The Municipality of Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent was incorporated in 1963 and originally extended along the shores of the Saint Lawrence from the Natashquan River to the Newfoundland and Labrador provincial border, some 5,240 square kilometres (2,020 sq mi) roughly corresponding to the Basse-Côte-Nord territory. However, with an isolated population scattered over a large area devoid of roads, the municipality did not have an elected municipal council and was managed by an appointed administrator headquartered in Chevery.[1]
Starting in 1990, a restructuring plan was enacted that carved up Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent into several additional municipalities. That year, the municipalities of Bonne-Espérance and Blanc-Sablon were formed, followed by the Municipality of Saint-Augustin on December 30, 1992, and finally the municipality of Gros-Mécatina on December 22, 1993.[1]
On May 8, 1996, the municipality's name was officially adjusted to Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent.[1]
It also includes the following abandoned settlements and ghost towns, in order from west to east: Musquaro, Wolf Bay, Aylmer Sound, Ettamiau, Pointe Amouri, Barachois, Chez Menneau, and Boulet's (also known as Bully's).
The ghost town of Musquaro (50°12′58″N61°03′50″W / 50.21611°N 61.06389°W / 50.21611; -61.06389) is at the mouth of the Musquaro River, between Kegaska and La Romaine. Identified as Mascoüarou on Louis Jolliet's map of 1694, the name went through numerous spelling changes, such as Nasquirou, Maskouaro, and Mahkuanu. Its root meaning is "black bear tail" and may refer to the foothills of Mount Mascoüarou as shown Jolliet's map.[5]
It was the site of a fortified trading post, established in 1710, and a catholic mission. In 1780, the post was on the territory granted to the Labrador Company of Quebec. 23 years later, the franchise went to the North West Company which in turn was sold to the Hudson's Bay Company in 1821. Closed for a brief time in 1859, the post remained occupied until 1925 after which it closed permanently.[5]
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent had a population of 787 living in 361 of its 430 total private dwellings, a change of -8.1% from its 2016 population of 856. With a land area of 2,597.05 km2 (1,002.73 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.3/km2 (0.8/sq mi) in 2021.[3]
Canada census – Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent community profile
Notes: 2011 income data for this area has been suppressed for data quality or confidentiality reasons. References: 2021[6] 2016[7] 2011[8] earlier[9][10]
Historical Census Data - Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent, Quebec
Year
Pop.
±%
1966
4,316
—
1971
5,108
+18.4%
1976
4,771
−6.6%
1981
5,176
+8.5%
1986
5,315
+2.7%
1991
2,756
−48.1%
Year
Pop.
±%
1996
1,214
−56.0%
2001
1,183
−2.6%
2006
1,028
−13.1%
2011
971
−5.5%
2016
856
−11.8%
2021
787
−8.1%
Population counts are not adjusted for boundary changes in 1990 and 1992. Source: Statistics Canada[11]
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent, Quebec[11]
Harrington Harbour is located on a small island which has no cars or roads, and all transportation in the community is by bicycle. Each mainland community has local road access — however, no roads currently connect one community to another, the entire municipality is isolated from the provincial highway network, and ferries or taxi boats must be used to travel between the communities or to the rest of the province.
In recent years the municipality has lobbied for Highway 138, which currently ends at Kégaska, to be extended through the area. The provincial government has announced a feasibility study, although no construction schedule has been announced to date.[12]
Climate
Although located at the same latitude as Cornwall or Vancouver, the cold Labrador Current gives Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent a subarctic climate (KöppenDfc), a little short of a humid continental climate (Dfb). Winters are cold and very snowy due to the influence of the Icelandic Low to the east, with mean snowfall averaging 2.94 metres (115.7 in) and extreme cover of 2.00 metres or 78.74 inches on 10 March 1994. In summer, maritime includes is much more pronounced than in winter and cools average July temperatures by about 5 °C (9.0 °F) compared to inland cities like Regina or Winnipeg.
Two community radio stations, CFTH-FM-1 in Harrington Harbour and CJTB-FM in Tête-à-la-Baleine, operate in the municipality. CFTH also has rebroadcasters in Kegaska and Mutton Bay. The municipality is also served by rebroadcasters of Première Chaîne's CBSI-FM in Harrington Harbour and Tête-à-la-Baleine, and by a rebroadcaster of CBC Radio One's CBVE-FM in Harrington Harbour.
Télévision de Radio-Canada's CJBR-TV has rebroadcasters in Harrington Harbour and Tête-à-la-Baleine, and CBC Television's CBMT has a rebroadcaster in Harrington Harbour. The municipality does not receive any of Canada's commercial broadcast television networks, English or French, over the air.
