Deep strike campaign

Deep strike campaign

Deep strike campaign
This article is about Ukraine's long-range drone campaign (200+ km). For Ukraine's mid-range drone campaign (25–200 km), see Middle strike campaign.

Deep strike campaign
Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War

Fire at the Moscow Oil Refinery in Kapotnya, photographed from Moscow's Brateevo district on 18 June 2026, following a Ukrainian strike[1]
Date2024 – present (2 years)
Location
Russian Federation
Result Ongoing
Belligerents
 Ukraine  Russia
Commanders and leaders
Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy (Commander-in-Chief)
Ukraine Oleksandr Syrskyi (Commander-in-Chief, Armed Forces of Ukraine)
Ukraine Robert "Madyar" Brovdi (Commander, Unmanned Systems Forces)[2]		 Russia Vladimir Putin (Commander-in-Chief)
Russia Andrei Belousov (Minister of Defence)
Units involved

Ukraine Ukrainian Armed Forces

Russia Russian Armed Forces

Strength
~200–300 long-range drones launched per night (June 2026)
2,359 deep-strike missions in June 2026, targeting sites 500–2,000 km behind the front line[4]

The deep strike campaign,[5][6][7][8][9] or long-range strike campaign[10][8][11] is a military campaign by the Defence Forces of Ukraine[a] against the logistics of the Russian Federation and the Russian Armed Forces. The campaign involves long-range drone strikes and missile strikes inside Russia, mainly targeting the oil industry and the arms industry. The goal is to undermine Russia's economic ability to continue waging its war against Ukraine.[b] It is part of a broader wave of Ukrainian attacks inside Russia in response to the 2022 invasion.

Overview

"Deep strike" refers to the range of 200 to 1500+ kilometres, for which specialised deep-strike or long-range one-way attack drones have been developed by Ukraine, especially unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) such as:

Certain cruise missiles built by Ukraine or supplied by Ukraine's allies also take part in the deep strike campaign. Although these tend to be much more expensive, and easier to intercept, they carry larger warheads and thus present a greater threat to potential Russian targets:

There are also several types of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) deployed by the Ukrainian Navy and Ukrainian Marine Corps on the Black Sea against Russia's Black Sea Fleet:[c]

  • MAGURA V5 – Ukrainian unmanned boat
  • Sea Baby – Ukrainian unmanned surface vehicle

Objectives

The primary targets of Ukraine's deep strike campaign have been the petroleum industry in Russia and military assets of the Russian Armed Forces,[5][6][16] as well as ports and airports.[17][18] The export of hydrocarbons, mostly oil and gas, has been the Russian government's main source of revenue used for military spending on the war.[19] A secondary objective has been to put pressure on the civilian population of Russia (also called "bringing the war back to Russia"), which through a mixture of acquiescence and participation keeps enabling the Kremlin's military aggression against Ukraine.[20]

History

Summary of 2022–2026

The deep strike campaign began in early 2024, with a few dozen pilotless aircraft per month.[13] By June 2026, Ukraine was launching an average of 200 to 300 drones against targets in the Russian Federation every night, divided in several groups per strike.[13]

War
year		 Number of strikes on
Russia's oil facilities[21]
In year Cumulative
1st 3 3
2nd 13 16
3rd 92 108
4th 138 246
Feb '26–
Jun '26 		59 305

According to a 25 June 2026 analysis by CNN, Ukraine had struck Russian oil facilities over 300 times since the start of Russia's full-scale invasion on 24 February 2022.[21] Only 3 strikes were performed in the first year of the war (February 2022 to February 2023), with an additional 13 in the second year. Ukraine's attacks on Russia's oil infrastructure only really took off in 2024, with a cumulative total of 108 hits after three years of war, 246 after four years, and a total of 305 strikes when including 24 February 2022 to 25 June 2026.[21]

In 2025

A substantial increase in targeted attacks by Ukraine on Russian energy infrastructure began in the second half of 2025. According to media reports, Ukraine carried out over a dozen drone attacks on Russian oil infrastructure between 2 and 24 August, the majority of them striking facilities in Ryazan Oblast and Volgograd Oblast in southwestern Russia. On 27 August, Ukrainian media reported that the Ryazan refinery, one of the main fuel arteries to Moscow, had been struck by a powerful explosion. Boris Aronstein, an independent oil and gas analyst, said that the Ukrainian drone strikes had caused "the most severe crisis in recent years", adding that the size, coordination and repeated waves of the drones makes Russia unable to repair the refineries before the next attack occurs.[22] According to Reuters, Crimea and Russia's far east were the first territories to experience gasoline shortages in August.[23]

2025–2026 Ukrainian strikes
on Russia's oil industry
Map
About OpenStreetMaps
Maps: terms of use
700km
435miles
25
25 Krasnodar
25 Krasnodar
24
Ilsky
24 Ilsky
24 Ilsky
23
Kuibyshev        
23 Kuibyshev refinery
23 Kuibyshev refinery
22
Afipsky
22 Afipsky refinery
22 Afipsky refinery
21
Antipinsky
21 Antipinsky refinery
21 Antipinsky refinery
20
Ust-
Luga
20 Ust-Luga Multimodal Complex
20 Ust-Luga Multimodal Complex
19
Novorossiysk
terminals (3)
19 Port of Novorossiysk
19 Port of Novorossiysk
18
Tikhoretsk pump
18 Tikhoretsk
18 Tikhoretsk
17
Novoil
17 Bashneft – Novoil
17 Bashneft – Novoil
16
Slavyansk                  
16 Slavyansk-on-Kuban
16 Slavyansk-on-Kuban
15
Saratov
15 Saratov
15 Saratov
14
            Ufimsky
14 Ufimsky refinery plant
14 Ufimsky refinery plant
13
Novokuibyshevsk
13 Novokuibyshevsk Refinery
13 Novokuibyshevsk Refinery
12
TANECO  
12 Nizhnekamsk
12 Nizhnekamsk
11
          Syzran
11 Syzran
11 Syzran
10

Tuapse terminal
10 Tuapse oil terminal
10 Tuapse oil terminal
9
Tuapse refinery
9 Tuapse Refinery
9 Tuapse Refinery
8
Moscow
8 Moscow Refinery
8 Moscow Refinery
7
    Perm
7 Perm refinery
7 Perm refinery
6
Volgograd
6 Volgograd refinery
6 Volgograd refinery
5
Yaroslavl
5 Yaroslavl refinery
5 Yaroslavl refinery
4
Kstovo
4 Kstovo refinery
4 Kstovo refinery
3
Ryazan
3 Ryazan refinery
3 Ryazan refinery
2
    Kinef
2 Kirishi Refinery
2 Kirishi Refinery
1
Omsk
1 Omsk refinery
1 Omsk refinery
⬤ Oil refinery
⬤ Other oil infrastructure

In September 2025, Reuters reported that Russia was seeing certain fuel grade shortages, with the reduced refinery runs caused by the drone attacks and high borrowing costs leading to private filling stations being unable to stockpile fuel according to retailers and traders. According to Reuters, the attacks on some days had reduced Russian oil refining by almost a fifth, and cut exports from key ports. According to five retailers and traders in the Russian fuel market during September, problems from the shortages started to emerge in the Volga river region and in southern and central Russia as well.[23] On 29 September, Forbes reported that the issues with fuel had worsened quickly and spread across much of the country, with rising prices, rationing, long queues and pumps running dry in some cases.[24]

In October 2025, BBC Verify and BBC Russian reported that Ukrainian drone attacks reached a record level of 14 refineries targeted in August, while eight had been targeted in September and 12 in August, and that 21 out of Russia's 38 large refineries had been hit since January 2025.[25] Meduza reported that some gas stations were shutting down altogether due to being unable to raise prices because of antitrust restrictions. In Crimea, Russian occupation officials limited gasoline sales to 20 liters per customer and imposed price caps.[26]

In 2026

Further information: 2025–2026 Russian fuel crisis § 2026 escalation of crisis

According to a 17 June 2026 analysis by The Economist, Ukraine had conducted 685 deep strikes in 2025, and was on track to complete over 800 deep strikes in 2026 at the current pace, indicating a significant intensification.[17]

In early July 2026, Euromaidanpress quoted the Pilotless Systems Forces of Ukraine as saying they had increased successful strikes deep inside Russian-held territory by 1,150% since the beginning of 2026.[27]

The deepest strike so far has been the 7 July 2026 drone attack on the Omsk refinery, Russia's largest oil refinery, located almost 2,500 kilometres from Ukraine.[16]

List of oil industry facilities in Russia hit by Ukrainian strikes

Further information: 2025–2026 Russian fuel crisis § Impact
See also: List of oil refineries § Russia in Europe, and List of oil refineries § Russia in Asia

Oil refineries, oil terminals and other oil industrial infrastructure in Russia, struck by Ukrainian attacks since 2025, ranked by refining or transloading capacity. The distance from Ukrainian-controlled territory is indicated in kilometres.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

Oil refineries

Facility Region Operator MTPA[d] Ref Distance
(km)[e] 		Date of strike(s)
Omsk refinery Omsk Oblast Gazprom Neft 22.0 (2024)[28] 2500 6 July 2026[29]
Kirishi Refinery
(Kinef) 		Leningrad Oblast Surgutneftegas 17.5 (2024[f]) 810 March 2024,[31] 14 September 2025,[28][31][32] 4 October 2025,[28][31] 8 March 2026,[28] 26 March 2026,[31] 5 May 2026,[33][30] 9 July 2026[30]
Ryazan refinery Ryazan Oblast Rosneft 13.1 (2024)[28] 480 24 January 2025,[34] 20 February 2025,[35] 2 August 2026,[28] 5 September 2025,[28][36] 23 October 2025,[34] 15 November 2025,[35] 24 February 2026,[28] 15 May 2026,[37], 29 July 2026[38]
Kstovo refinery Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Lukoil (NORSI) 15.0 [28] 800 5 April 2026,[28] 20 May 2026,[28] 24 June 2026,[28][39] 2 July 2026[28][39]
Yaroslavl refinery (YANOS) Yaroslavl Oblast Slavneft 14.9 (2024)[28] 700 1 October 2025,[g] 12 December 2025,[28] 24 June 2026,[40] 6 July 2026[41]
Volgograd refinery Volgograd Oblast Lukoil 13.7 (2024)[28]
-40% (2026)[28] 		500 11 February 2026,[28] 1 June 2026[39]
Perm refinery Perm Krai Lukoil 12.6 (2024)[28] 1485 29 April 2026,[42] 7 May 2026[43], 29 July 2026[38]
See also: 2026 Perm refinery attack
Moscow Refinery Moscow Gazprom Neft Offline [h] 475 17 May 2026,[37] 12 June 2026,[45] 18 June 2026[28][46]
Tuapse Refinery
Tuapse oil terminal 		Krasnodar Krai Rosneft 12.0 [28] 500[i] 24–25 January 2024,[47] 17 May 2024,[48] 22 July 2024,[49] 14 March 2025,[50][28] 6 October 2025,[28] 2 November 2025,[28] 16 April 2026,[51] 20 April 2026,[51] 28 April 2026,[51] 1 May 2026,[52] 26–27 May 2026[53]
See also: 2026 Tuapse oil terminal attack
Syzran refinery Samara Oblast Rosneft 9 [54] 800 18 April 2026,[55] 21 May 2026,[56] 12 July 2026[54]
TANECO Tatarstan Tatneft 17.0 (2024)[28] 1150 12 June 2026,[39] 8 July 2026,[57] 7–8 July 2026[58]
TAIF-NIK Tatarstan Sibur-RT 8.5 [58] 1150 7–8 July 2026[58]
Antipinsky refinery Tyumen Oblast RI-Invest 6.0~9.0 [59][28][60] 2000+[60] 20 June 2026,[59] 25 July 2026[60]
Novokuibyshevsk Refinery Samara Oblast Rosneft 5.74 (2024)[28] 900 20 September 2025,[61] 19 October 2025,[62] 2 June 2026[39]
Ufimsky refinery Bashkortostan Bashneft 3.8 (2024)[28] 1400 3 March 2025,[63] 11 October 2025,[64] 25 June 2025,[65] 1 July 2026.[66]
Saratov oil refinery Saratov Oblast Rosneft 5.8 (2024)[28] 700 21 November 2025,[28] 30 May 2026,[67] 8 July 2026[68]
Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat Bashkortostan Gazprom 6.5~7.2 [j] 1300[72] 9 May 2024,[70] 18 September 2025,[72][73] 24 September 2025,[71] 13 July 2026[74]
Ilsky refinery Krasnodar Krai INPZ 6.6 [28][k] 500 At least 16 times between May 2023 and 2 June 2026,[76] 10 July 2026[75]
Afipsky refinery Krasnodar Krai SAFMAR 6.25 [l] 200 10 February 2025,[77] 7 August 2025,[78] 29 November 2025,[78] 14 March 2026,[78] 11 June 2026,[79] 14 July 2026[74]
Kuibyshev refinery Samara Oblast Rosneft 4.7 (2024)[80][28] 850 9–10 June 2026[80]
Slavyansk Refinery Krasnodar Krai Slavyansk ECO 5.2 [28] 350 17 December 2025,[81] 24 June 2026,[40] 28 June 2026[28]
Novo-Ufimsky
refinery 		Bashkortostan Bashneft – Novoil 3.8 (2024)[28] 1400 1–2 April 2026[82]
Krasnodar refinery Krasnodar Krai SAFMAR 3.0 [83][l] 375 30 August 2025[83][28]
Ukhta refinery Komi Republic Lukoil 3.0 (2025)[28] 1720 12 February 2026[28]

Oil terminals and other facilities

Facility Region Operator MTPA[d] Ref Distance (km)[e] Date of strike(s)
Sheskharis oil terminal
Grushova Balka oil depot 		Port of Novorossiysk,
Krasnodar Krai 		Transneft 19.8 (2025)[m] 340 Sheskharis: 17 May 2024,[84] 2 March 2026,[85] 6 April 2026,[n] 23 May 2026[90]
Grushovaya: 23 May 2026,[90] 8 June 2026[91]
Novorossiysk Fuel Oil Terminal (NOFT) NCSP & Gunvor
5.0
 17 May 2024[84]
Yuzhnaya Ozereyevka CPC marine terminal Caspian Pipeline Consortium
48.0
 [o] 29 November 2025[92]
Port of Primorsk Leningrad Oblast Transneft 60.0 [93] 1087[93] 12 September 2025,[94] 22–23 and 25 March 2026,[28][93] 5 April 2026,[95] 3 May 2026[28]
Ust-Luga Multimodal Complex Leningrad Oblast Ust-Luga Oil JSC
Nevskaya: Gazprombank
& Transneft-Baltika
Novatek 		32.9 (2025)[p]
9.0[q] 		875 21 January 2024,[47] 24 August 2025 (Novatek),[97] 22, 25, 27, 29, 31 March 2026,[28][96][98][99] 6 July 2026[28]
Petersburg Oil Terminal Leningrad Oblast Petersburg Oil Terminal JSC[r] 12.5 [101] 1100[101] 18 January 2024,[47] 3 June 2026,[101][102] 4 July 2026[103]
Tikhoretsk oil pumping station Krasnodar Krai Transneft 45 300 12 March 2026[104]
Port of Taman Krasnodar Krai OTEKO 20.0 (LPG) [105] 247 13 June 2024,[106] 13 May 2026,[107] 13 June 2026[108]
Vysotsk oil terminal Leningrad Oblast Lukoil 9.0 (2025)[28] 18 April 2026,[28] 6 July 2026[28]
Port Kavkaz Krasnodar Krai Rosmorport 2.5 300 20–21 June 2026[59]
Cherkassy LPDS Bashkortostan Transneft-Ural 2.0 [109] 1500[109] 8 July 2026[109]
Taganrog oil terminal[75] Rostov Oblast Kurgannefteprodukt[75] 1.2 [110] 170 10 July 2026[75]
Tvernefteprodukt oil depot[111] Tver Oblast Surgutneftegas[112] (6,400 m3) 520[111] 9 July 2026[112]
Yugnefteprodukt oil depot[111][112] Stavropol Krai Lukoil[111][112] 0.15 (5,600 m3) 500[111] 9 July 2026,[111][112] 13 July 2026,[113] 18 July 2026[114]
Noginsk oil depot Moscow Oblast 18 July 2026[115]

Impact

Main article: 2025–2026 Russian fuel crisis

On 4 July 2026, the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine estimated 42.74% of Russia's oil refining capacity had been disabled at that time, while the International Energy Agency (IEA) said "more than 20%" of capacity has been knocked offline.[116] Finnish President Alexander Stubb stated in early July 2026 that Russia's capacity to produce and export oil had been reduced by 40% due to the Ukrainian mid- and long-range drone strikes.[117] The Financial Times reported that Russia produced 4.1 million barrels of oil per day in June 2026 (28% below the 5-year average, and 35% below design capacity); the fuel shortage had so far affected 50 million people (35% of the Russian Federation's population); and by 9 July the majority of regions of Russia had local authorities or retailers imposing fuel sales restrictions.[118]

Exiled Russian energy expert Mikhail Krutikhin [ru] concluded in mid-July 2026: "I think some of the oil capacity of Russia has been lost forever, because of the closure of the [oil] wells right now. Russia is not going to recover, even five years after the war."[119] Around the same time, Radio Svoboda reported based on recent satellite imagery that Russia was withdrawing most of its remaining S-300 and S-400 air defence systems from the Arctic Far North (especially Novaya Zemlya and Severodvinsk in Arkhangelsk Oblast) in order to protect its oil refineries (such as the Saratov refinery, where air defence systems appeared were moved between May 2023 and August 2025[120]) and Moscow to the southwest from Ukrainian drone strikes.[120][121] The remaining stockpile of these types of air defence missiles was reportedly also diminishing due to being outproduced by Ukrainian drone manufacturing, as well as direct strikes on air defence launchers, although the remaining volume was unknown, and Ukrainian officials cautioned that Russia had some other systems left.[122] More generally, OSINT analysts concluded that c. 60% of Russia's air defence systems had been moved from the locations they were stationed in before Russia's large-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.[120]

Notes

  1. ^ The umbrella term "Defence Forces of Ukraine" (sometimes also simply called "the Ukrainian military") refers to all armed institutions of Ukraine engaged in the defence of Ukraine against the military aggression of the Russian Federation.
    The largest of these, answering to the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine, are grouped into the Armed Forces of Ukraine (ZSU). The ZSU include: the Ukrainian Ground Forces, the Unmanned Systems Forces (USF), the Ukrainian Air Force, the Ukrainian Air Assault Forces, the Ukrainian Navy, the Ukrainian Marine Corps, the Defence Intelligence of Ukraine (HUR), the Special Operations Forces, the Military Police, the Logistics Forces, the Medical Forces, and so on.
    Reporting to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine are: the National Guard of Ukraine (mostly the 1st Azov Corps and the 2nd Khartiia Corps), the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU, known for Operation Spiderweb), and the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (including the Ukrainian Sea Guard).
    Many of these organisations have their own drone forces, but are not part of the Unmanned Systems Forces (USF), which in April 2026 accounted for only c. 31.15% of all Russian personnel losses inflicted by Ukrainian drone operations.[12] Certain deep strike drone operations may be carried out through inter-service cooperation; for example, USVs such as the Sea Baby are operated by the Ukrainian Navy, in coordination with the HUR and SBU.
  2. ^ "The degradation of Russia's oil refining industry and defense-industrial complex directly reduces the aggressor state's military and economic potential. The systematic destruction of Russia's strategic facilities is an effective instrument for exerting pressure on its war machine."[6]
  3. ^ "Ukraine’s deep strike campaign extends to the maritime domain through unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), notably the Magura and Sea Baby. These systems demonstrate sophisticated solutions for operating in E-W-heavy environments... The operational effectiveness of these EW-resilient systems is evidenced by the destruction of approximately one-third of Russia’s Black Sea Fleet, forcing the fleet to withdraw from Sevastopol to Novorossiysk." Hague Centre for Strategic Studies (2026).[15]
  4. ^ a b Million tonnes per annum (MTPA) refers to the annual crude oil refining capacity of an oil refinery, or the annual handling (transloading/exporting or storage) capacity of an oil terminal, pump, or depot (LPDS).
  5. ^ a b Estimated distance as the drone flies in kilometres (km) between the targeted facility and Ukrainian-controlled territory; essentially, Ukraine minus the Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine. Although it is possible certain (drone) strikes were launched from elsewhere (such as during Operation Spiderweb), the vast majority of strikes on Russia's oil infrastructure have reportedly originated in Ukrainian-controlled territory.
  6. ^ Design capacity: 20.0–21.0.[30] Reported result 2024: 17.5 ("6.6% of the total volume of oil refining in the Russian Federation").[28]
  7. ^ The governor of Yaroslavl Oblast Mikhail Yevrayev claimed that this fire was man-made and not the result of drone attacks.[28]
  8. ^ Design capacity: 14.[28] 2024: 11.6.[28] After the June 2026 strikes, the refinery was completely shut down, and industry sources expected the Moscow Refinery to remain offline for at least 6 months pending repairs, before production could be resumed.[44]
  9. ^ The January 2024 attack was one of Ukraine's first long-range drone strikes. Militarnyi commented: "It is unlikely that the group of drones flew through the occupied Crimea, which is saturated with air defense systems, or across the front line in the Zaporizhzhia region. However, if the route was across the Black Sea, the drones would have flown more than 800 kilometers. It is known that Ukraine has several drones capable of covering distances of 1000 kilometers or more."[47]
  10. ^ Reported estimates include: 10.0 (design capacity)[69], 6.8 (late 2022)[69], 6.5 (2023)[70], 7.2 (2024);[71][28] "2.7% of the total refining volume in the Russian Federation."[28].
  11. ^ The design capacity of Ilsky refinery is 6.6 million tonnes of crude oil annually,[75] but it is unknown what its current real output is as of July 2026, after it had been struck at least 17 times within 3 years and 2 months.[76][75]
  12. ^ a b The Afipsky refinery and Krasnodar refinery have been merged as the same legal entity owned by SAFMAR. Their combined capacity was 7.2 million tonnes in 2024, and in January–June 2025 3 million tonnes.[28]
  13. ^ In July 2026, The Moscow Times stated: "According to sources, total exports of petroleum products via the Novorossiysk terminals in 2025 amounted to 19.8 million tonnes."[28] As it had a separate entry for the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) terminal, "the Novorossiysk terminals" probably refers to the Sheskharis oil terminal and Novorossiysk Fuel Oil Terminal (NOFT) combined, but excluding the CPC terminal in Yuzhnaya Ozereyevka.
  14. ^ While the Russian Ministry of Defence issued a statement on 6 April 2026 saying that the Ukrainian strikes had hit the CPC marine terminal (in Yuzhnaya Ozereyevka), it provided no visual evidence of the strikes.[86] On the other hand, the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine claimed that it had attacked the Sheskharis oil terminal,[86] and most media pointed to video footage of a burning oil terminal which the Astra Telegram channel had geolocated to the Sheskharis oil terminal, filmed from the other shore of the Tsemes Bay, as indicated by the Malaya Zemlia memorial [ru] that is visible in the video between the camera and the fire across the bay.[28][86][87][88][89]
  15. ^ On 6 April 2026, The Moscow Times reported the oil transloading capacity of the CPC marine terminal at Yuzhnaya Ozereyevka as "roughly 1 million barrels per day", "between 3.5 million and 4.5 million tons of crude per month", "up to 20% of Russia’s seaborne oil exports", and "around 1% of the world's oil supplies, as well as around 80% of Kazakhstan's exports".[86]
  16. ^ "According to source-based data, the port [of Ust-Luga] exported 32.9 million metric tonnes of oil products last year [2025] and typically handles about 700,000 barrels of crude oil per day."[96][28]
  17. ^ "The [Novatek] Ust-Luga complex has three processing units with a capacity of 3 million metric tons a year each and refines stable gas condensate into light and heavy naphtha, jet fuel, ship fuel component (fuel oil) and gasoil."[97]
  18. ^ Since April 2025, 55% of shares have been seized by the Russian state from Cyprus-based offshore holding companies owned by children of the deceased co-founder Dmitry Skigin. The remaining 45% is owned by Elena Vasilieva, widow of co-owner Sergey Vasiliev.[100] Fuel is supplied by Rosneft North-West LLC, which acquired the Petersburg Fuel Company (PTK) in 2019, liquidating it in 2021.

References

  1. ^ "File:Fire at the Moscow Oil Refinery on June 18, 2026 (20260618 132232).jpg". Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  2. ^ a b "Inside a secretive Ukrainian team launching deep drone strikes at Russia". NPR. 27 June 2026. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  3. ^ "Ukraine is turning its long-range strike campaign into a permanent military command". Euromaidan Press. 10 July 2026. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  4. ^ ""No longer a peaceful rear": Ukraine reports 1,150% increase in deep strikes as drones continue hitting Russia's war machine far from the front lines". Euromaidan Press. 3 July 2026. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  5. ^ a b Zavadska, Yuliia (7 July 2026). "SBU Hits 13 Russian Military Targets in Week-Long Deep Strike Campaign". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  6. ^ a b c "Ukraine Expands Deep Strikes on Russian Military and Energy Infrastructure in June 2026". odessa-journal.com. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  7. ^ "Ukraine Expands Deep Strike Campaign Against Russian Military Infrastructure in April". odessa-journal.com. 4 May 2026. Retrieved 11 July 2026.
  8. ^ a b Daryna Halperina (1 July 2026). "Kyiv's deep strike campaign takes out 11 Russian oil refineries in one month". The New Voice of Ukraine. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  9. ^ "Why Russia's attacks on Ukraine's energy grid aren't 'revenge' for Kyiv's deep strike campaign". The Kyiv Independent. 14 February 2026. Retrieved 11 July 2026.
  10. ^ Bern, Stefaniia (6 July 2026). "Ukraine's Strike Campaigns Will Likely Continue to Hurt Russia's Economy and Military Operations in Ukraine". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  11. ^ Service, RFE/RL's Russian. "Drone Strikes, Deep Strikes: How Ukraine's Long-Range Air Attacks Are Hurting Russia". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  12. ^ Khomenko, Ivan (4 May 2026). "Ukraine's Drone Strategy Leaves Russia Losing More Troops Than It Can Replace for Five Consecutive Months". United24 Media. Retrieved 3 July 2026.
  13. ^ a b c Ibrahim Naber (23 June 2026). "Inside Ukraine's secret drone campaign destroying sites deep in Russia". Business Insider. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  14. ^ Joanna Kakissis; Polina Lytvynova (27 June 2026). "Inside a secretive Ukrainian team launching deep drone strikes at Russia". NPR. Retrieved 11 July 2026.
  15. ^ Sweijs, Tim; Tenenbaum, Elie; Feldhusen, Jan; Iven, Markus; Bekkers, Frank (2026). "The Rear and Deep Area". Lessons from the Jungle for the Zoo: Support Ukraine, Help Ourselves: Key Findings Ukraine Visit. Hague Centre for Strategic Studies. p. 9–16}.
  16. ^ a b "Ukraine's drone playbook is wreaking havoc in Russia — and upending where NATO wants to invest". CNBC. 9 July 2026. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  17. ^ a b "Data bite: Ukraine's deep-strike campaign". The Economist. 17 June 2026. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  18. ^ "Ukrainian strikes are inflicting pain deep inside Russia". The Economist. 9 June 2026. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  19. ^ "Ukrainian Drones Target Refinery In Latest Attack Deep Inside Russia". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 31 July 2026. Retrieved 10 July 2026.
  20. ^ Tania Myronyshena (23 March 2026). "Ukraine's deep strikes make Russians feel the war". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 11 July 2026.
  21. ^ a b c Sebastian, Clare; Ullah, Zahra; Chernova, Anna; Krebs, Katharina; Robinson, Lou (6 July 2026). "Almost every Russian region hit by fuel crisis, as Ukraine escalates drone attacks | CNN". CNN. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
  22. ^ Sauer, Pjotr (27 August 2025). "Frustrated Russians grapple with fuel crisis as Ukraine attacks oil refineries". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  23. ^ a b "Russian fuel crisis widens after Ukrainian attacks, sources say". Reuters. 23 September 2025. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  24. ^ Hambling, David (29 September 2025). "Russia's Gasoline Crises Deepens As Drones Hit More Refineries". Forbes. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  25. ^ Murphy, Matt; Robinson, Olga; Kiryukhina, Yaroslava (1 October 2025). "Surge in Ukrainian oil refinery attacks sparks Russian fuel shortages". BBC News. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
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