David N. Chartrand, OM (January 23, 1960) is a Métis politician and activist who has served as the democratically elected President of the Manitoba Métis Federation since 1997.[citation needed] He is the longest serving President of the Manitoba Métis Federation's history, currently serving an eighth term following the 2022 unprecedented mass acclamation of all elected officials.[citation needed] He has also served as a member of the Board of Governors of the Métis National Council from 1997 to 2021 and held a variety of portfolios, prior to the withdrawal of the Manitoba Métis Federation from the Métis National Council in 2021, over concerns that the Métis National Council was allowing the distortion of the nationally accepted definition of Métis.[citation needed]
Early life
He was born January 23, 1960, to Martha Chartrand, the fourth of eight children.[citation needed] Raised in Duck Bay, Manitoba, he is the brother of Elbert Chartrand. He was raised in a Salteaux-speaking household, where he learned Red River Métis culture and traditions.[citation needed]
Early career
In 1982, Chartrand relocated to Winnipeg, where he began working with youth and subsequently managed The Manor Hotel from 1982 to 1985. From 1986 to 1990, he served as a Probation Officer with Manitoba's Department of Justice.[citation needed] Between 1990 and 1997, he held the position of Executive Director of the Aboriginal Court Worker’s Program within the same department, focusing on justice initiatives for Indigenous communities.[citation needed]
Political beginnings
He was first elected to the Manitoba Métis Federation Board of Directors, from the Winnipeg Region in 1988 and was re-elected four successive times to that position.[citation needed]
He has held numerous volunteer positions including Vice-President of the Indian and Métis Friendship Centre of Winnipeg, President of the Manitoba Association of Friendship Centres, President of the National Association of Friendship Centres and, a founding director and president of Beat the Street, an adult literacy program in Winnipeg.[citation needed]
He has also served on the board of the Northern Justice Society (Simon Fraser University) and as a Board of Director for the Manitoba Métis Federation for 10 years prior to becoming President in 1997.[citation needed] He also served as a member of the Premier's Economic Advisor Committee for the Province of Manitoba.[citation needed]
He was preceded in Métis politics by his older brother Elbert Chartrand, who was the executive director of the Swan River Indian and Métis Friendship Centre and served as Manitoba Métis Federation Vice-President for the Northwest Métis Council region.[citation needed]
President of the Manitoba Métis Federation
In 1999, Chartrand began the Métis Human Resource Development Agreement program.[citation needed]
Chartrand established an Executive Policy Committee to enhance the governance, policies, and procedures of the Federation.[citation needed] He also led Constitutional Reform, including the adaptation of the National Métis Definition, which initiated a membership reform within the Federation in 2002.[citation needed]
He has overseen governmental initiatives, including the establishment of the first-ever Red River Métis specific post-secondary Scholarship and Bursary Endowment Fund in 1999.[citation needed] Through the Louis Riel Institute and the Post-Secondary Education Program, the Manitoba Métis Federation has provided funding in bursaries and funding to Red River Métis university and college students, valued at over $24 million today.[citation needed]
In 2003, Chartrand led and negotiated the devolution of Métis Child and Family Services.[citation needed]
In keeping with his vision to provide the best health care opportunities for the Red River Métis, the first ever Red River Métis-owned and operated pharmacy, MEDOCare was opened for business on December 8, 2012.[citation needed]
In 1997, Chartrand pledged to support the Red River Métis Veterans of Canada and subsequently spent over two decades advocating for their recognition.[citation needed] These efforts came into fruition on June 13, 2019 when the $30-million-dollar Métis Veteran's Agreement was signed.[citation needed]
He established the “Métis Hour x 2” an award-winning radio broadcast that reached across the Province of Manitoba.[citation needed] Chartrand also established “Le Métis”, a two-page, full-colour, insert in the Grassroots News Aboriginal newspaper, with a distribution of approximately 40,000 throughout the Province of Manitoba.[citation needed]
In September of 2021, following a 2019 mandate from Citizens at an Annual General Assembly, Chartrand led the Manitoba Métis Federation to withdraw from the Métis National Council over concerns that the Council was allowing the distortion of the accepted definition of Métis by member organizations.[citation needed]
In 2022 the Metis National Council filed a lawsuit against its former president and the Manitoba Metis Federation alleging financial malfeasance, irregularities and questionable contracts.[citation needed] The lawsuit alleges Chartrand and former leadership made deals to financially benefit themselves. The national council is seeking $15 million in damages.[citation needed] Chartrand denies the allegations.[1]
In June 2023, President Chartrand led the National Government of the Red River Métis to an Extraordinary General Assembly, where Citizens were asked to vote on a Red River Métis Self Government Recognition and Implementation Treaty with Canada.[citation needed] An estimated 4,000 citizens gathered to vote overwhelmingly in favour of the treaty, capping off negotiations that began in 2016, and three intensive months of consultation.[citation needed]
Legal contributions to the recognition of Métis rights
As President, Chartrand championed Red River Métis Land Claims, and made contributions to the harvesting rights won in Ontario through the R. v. Powley case.[citation needed] One of his first acts upon election was the reinstatement of the Red River Métis Land Claims case.[citation needed] Due to his dedication to the pursuit of Red River Métis rights, the Manitoba Métis Federation won the 2013 Supreme Court decision in Manitoba Métis Federation (MMF) v. Canada.[citation needed]The Supreme Court of Canada recognized that the claim of the Manitoba Métis Community was "not a series of claims for individual relief" but a "collective claim for declaratory relief for the purposes of reconciliation between the descendants of the Métis people of the Red River Valley and Canada" and went on to grant the MMF standing by concluding "[t]his collective claim merits allowing the body representing the collective Métis interest to come before the court".[citation needed]
The decision further held that "[t]he unfinished business of reconciliation of the Métis people with Canadian sovereignty is a matter of national and constitutional import" and issued a declaration "[t]hat the federal Crown failed to implement the land grant provision set out in section 31 of the Manitoba Act, 1870 in accordance with the honour of the Crown".
This opened the door to subsequent Supreme Court decisions like the 2016 Daniels case that recognized the Métis Nation as section rights holders under the Canadian Constitution. On May 27, 2016 a Memorandum of Understanding on Advancing Reconciliation was signed by the Manitoba Métis Federation and the Government of Canada, to foster engagement in an exploratory discussions process to develop a mutually agreeable Framework Agreement.
In 2021, the Manitoba Métis Federation signed a Negotiators Agreement with the Government of Canada to advance reconciliation consistent with the purpose of section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982.
On July 6, 2021, Chartrand represented the Manitoba Métis Federation in an historic event, signing the Manitoba Métis Self-Government Recognition and Implementation Agreement with Canada, which recognizes and acknowledges the Manitoba Métis Federation as the national government of the Red River Métis. This agreement is the only Métis self-government agreement, paving the way for a modern-day treaty for the Red River Métis.
Personal life
Chartrand is married to Red River Métis businesswoman Glorian Yakiwchuk, originally from Cranberry Portage, Manitoba. They reside in Winnipeg, Manitoba and are raising their granddaughter, Martha Chartrand. Chartrand was raised in a strongly Roman Catholic household.
Chartrand was audited by Canada Revenue Agency and flagged for not reporting income.[citation needed] The tax agency reassessed his tax returns and increased his employment income by $35,148 in 2004 and $37,460 in 2005 to include his omitted expense allowances.[2]
Chartrand has been recognized for his community work and has received the Golden Eagle Award from the Indigenous Women's Collective, the Eagle Feather from the Friendship Centres of Ontario, and his picture has been placed on the Honour Wall of Fame at the Indian and Métis Friendship Centre of Winnipeg.
Chartrand was a recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal, created in 2002 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the ascension of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II to the throne, for outstanding and exemplary contributions to their communities or to Canada as a whole.
In 2004, he received The Manitoba Order of the Sash by resolution of the Métis Nation at the 36th Annual General Assembly of the Manitoba Metis Federation, for his cultural, political and social contributions to the Métis people.
In 2012 he received an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the University of Winnipeg for his dedication to the Métis people, his deep commitment to family and community, and for his enduring service and development work.[citation needed]
Also in 2012, Chartrand received the Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Medal for his significant contributions to Canada.
In 2013 he was invested into the Order of Manitoba in recognition of his demonstrated excellence and achievement benefiting in an outstanding manner the social, cultural or economic well-being of Manitoba and its residents.
Also in 2013, he received the Order of the Métis Nation at the Métis National Council Annual General Assembly March 24, 2013.
In 2017, he received the Sovereign's Medal for Volunteers for his exceptional volunteer achievements and advancement of the cause of the Métis Nation at both the provincial and national levels and dedication to community, creating greater opportunities for all Manitobans.
In 2022, he became the first Indigenous recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award from the India Canada Cultural and Heritage Association.
Also in 2022, President Chartrand received the Lanza Llanera Order of Democracy from the Republic of Colombia’s Assembly of Meta Department for his leadership in improving the living conditions of the Indigenous communities of Colombia and fostering international fair trade relationships in agricultural production, ancestral wisdom and medicines.
In June of 2023, he received the Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal at an Extraordinary General Assembly held to ratify the Red River Métis treaty with Canada.
