Draft:Egressibility
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Egressibility is a concept in fire safety engineering and accessibility research that describes the accessibility of means of evacuation for people with different functional abilities. The concept considers the interaction between individuals and their environment during emergency evacuation, including personal abilities, environmental barriers, evacuation procedures, and available support systems.
The concept was introduced by Guylène Proulx and collaborators in research examining the evacuation challenges faced by people with disabilities. Proulx and Pineau highlighted that achieving equal levels of life safety requires considering not only building design and evacuation systems, but also the characteristics, needs, and behaviours of occupants. The concept was subsequently described as "accessibility to a means of evacuation", extending the principles of accessibility into emergency situations.[1]
Subsequent research developed egressibility as a person–environment fit concept. Unlike accessibility, which traditionally concerns the ability to access and use environments under normal conditions, egressibility focuses on the ability to reach safety during emergencies. It considers how functional abilities, such as mobility, vision, hearing, cognition, and communication, interact with environmental demands during evacuation.[2]
Research led by Enrico Ronchi and collaborators at Lund University further developed the concept by integrating perspectives from fire safety engineering, disability research, and ageing studies. The project Building Egressibility in an Ageing Society investigated how functional limitations influence evacuation possibilities and applied the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework developed by the World Health Organization to analyse the relationship between individuals and evacuation environments.[3]
The concept was further operationalised through the development of the Egress Enabler, an instrument designed to measure egressibility in public buildings. The instrument evaluates the interaction between functional limitations and environmental barriers affecting evacuation. Research introducing the Egress Enabler defined egressibility as a person–environment fit issue and highlighted its relevance for people with functional limitations, while recognising that egressibility concerns all building occupants.[2]
Further research investigated the perspectives of older people with functional limitations regarding evacuation. Smedberg et al. explored egressibility through interviews with older people with functional limitations and identified factors affecting evacuation experiences, including difficulties for others to understand functional limitations, individual strategies used to manage barriers, and uncertainty regarding evacuation possibilities. The study highlighted the importance of considering both individual capabilities and environmental or social factors that may facilitate or hinder evacuation.[4]
Recent research has expanded egressibility through participatory approaches. Gachuche and Beshir reviewed participatory research in egressibility studies and examined how people with functional limitations have been involved in evacuation research. Their work highlighted the importance of involving affected communities in identifying evacuation barriers and developing inclusive solutions.[5]
Egressibility research aims to support inclusive evacuation design, including evacuation systems that consider diverse populations, performance-based fire safety engineering approaches, evacuation models representing heterogeneous occupants, and emergency procedures that provide equitable access to safety.
The concept is further investigated within the ERC-funded project Egressibility: a paradigm shift in evacuation research, which aims to develop new approaches for inclusive emergency evacuation through empirical research, virtual reality, computational modelling, and data-driven methods.[6]
References
- ^ Proulx, Guylène; Pineau, Jean. Review of Evacuation Strategies for Occupants with Disabilities (Report). National Research Council Canada, Institute for Research in Construction.
- ^ a b Smedberg, Erik; Slaug, Björn; Carlsson, Gunilla; Gefenaite, Giedrė; Schmidt, Steven M.; Ronchi, Enrico (2023). "The Egress Enabler: Development and psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure egressibility". Disability and Health Journal. 16 (1) 101396. doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101396. PMID 36372652.
- ^ Ronchi, Enrico; Smedberg, Erik; Slaug, Björn; Carlsson, Gunilla; Gefenaite, Giedrė; Schmidt, Steven M.; Bukvic, Olga; Norin, Lena (2022). Building Egressibility in an Ageing Society (Report). Lund University.
- ^ Smedberg, Erik; Carlsson, Gunilla; Gefenaite, Giedrė; Slaug, Björn; Schmidt, Steven M.; Ronchi, Enrico (2022). "Perspectives on egressibility of older people with functional limitations". Fire Safety Journal. 127 103509. Bibcode:2022FirSJ.12703509S. doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103509.
- ^ Gachuche, Jane; Beshir, Mohamed (2026). ""Nothing about us without us": A Scoping Review of Participatory Research in Egressibility Studies". Fire Safety Journal. 163 104788. Bibcode:2026FirSJ.16304788G. doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2026.104788.
- ^ "Egressibility: a paradigm shift in evacuation research". European Commission CORDIS.
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