Delvinaki

Delvinaki Δελβινάκι
Municipal unit
Delvinaki Location within the regional unit
Coordinates: 39°56′N 20°28′E
Country	Greece
Administrative region	Epirus
Regional unit	Ioannina
Municipality	Pogoni
Districts	17
Area
• Municipal unit	255.835 km^2 (98.778 sq mi)
• Community	54.824 km^2 (21.168 sq mi)
Population  (2021)[1]
• Municipal unit	1,609
• Municipal unit density	6.3/km^2 (16/sq mi)
• Community	538
• Community density	9.8/km^2 (25/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code	440 04
Vehicle registration	IN

Delvinaki (Greek: Δελβινάκι) is a former municipality in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Pogoni, of which it is a municipal unit.^[2] The municipal unit has an area of 255.8 km², the community 54.8 km².^[3] In 2021 its population was 538 for the village and 1,609 for the municipal unit. Delvinaki is part of the traditional area of Pogoni.

Delvinaki lies along the GR-22/E853 road, which links Kalpaki with the Albanian border. The border crossing Kakavia is west of town.

Subdivisions

The municipal unit of Delvinaki is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):

• Agia Marina
• Argyrochori
• Charavgi
• Delvinaki
• Farangi (formerly Gouveri)^[4]
• Kastani
• Kerasovo
• Kryoneri
• Ktismata (Ktismata, Neochori)
• Limni
• Mavropoulo (Mavropoulo, Zavrocho, Chrysodouli)
• Oreino Xirovaltou (Oreino, Xirovaltos)
• Peristeri
• Pontikates
• Stratinista
• Teriachi (Teriachi, Stavrodromi)
• Vissani

Population

Year	Village population	Municipal unit population
1981	884	-
1991	922	-
2001	751	2,933
2011	772	2,540
2021	538	1,609

Etymology

According to linguist Konstantinos Oikonomou, Delvinaki is a Greek formation and derives from the toponym Delvino, with the Greek diminutive suffix ‑aki added to it; probably in order to differentiate it from the neighboring settlement of Delvinë. Furthermore, Oikonomou and Phaedon Malingoudis presented Delvino as deriving from the Slavic noun dьlva (Proto-Slavic *dьly) 'cauldron, pot', which is used in toponyms to denote a 'valley' or 'basin', and the Slavic suffix ‑ьnъ; the ь of the first syllable, denoting /ĭ/, was rendered as /e/ in Greek. Compare to the toponym Δηλίβινον, first attested in 996 northeast of Polygyros (Chalkidiki) in Greece, Delvino in southern Albania, as well as Delvino (Blagoevgrad Province) and Delvino (Kardzhali Province) in Bulgaria.^[5][6][7]

According to historians Konstantinos Vakalopoulos and Nikos Yfantis, Delvinaki derives from Albanian and means 'place of vineyards'.^[8][9]

History

From the 14th century to the beginning of Ottoman rule, Delvinaki was among the thriving settlements of the region together with nearby Dipalitsa, Kastaniani and Polytsiani.^[10] During the first decades of the 14th century, Albanians settled in the Pogoni region; their presence is evidenced through some place names, such as Gouveri (from gouva 'small pit') and Roumpates.^[8][9] The town was an important commercial centre during the Ottoman period.^[11] The church of the Dormition of the Theotokos in Delvinaki was erected in 1619.^[12] In the late 17th century, Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi passed through Delvinaki observing that it was a "prosperous" town on the border of the district of Pogoni, "inhabited by infidels all Albanians"; it contained 400 houses, 6000 fertile vineyards, 40-50 shops, 10 churches and 3 inns.^[13][14] Çelebi also noted that Delvinaki was a hass (revenue estate) of an Ottoman admiral and administered by a voivode with the settlement being "exempt from taxation and state interference."^[13] Those Albanian villagers who settled in the southern part of Pogoni were gradually assimilated by the Greek element.^[8] British traveler John Hobhouse noted in early 19th century that Delvinaki consisted of 300 dwellings inhabited by Greeks.^[15]

Delvinaki joined Greece after the Balkan Wars of 1913.

Culture

Delvinaki is home to Greek polyphonic singing and has a reach music tradition in the wider Pogoni region. It is one of the two main centres of folk music of Pogoni, the other being Parakalamos.^[11] An annual festival of polyphonic singing is held in August.^[12]

Notable people

• Petroloukas Chalkias, musician.
• Hatzimichalis Dalianis, hero of the Greek War of Independence.
• Evangelos Psimmas, (1905–1962), bishop of Ermoupoli.
• Konstantinos Iroklis Vasiadis, (1821–1890), scholar.

See also

• List of settlements in the Ioannina regional unit

References

1. "Αποτελέσματα Απογραφής Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2021, Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός κατά οικισμό" [Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024.
2. "ΦΕΚ B 1292/2010, Kallikratis reform municipalities" (in Greek). Government Gazette.
3. "Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)" (PDF) (in Greek). National Statistical Service of Greece. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-21.
4. "Πανδέκτης: Gkouvéri -- Farángion". Retrieved 2019-10-03. Pandektis: Name Changes of Settlements in Greece, compiled by the Institute for Neohellenic Research
5. Oikonomou, Konstantinos (2002). Τα οικωνύμια του νομού Ιωαννίνων: γλωσσολογική εξέταση (in Greek). Νομαρχιακή Αυτοδιοίκηση Ιωαννίνων. p. 94. doi:10.26268/heal.uoi.4968. ISBN 978-960-8316-01-0.
6. Malingoudis, Phaedon (1986). Vavřínek, Vladimír; Bláhová, E.; Češka, J.; Dostálová, R.; Havlík, L.; Havlíková, L.; Hrochová, V.; Kučera, M.; Richter, M.; Veselá, Zdenka (eds.). "J. Lefort, Villages de Macédoine. Notices historiques et topographiques sur la Macédoine orientale au Moyen Age. 1: La Chalcidique Occidentale". Byzantinoslavica (in German). 47 (1). Prague: Institute of Slavonic Studies: 71. ISSN 0007-7712.
7. Karagianni, Theodora (2012). "Πληθυσμιακές μετακινήσεις στην επαρχία Πωγωνίου". Πλυθησμιακές μετακινήσεις στο νομό Ιωαννίνων (20ός αιώνας) (MSc) (in Greek). University of Ioannina. p. 54 [58].
8. Vakalopoulos, Kōnstantinos Apostolou (2003). Historia tēs Ēpeirou: apo tis arches tēs Othōmanokratias hōs tis meres mas. Hērodotos. p. 322. ISBN 9607290976."Κατά τις πρώτες δεκαετίες του 14ου αιώνα τοποθετείται χρονικά η αλβανική διείσδυση στο χώρο της Πωγωνιανής, που μαρτυρείται και από ορισμένα τοπωνύμια όπως το Δελβινάκι (αμπελότοπος), το Γκουβέρι (γκούβα = κοίλωμα), αλλά και από τις μετακινήσείς αλβανικόν οικογενειών, οι οποίες εξισλαμήστικαν λόγω των σινθηκών που επικρατούσαν. Όσοι αλβανικοί πλιθυσμοί είηαν εγκατασταθεί στο νότιο τμήμα του Πωγωνίου, αφομοιώθηκαν βαθμιαία από το ελληνικό στοιχείο και εξελληνίστικαν. Όλες οι κοινότητες...."
9. Ifantis, Nikos Th. (2005). Η Πωγωνιανή - Παλιά Βοστίνα και τα Κοινοτικά Διαμερίσματα Δολό-Δρυμάδες-Σταυροσκιάδι. Διευρυμένη Κοινότητα Πωγωνιανής. p. 45. "όπως και από αλβανικές ονομασίες χωριών: Ρομπάτες (= ρόμπα, ένδυμα), Δελβινακίων (= αμπελότοπος), Γούβερη (Γούβα - Κοίλωμα) κ.λ.π."
10. Vakolopoulos, 2003, p. "Ορισμένα χωριά της Πωγωνιανής γνώρισαν κατά το 14ο κυρίως αιώνα και στις αρχές της Τουρκοκρατίας μεγάλη οικονομική ανάπτυξη. Τότε συγκροτούσαν αξιόλογες κωμοπόλεις και πόλεις με ιδιαίτερη εμπορική σημασία. Εκτός από την περίφημη εμποροπανήγυρη της Διπαλίτσας πραγματοποιούνταν κάθε εβδομάδα εμποροπανηγύρεις και στα γύρω αστικά κέντρα: στην Πολίτσιανη, στην Καστάνιανη και στο Δελβινάκι."
11. Μουσική από την Ήπειρο. Institution of the Hellenic Parliament. p. 47. ISBN 978-960-6757-07-5.
12. "Prefecture of Ioannina, Epirus-Greece" (PDF). Prefectural Committee of Tourist Promotion. 2008. p. 29. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
13. Dankoff, Robert; Elsie, Robert (2000). Evliya Çelebi in Albania and Adjacent Regions: Kossovo, Montenegro, Ohrid. Brill. p. 91. ISBN 9789004116245. "We returned by another road, passing through prosperous villages. After 4 hours of travelling westwards, we arrived at Delvinaki. It is a prosperous town on the border of the district of Pogonia and consists of 400 houses inhabited by infidels all Albanians and 6000 fertile vineyards. It has 40 to 50 shops, 10 churches and 3 hans. This town is a has belonging to the admiral of the Ottoman fleet and administered by a voyvoda. It is exempt from taxation and state interference."
14. Kokolakis, Mihalis (2003). Το ύστερο Γιαννιώτικο Πασαλίκι: χώρος, διοίκηση και πληθυσμός στην τουρκοκρατούμενη Ηπειρο (1820–1913) [The late Pashalik of Ioannina: Space, administration and population in Ottoman ruled Epirus (1820–1913)]. Athens: EIE-ΚΝΕ. p. 48. ISBN 960-7916-11-5. "Το 1670 στο Δελβινάκι του Πωγωνιού, κατά τον Εβλιγιά Τσελεμπή (1928, σ. 682), «όλοι οι άπιστοι είναι Αρβανίτες»."
15. Vakolopoulos, 2003, p. 323: "Ο Hobhouse αναφέρει ότι στο Δελβινάκι υπήρχαν 300 ελληνικά σπίτια"