It gets its name because (in contrast to the White Peak), the underlying limestone is covered by a cap of Millstone Gritsandstones with softer shale underneath,[1] meaning that in winter the soil is almost always saturated with water. The land is thus largely uninhabited moorlandplateaux where almost any depression is filled with sphagnum bogs and black peat. The High Peak is an alternative name for the Dark Peak, but High Peak is also the name of an administrative district of Derbyshire which includes part of the White Peak.
The areas of Millstone Grit form an 'inverted horseshoe' around the lower uncapped limestone areas of the White Peak, enclosing it to the west, north and east.[2] Hence the Dark Peak is said to cover the higher, northern moors between the Hope Valley to the south and the Tame Valley, Standedge and Holme Valley to the north, separating it from the South Pennines, the Western Moors stretching south to near the Churnet Valley, and the Eastern Moors southwards towards Matlock. The Dark Peak is one of 159 National Character Areas defined by Natural England; as defined by Natural England, the Dark Peak NCA covers 86,604 hectares (334 sq mi) and includes the northern block of hills approximately bounded by Marsden, Stocksbridge, Hathersage and Chapel-en-le-Frith, plus the eastern moors between Hathersage and Matlock,[1] but excludes the western moors between Chapel and the Churnet Valley (which it places in NCA 53, the South West Peak),[3] and the area around Glossop (in NCA 54, Manchester Pennine Fringe).[4]
Over the years, military aircraft have crashed on the Dark Peak, generally because of a combination of numerous nearby air bases, inexperienced pilots, primitive or faulty equipment and poor visibility.[9] Because of the bleakness and emptiness of the high moorlands and the consequent difficulties of recovery,[10] substantial wreckage remains at some sites in remote parts of the moorland, though militarily sensitive materials were removed and salvage teams sometimes gathered debris into piles, or burned or buried it.[11]
