018 to 2020.[9]

Sandow has also held editorial roles with the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. A 2001 journal masthead identified him as the editor responsible for Australia, and a later masthead listed him among the journal's associate editors.[13][14] A history of the journal published for its twentieth anniversary stated that Sandow succeeded David Sonnabend in handling Australian submissions and reviews.[15] He continues to be listed by the journal's publisher as an associate editor.[16]

Research

Wrist biomechanics and scapholunate reconstruction

In 2014, Sandow, Thomas Fisher, Carl Howard and Sam Papas described a computational model of carpal mechanics referred to as the stable central column theory. The study used three-dimensional models derived from computed tomography scans of ten wrists and examined isometric relationships among the carpal bones during movement.[3] The authors proposed rules-based motion and isometric constraints as a framework for describing carpal mechanics.[3]

The model was subsequently discussed in other studies of carpal kinematics. A later computational study described the stable central column theory as a model based on ligament isometry in an in-vivo dataset, while noting that the original work involved ten wrists and one specific wrist-motion task.[17] A separate four-dimensional computed-tomography study of 20 uninjured participants reported differing magnitudes of rotation among the bones of the proximal carpal row during flexion and extension, while rotation in the distal carpal row was more similar throughout the range of movement.[18]

Sandow and Fisher later reported a combined anterior and posterior reconstruction for chronic scapholunate dissociation, termed anatomical front and back reconstruction (ANAFAB). Their initial clinical report described outcomes in ten patients.[19]

A 2021 cadaveric study compared ANAFAB with three-ligament tenodesis and reduction and association of the scaphoid and lunate. The three procedures produced different changes in carpal alignment; in that experiment, ANAFAB significantly improved dorsal scaphoid translation, whereas the other two procedures did not.[20]

A retrospective comparison published in 2024 found that ANAFAB maintained improvements in scapholunate gap, corrected radiolunate angle and dorsal scaphoid translation at 52 weeks. The same study found no sustained improvement in those measurements with three-ligament tenodesis and classified its evidence as Level IV.[21]

Costal osteochondral grafting

In 1998, Sandow reported a prospective series of 22 patients in which a deficient proximal pole of the scaphoid was reconstructed with a rib bone-and-cartilage autograft. At a median follow-up of 24 months, the study reported increases in wrist motion and grip strength and reductions in pain.[4]

Later reviews of costal cartilage transplantation cited Sandow's study as an example of costal osteochondral grafting used to reconstruct the proximal scaphoid after fracture or necrosis.[22][23]

Shoulder arthroplasty

Sandow has also conducted research on shoulder replacement for osteoarthritis. In a randomized study with long-term follow-up, Sandow, Huw David and Steven Bentall compared hemiarthroplasty with total shoulder replacement in patients with an intact rotator cuff.[7] A 2020 evidence review prepared for the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence included this study among three randomized controlled trials comparing humeral hemiarthroplasty with conventional total shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritis with an intact or attenuated rotator cuff.[24]

Sandow and colleagues have also studied porous-metal glenoid augments in anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for posterior glenoid bone loss.[25] A 2024 systematic review of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for B2 glenoids included this work in its assessment of posterior augmented glenoid components and reported lower prosthesis-related complication rates in more recent studies, while noting the need for longer-term follow-up.[26]

Rotator cuff repair

Sandow and Christine Schutz evaluated an arthroscopic transosseous knotless anchor (ATOK) for rotator cuff repair in a prospective study of 15 patients over the age of 60. At a minimum follow-up of 24 months, one patient had a complete retear and four had partial retears. The study reported no anchor displacement, osteolysis, neurological complications or complications attributed to the technique.[6]

A 2022 review of suture-anchor pullout in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair discussed ATOK among techniques intended to address anchor pullout. The review noted that no anchor displacement or pullout occurred among the 15 patients in the Sandow and Schutz study, while stating that larger randomized controlled trials would be needed to evaluate the approach further.[27]

Flexor tendon repair

In 2011, Sandow and Michael McMahon described a single-cross-grasp four-strand flexor tendon repair, referred to in the literature as the Adelaide repair.[5]

A 2015 biomechanical comparison of the modified Kessler, Lahey, Adelaide and Becker repairs found that the Adelaide repair had the greatest stiffness of the four methods tested. Suture pull-out occurred in 4% of the Adelaide specimens in that experiment.[28]

A 2025 biomechanical study comparing four-strand flexor tendon repairs reported that the Adelaide method required the greatest maximum force to failure and the greatest force to produce a 2 mm gap among the methods examined.[29]

A 2024 survey distributed through the British Society for Surgery of the Hand reported that four-strand cruciate and Adelaide repairs together accounted for 49% of the tendon-repair techniques used by respondents.[30]

Honours

In 2014, the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons presented Sandow with the ESR Hughes Award, an award given for distinguished contributions to surgery.[10] In the same year, the Australian Orthopaedic Association awarded him its Medal for Meritorious Service, which the association gives for sustained contributions to the Organization.[11]

References

  1. ^ "Prof Michael Sandow, Clinical Professor". Adelaide University. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  2. ^ "Orthopaedic Surgery". Royal Adelaide Hospital. Government of South Australia. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  3. ^ a b c Sandow, M. J.; Fisher, T. J.; Howard, C. Q.; Papas, S. (2014). "Unifying model of carpal mechanics based on computationally derived isometric constraints and rules-based motion – the stable central column theory". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 39 (4): 353–363. doi:10.1177/1753193413505407. PMID 24072199.
  4. ^ a b Sandow, M. J. (1998). "Proximal scaphoid costo-osteochondral replacement arthroplasty". Journal of Hand Surgery: British and European Volume. 23 (2): 201–208. doi:10.1016/S0266-7681(98)80175-7. PMID 9607660.
  5. ^ a b Sandow, M. J.; McMahon, M. (2011). "Active mobilisation following single cross grasp four-strand flexor tenorrhaphy (Adelaide repair)". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 36 (6): 467–475. doi:10.1177/1753193411405937. PMID 21502306.
  6. ^ a b Sandow, Michael J.; Schutz, Christine R. (2020). "Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using a transosseous knotless anchor (ATOK)". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 29 (3): 527–533. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2019.07.017. PMID 31563504.
  7. ^ a b Sandow, Michael J.; David, Huw; Bentall, Steven J. (2013). "Hemiarthroplasty vs total shoulder replacement for rotator cuff intact osteoarthritis: how do they fare after a decade?". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 22 (7): 877–885. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2012.10.023. PMID 23333174.
  8. ^ a b "About the Shoulder and Elbow Society of Australia". Shoulder and Elbow Society of Australia. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  9. ^ a b "The History of The Australian Hand Surgery Society". Australian Hand Surgery Society. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  10. ^ a b "ESR Hughes Award". Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  11. ^ a b "AOA Honours and Awards". Australian Orthopaedic Association. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  12. ^ Sandow, Michael John (2020). Can the wrist be explained? The application of computer-based quantitative analysis to explain carpal biomechanics and identify therapeutic solutions for wrist dysfunction (PDF) (PhD thesis). Flinders University. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  13. ^ "Editorial board". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2001. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  14. ^ "Editorial board". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  15. ^ Mallon, Bill (2012). "The first 20 years of the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  16. ^ "Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery". Elsevier. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  17. ^ "Predicting Carpal Bone Kinematics Using an Expanded Digital Database of Wrist Carpal Bone Anatomy and Kinematics". Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  18. ^ Norman, Elizabeth; Mistry, Manisha R.; Lalone, Emily; Suh, Nina (2025). "A Kinematic Analysis of Wrist and Carpal Function Using Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Technology: A Dynamic Perspective". The Journal of Hand Surgery. 50 (3): 374.e1–374.e6. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2023.07.011. PMID 37598324.
  19. ^ Sandow, M.; Fisher, T. (2020). "Anatomical anterior and posterior reconstruction for scapholunate dissociation: preliminary outcome in ten patients". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 45 (4): 389–395. doi:10.1177/1753193419886536. PMID 31718405.
  20. ^ Burnier, Marion; Jethanandani, Rishabh; Pérez, Alfonso; Meyers, Kate; Lee, Steve K.; Wolfe, Scott W. (2021). "Comparative Analysis of 3 Techniques of Scapholunate Reconstruction for Dorsal Intercalated Segment Instability". The Journal of Hand Surgery. 46 (11): 980–988. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.05.030. PMID 34332817.
  21. ^ Yang, Brian W.; Victoria, Christian; Lee, Steve K.; Wolfe, Scott W. (2024). "Anatomical front and back reconstruction sustains radiographic alignment: a comparison to three-ligament tenodesis". Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 49 (1): 60–65. doi:10.1177/17531934231192343. PMID 37751490.
  22. ^ Gao, Youshui; Gao, Junjie; Li, Hengyuan; Du, Dajiang; Jin, Dongxu; Zheng, Minghao; Zhang, Changqing (2019). "Autologous costal chondral transplantation and costa-derived chondrocyte implantation: emerging surgical techniques". Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease. 11: 1–16. doi:10.1177/1759720X19877131. PMC 6759717. PMID 31579403.
  23. ^ Wei, Yuxuan; Guo, Hao; Chen, Zhuhong; Sun, Nian; Zeng, Canjun (2024). "Autologous Costal Chondral/Osteochondral Transplantation and Costa-Derived Chondrocyte Implantation for Articular Cartilage Repair: Basic Science and Clinical Applications". Orthopaedic Surgery. 16 (3): 523–531. doi:10.1111/os.13992. PMC 10925498. PMID 38272834.
  24. ^ National Guideline Centre (2020). "Hemiarthroplasty versus conventional versus reverse total shoulder arthroplasty". Evidence review for shoulder replacement – intact rotator cuff. NICE Guideline No. 157. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Retrieved 18 August 2026.
  25. ^ Sandow, M. J.; Tu, C. G. (2020). "Porous metal wedge augments to address glenoid retroversion in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty: midterm update". Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 29 (9): 1821–1830. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2020.01.101. PMID 32305149.
  26. ^ Hollo, David; Raniga, Sumit; Cadosch, Dieter; Müller, Andreas M.; Bokor, Desmond J. (2024). "Improved surgical techniques and outcomes with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty managing B2 glenoids in midterm-follow-up: a systematic review". Obere Extremität. 19 (1): 44–53. doi:10.1007/s11678-023-00780-6.
  27. ^ Li, Xiangwei; Xiao, Yujia; Shu, Han; Sun, Xianding; Nie, Mao (2022). "Risk Factors and Corresponding Management for Suture Anchor Pullout during Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11 (22) 6870. doi:10.3390/jcm11226870. PMC 9699024. PMID 36431347.
  28. ^ Jordan, Martin C.; Schmitt, Vanessa; Jansen, Hendrik; Meffert, Rainer H.; Hoelscher-Doht, Stefanie (2015). "Biomechanical Analysis of the Modified Kessler, Lahey, Adelaide, and Becker Sutures for Flexor Tendon Repair". The Journal of Hand Surgery. 40 (9): 1812–1817. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2015.05.032. PMID 26211716.
  29. ^ Abdullah, Shalimar; Lingam, Rahul; Gryczewski, Walter; Mollah, Md Rayhan Ali; Soh, Elaine; Sapuan, Jamari; Faisal, Tanvir Rahman; Moni, Ahmed Suparno Bahar (2025). "Comparison between commonly practised techniques of flexor tendon repair considering the preferences of surgeons in Malaysia with biomechanical analysis". Journal of Orthopaedic Reports. 4 (1) 100538. doi:10.1016/j.jorep.2024.100538.
  30. ^ Xue, Ruikang; Wong, Jason; Imere, Angela; King, Heather; Clegg, Peter; Cartmell, Sarah (2024). "Current clinical opinion on surgical approaches and rehabilitation of hand flexor tendon injury—a questionnaire study". Frontiers in Medical Technology. 6 1269861. doi:10.3389/fmedt.2024.1269861. PMC 10902169. PMID 38425421.

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