In association football, winning the top division and cup competition in the same season
This article is about "The Double" in football. For other uses, see Double.
The Double, in association football, is the achievement of winning a country's top tier division and its primary domestic cup competition in the same season. The lists in this article examine this definition of a double, while derivative sections examine much less frequent, continental instances. The Double can also mean beating a team both home and away in the same league season, a feat often noted as doing the double over a particular opponent.
Prior to the breakup of the Soviet Union, Armenian clubs were part of Soviet competition. Ararat Yerevan was one of just two non-Russian clubs to win the Soviet double, in 1973, with Nikita Simonyan at the helm. They also won the post-independence Armenian Double in 1993.
Manchester City won the double as part of the first-ever domestic treble for an English men's football team in 2018–19, and as part of a continental treble in 2022–23.
A national cup competition was introduced in Germany in 1935, and was known as the Tschammer-Pokal for the country's then minister of sport. Between 1935 and the suspension of cup play in 1944 because of World War II, the Double was won only once.
Play for what had become the DFB-Pokal was resumed following the war in 1953, and up until well after the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963, no club was able to complete the double. A new cup trophy was introduced as it was felt the previous one was associated with the Nazi period.
In the modern-day Bundesliga era, the double has been won by only five clubs. Bayern Munich holds the record, with 13.
Note: Bayern Munich's 2013 and 2020 doubles were part of the club's trebles which also included their UEFA Champions League victories.
East Germany (defunct)
Following World War II, a separate football competition emerged in the Soviet-occupied eastern area of Germany.
The first division DDR-Oberliga was active from 1947–48 to 1990–91 and saw the introduction of the FDGB-Pokal in 1949. The cup competition was not staged in the 1950–51 season and the transitional 1955 and 1961 seasons. Five doubles were won in East German competition:
Since the reunification of Germany, no former East German club has won either the Bundesliga title or the DFB Pokal (RB Leipzig having been founded in 2009); indeed, as of 2024, none of the aforementioned double winners are competing in the top flight.
Note: In 2006, Inter finished third in Serie A but were awarded the title as the highest placed club not to be involved in Calciopoli. The club's 2010 double was made the Treble with their UEFA Champions League victory.
Note: Žalgiris won domestic cup twice in 2016, due to format change.
Luxembourg
In Luxembourgianfootball, the Double is made up of the National Division title and the Luxembourg Cup. As there are no other senior football competitions in the country, and no club have never come close to winning any European tournament, the Double is the ultimate achievement for a Luxembourgian club in one season.
In Portugal, the Double is called "Dobradinha" and is achieved by winning the Primeira Liga and the Taça de Portugal. Only the "Big Three" have done so since the nationwide round-robin league competition was introduced in 1934.
Benfica holds the record of eleven Doubles. Sporting CP was the first side to achieve the Double, in 1941, and the most recent one was Porto, in 2022.
Note: Steaua București initially won the double in 1987–88 but voluntarily gave up their Cupa României title.
Russia
Four Russian teams achieved the Double of the Soviet Top League and the USSR Cup in the former Soviet Union. The final Soviet championship was contested in 1991 and, following the break-up of the Soviet Union, newly independent states organised their own national competitions, with UEFA regarding the Russian Premier League and the Russian Cup as the respective successors to the old Soviet league and USSR Cup.
The Svenska Cupen was not introduced until the 1941 season, while Allsvenskan started for the 1923–24 season. Svenska Cupen was also not played between 1954 and 1966. It should also be considered that winning Allsvenskan did not grant the title of Swedish champions until 1931 and between 1982 and 1992 when the title was given to the winner of other cup tournaments that were organized at the end of the league season.[1] The number of doubles for IFK Göteborg and Malmö FF are affected by this. IFK Göteborg won the Swedish Championship together with Svenska Cupen in one additional season to the table below, they won the two titles in 1983, a year when they did not win Allsvenskan. Additionally while Malmö won Allsvenskan in 1989, they were not Swedish Championships for that season as they did not win the play-off following the ordinary league play. All other teams in the table below won the Swedish Championship in their double-winning seasons. The latest club to win a double is Malmö FF who completed the feat in 2024. In 1982, IFK Göteborg also managed to combine its double with winning the UEFA Cup.
Note: Galatasaray's 2000 Double was part of the club's Minor treble which also included their UEFA Cup victory.
Ukraine
Prior to the breakup of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian clubs were part of Soviet competition. Since 1992, the country has had its own domestic competition. Dynamo Kyiv has four Soviet and nine Ukrainian Doubles among its honours.
In Wales, seven teams have won the Double of the Division One (1904–92) / Welsh Premier League (1992–present) and the Welsh Cup.
Achieving this and also winning the Welsh League Cup would make a domestic Treble. To date, two clubs have achieved the Treble. Rhyl achieved a domestic quadruple in 2003–04, winning the Welsh Premier, Welsh Cup, Welsh Premier League Cup and North Wales Challenge Cup. They narrowly missed out on a clean sweep of five trophies losing the Welsh Premier Cup Final to Wrexham.
Due to the large size of the country and the late development of the transportion and communication infrastructure needed to support it, a nationwide competition did not emerge until 1959. For 30 years, a domestic double was not possible since there existed only one national tournament. An exception was the 1967 season, when Palmeiras won the double consisting of the inaugural Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa and the final edition of the Taça Brasil.[2][3]
Top-level Canadian clubs either compete in the domestic Canadian Premier League (CPL), or Major League Soccer (MLS) of the United States. The Canadian Championship is the country's national cup and is contested between CPL teams, the three Canadian MLS teams, and the champions of the regional pro-am leagues.
For MLS teams, the Double may mean either the MLS Double, which is achieved by winning both the Supporters' Shield and the MLS Cup,[4] or a league/cup Double of either the MLS Cup or Supporters' Shield, in addition to the Canadian Championship.
Prior to 2023 the CPL Double would have been a CPL Championship and the Canadian Championship. With the introduction of the CPL Shield for the 2023 season the CPL Double now mirrors the MLS.
In the United States, the double consists of the MLS Cup and either the Supporters' Shield[4] or the U.S. Open Cup or Canadian Championship for United States and Canadian clubs, respectively. The double may also be a combination of any of the domestic cups mentioned above and the CONCACAF Champions League. No team based in the United States has achieved the domestic treble of both MLS honours and a domestic cup in the same season although Toronto FC, who play in MLS but are based in Canada, won a domestic treble in 2017.
The following is a list of doubles in the United States in the MLS era:
There is no currently sanctioned National Cup in the United States for women, so the only way to achieve the double in the United States is through a league double (winning the Shield or its equivalent for the best regular-season record, and the league championship).
Women's Professional Soccer, which operated from 2009 to 2011, had one club win both the regular season championship and the WPS Championship (the latter through the playoffs): During the 2011 Women's Professional Soccer season, the Western New York Flash had the best regular season record, and won in the Championship match on 27 August 2011 to win the WPS Championship and the double.
The National Women's Soccer League did not see a double in its first five seasons (2013–2017). However, in both its 2018 and 2019 seasons, the North Carolina Courage won both the NWSL Shield (awarded to the team with the best regular-season record) and the NWSL Championship (earned by winning in the NWSL Playoffs).
Between 1997 and 2014, Australia had no national cup competition so the traditional league and cup double could not be achieved. Since the formation of the A-League in 2004, a double could be accomplished by winning the Premiership in the regular league season and the Championship in the finals series. The feat of winning the minor premiership and the finals during the NSL era was not officially recognised as a 'double'.
From 2014–15, the FFA Cup takes place on an annual basis.
From 2003, the league system in the country was drastically restructured and saw the National Soccer League disband, with its teams now competing on a regional basis. The New Zealand Football Championship was formed and became the country's national league, exclusively run for franchised teams as opposed to the traditional clubs that competed in the National Soccer League.
As with most franchise leagues, the Football Championship was split into two phases; the Premiership during the regular season and the Championship during the finals phase, which was contested between the top four-placed teams of the Premiership phase. The franchises were ineligible to participate in the Chatham Cup. From 2021 onwards this system was replaced by the New Zealand National League, with the Chatham Cup as its primary cup, and the franchises were disbanded.
Due to the sporadic nature of football competitions in the country, with a league not in place until the 21st century, and only the United Football League (UFL) to last more than a season, and a national cup competition not being consistently held annually, achieving a double has been mostly impossible until recently. The establishment of the UFL in 2009 led to annual league and cup tournaments. The institution of the PFF National Men's Club Championship (the national cup) in 2011 (next held in 2013) after years of dormancy meant that a domestic treble could now be contested. In 2013, a super cup is expected to be played, paving the way for a UFL treble.
During the existence of the UFL from 2009 to 2016, a league double has been achieved thrice. A domestic double (a title each from the UFL and the PFF) or a domestic treble (a UFL double and a PFF title) has not been won.
A rarer (though less coveted) domestic double is that of winning the league championship and the league cup. In many leagues, this cannot be done as there is no second domestic cup competition (such as in Italy and the Netherlands) or it has been disbanded (such as in Spain and Denmark). The format of league cups and the number of participating teams can vary enormously from one country to another. In the case of Germany, the DFB-Ligapokal was played in the summer months prior to the Bundesliga and therefore was won in the preceding calendar year to the title win.
In 1976 as part of a domestic Quadruple with the Scottish Cup and the Glasgow Cup; in 1949, 1964, 1978, 1993, 1999 and 2003 as part of a domestic Treble with the Scottish Cup
In many countries, knock-out competitions exclusive to clubs outside the top division(s) also exist. This gives lower ranked clubs a chance to win a double. Examples include:
A Trans-state double occurs when a club wins a league and a cup which technically belong to two different countries and different associations. This usually happens as a result of a change in the political situation in the club's home country, or if the club has expatriated and is eligible to participate in the competitions of its native country and its adopted one.
In the same spirit as the European treble, the European double consists of winning the top tier European tournament (currently the UEFA Champions League) and domestic league title in a single season or calendar year. This has been achieved on 31 occasions by 16 clubs from 56 European competitions. Barcelona and Real Madrid has achieved this on the most occasions (5). Ajax and Real Madrid are the only teams that have successfully defended a European double. José Mourinho has the unique distinction of being one of two manager to achieve this double with two different clubs, having done so with Porto (2004) and Inter Milan (2010). Likewise, career rival Pep Guardiola achieved the same feat with Barcelona (2009) and Manchester City (2023). Additionally, both of Guardiola's doubles are also trebles as Barcelona won the Copa del Rey and City won the FA Cup in their respective seasons in addition to the two trophies.
The UEFA Europa League (formerly the UEFA Cup), with a domestic league title win, offers the chance for a club to win a lesser European double; but arguably a more prestigious achievement than a domestic double. This has been completed on fifteen occasions.
g In 1987, Göteborg finished third in the Allsvenskan. At this time, the title was decided by a play-off between the top four teams. They defeated first placed Malmö FF in the play-off final.
There are various possible combinations of winning two knock-out competitions.
Domestic cup double
A domestic cup double consists of winning both domestic cup competitions in a single season or calendar year (for seasons when this double was won in conjunction with the league title, see domestic treble). Examples include:
In 1976 as part of a domestic quadruple with the Scottish League and the Glasgow Cup; in 1949, 1964, 1978, 1993, 1999 and 2003 as part of a domestic treble with the Scottish League
There have been several occasions when a club has won its association's cup or league cup and a UEFA trophy but not its League title. For European cup doubles won in conjunction with the league title, see the treble.
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2023)
Other
A combination of domestic league or cup and a lesser domestic or continental trophy may be won in the same season. Examples include (this list does not include doubles achieved as part of a treble):
Espanyol won the Copa del Rey and Copa Catalunya in 2006. This would not normally be counted as a domestic cup double comparable to those mentioned above, as the latter competition is not nationwide or league-wide.
A national team's continental championship is not held in the same year as the FIFA World Cup (although the Africa Cup of Nations was held in the same year as the World Cup up until 2010), but one which wins both titles consecutively could be said to have "done the double".
As manager of Preston North End in 1888–89, William Sudell won the inaugural First Division title, going unbeaten in the league (22 games), and won the FA Cup without conceding a goal in that competition.
Two managers won the domestic double in three different countries:
Sven-Göran Eriksson, in Sweden, Portugal and Italy with IFK Göteborg (1981–82), Benfica (1982–83) and Lazio (1999–2000) respectively. This included back-to-back double wins in separate countries.
Massimiliano Allegri became the first manager in Italy to win the double four consecutive times, in 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17 and 2017–18, all with Juventus.
^"Svenska mästare 1896–1925, 1931–" [Swedish champions 1896–1925, 1931–]. svenskfotboll.se (in Swedish). The Swedish Football Association. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
^Hemzo, Miguel Angel; Pontes, Ricardo (26 May 2016). "Brazil Cup History". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
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