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Czartoryski
Czartoryski
Princely House of Poland
	Czartoryski coat of arms
Current region	Poland
Place of origin	Czartorysk
Members	Michał Czartoryski; August Czartoryski; Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski; Adam Jerzy Czartoryski; Izabela Flemming
Connected families	Sieniawski, Poniatowski, Radziwiłł
Traditions	Familia
Motto	Bądź co bądź; (Come what may)
Estate(s)	Czartoryski Palace

The House of Czartoryski (feminine form: Czartoryska, plural: Czartoryscy; Lithuanian: Čartoriskiai) is a Polish princely family of Lithuanian^[3]-Ruthenian^[4] origin, also known as the Familia. The family, which derived their kin from the Gediminids dynasty,^[5]^[6] by the mid-17th century had split into two branches, based in the Klevan Castle and the Korets Castle, respectively. They used the Czartoryski coat of arms and were a noble family of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century.

The Czartoryski and the Potocki were the two most influential aristocratic families of the last decades of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795).^[7]

History

The Czartoryski family is of Lithuanian descent from Ruthenia.^[8] Their ancestor, a grandson of Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, became known with his baptismal name Constantine (c. 1330−1390) - he became a Prince of Chortoryisk in Volhynia.^[9] One of his sons, Vasyli Chortoryiski (Ukrainian: Чарторийський; c. 1375–1416), was granted an estate in Volhynia in 1393, and his three sons John, Alexander and Michael (c. 1400–1489) are considered the progenitors of the family.^[10] The founding members were culturally Ruthenian and Eastern Orthodox; they converted to Roman Catholicism and were Polonized during the 16th century.^[10]

Michael's descendant Prince Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674–1741), Duke of Klewan and Zukow (Klevan and Zhukiv), Castellan of Vilnius, reawakened Czartoryski royal ambitions at the end of the 17th century. He married Isabella Morsztyn, daughter of the Grand Treasurer of Poland, and built "The Familia" with their four children, Michał, August, Teodor and Konstancja. The family became known and powerful under the lead of brothers Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski and August Aleksander Czartoryski in the late Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of the 18th century, during the reigns Augustus II the Strong (King of Poland, 1697–1706 and 1709–1733) and Stanisław I Leszczyński (King of Poland 1704–1709 and 1733–1736). The Czartoryski had risen to power under August Aleksander Czartoryski (1697–1782) of the Klewa line, who married Zofia Denhoffowa, the only heir to the Sieniawski family.^[11]

The family attained the height of its influence from the mid-18th century in the court of King Augustus III (r. 1734–1763). The Czartoryski brothers gained a very powerful ally in their brother-in-law, Stanisław Poniatowski, whose son became the last king of the independent Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanisław August Poniatowski (r. 1764–1795).

The Czartoryski's Familia saw the decline of the Commonwealth and the rise of anarchy and joined the camp which was determined to press ahead with reforms; thus they sought the enactment of such constitutional reforms as the abolition of the liberum veto.

Although the Russian Empire confiscated the family estate at Puławy in 1794, during the third partition of Poland, the Familia continued to wield significant cultural and political influence for decades after, notably through the princes Adam Kazimierz (1734–1823), Adam Jerzy (1770–1861) and Konstanty Adam (1777–1866).

The Czartoryski family is renowned for the Czartoryski Museum in Kraków and the Hôtel Lambert in Paris.

Today, the only descendants of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski are Prince Adam Karol Czartoryski (1940- ) and his daughter Tamara Czartoryska (1978- ), who live in the United Kingdom. The descendants of Prince Konstanty Adam Czartoryski live to this day in Poland and have their representatives in the Confederation of the Polish Nobility.

Coat of arms and motto

The Czartoryski family used the Czartoryski coat of arms and the motto Bądź co bądź ("Come what may", literally 'let be, that which will be'). The family's arms were a modification of the Pogoń Litewska arms.

Czartoryski coat of arms used in 1785

Notable members

Notable members include:

In Poland

Wasyl Czartoryski (died after 1416), married Hanna
- Michał Czartoryski (died before 1486), married Maria Niemir
  - Teodor Czartoryski (died 1542), married Princes Zofia Sanguszko h. Pogoń Litewska
    - Iwan Czartoryski (died 1566), married Princess Anna Zasławska h. Korybut
      - Jerzy Czartoryski (1550−1626), married Princess Aleksandra Wiśniowiecka h. Korybut, Halszka Hołowińska h. Hołowiński and Princess Zofia Lubomirska h. Szreniawa
        Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1585−1661), married Princess Izabella Korecka h. Pogoń Litewska
        Michał Jerzy Czartoryski (1621−1692), married Rosine Margarethe von Eckenberg, Eufrozyna Stanisławska h. Szeliga and Joanna Weronika Olędzka h. Rawa
        Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674−1741), married Countess Izabela Elżbieta Morsztyn h. Leliwa
        Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski (1696–1775), married Countess Elenora Monika Waldstein
        
        August Aleksander Czartoryski (1697−1782) married Countess Maria Zofia Sieniawska h. Leliwa
        Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1734–1823), married Izabela Czartoryska h. Fleming
        Maria Anna Czartoryska (1768−1854), married Louis, Duke of Württemberg
        
        Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (1770–1861), married Princess Anna Zofia Sapieha h. Lis
        Izabella Elżbieta Czartoryska (1832–1899), married Count Jan Kanty Działyński h. Ogończyk
        
        Witold Czartoryski (1824–1865), married Maria Cycylia Grocholska h. Syrokomla
        
        Władysław Czartoryski (1828–1894), married María Amparo Muñoz, 1st Countess of Vista Alegre and Princess Marguerite Adélaïde of Orléans
        Beatified August Franciszek Czartoryski (1858–1893)
        
        Adam Ludwik Czartoryski (1872–1937), married Countess Maria Ludwika Krasińska h. Ślepowron
        Elżbieta Czartoryska (1905–1989) married Count Stefan Adam Zamoyski h. Jelita
        
        Augustyn Józef Czartoryski (1907–1946), married Princess Maria de los Dolores of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
        Adam Karol Czartoryski (b. 1940), married Nora Picciotto and Josette Calil
        Tamara Czartoryska (b. 1978)
        
        Konstanty Adam Czartoryski (1773–1860), married Princess Aniela Radziwiłł h. Trąby and Maria Dzierżanowska h. Gozdawa
        Jerzy Konstanty Czartoryski (1828–1912), married Maria Joanna Czermak
        Witold Leon Czartoryski (1864–1945), married Countess Jadwiga Dzieduszycka h. Sas
        Włodzimierz Alfons Czartoryski (1895–1975), married Countess Zofia Tyszkiewicz h. Leliwa
        Professor Paweł Czartoryski (1924–1999)
        
        Beatified Jan Franciszek Czartoryski (1897–1944)
        
        Roman Jacek Czartoryski (1898–1958), married Countess Teresa Janina Zamoyska h. Jelita
        
        Piotr Michał Czartoryski (1908–1993), married Countess Anna Zamoyska h. Jelita
        
        Zofia Czartoryska (1780−1873), married Count Stanisław Kostka Zamoyski h. Jelita
        
        Elżbieta Czartoryska (1736–1816), married Stanisław Lubomirski h. Szreniawa
        
        Konstancja Czartoryska (1700–1759), married Stanisław Poniatowski h. Ciołek, mother of the last King of Poland Stanisław August Poniatowski

In Hungary

Piotr Czartoryski ( wife: Lázár Mária)
Mária Lázár (b. Mária Czartoriska) (1895–1983), actress ( mother: Lázár Mária)
Serbán Ivánné (b. Magdolna Irén Czartoryska (mother: Lázár Mária)
sons of Magdolna Iren Czartoryska
Wachtel Elemér
Wachtel Domonkos
Dr Czartoryski Jenö (mother: Lázár Maria)
sons of Jenö Czartoryski
Adam Czartoryski born Budapest, Uppsala, Sweden
Ivan Czartoryski born Budapest, Uppsala, Sweden, architect

Palaces

Gołuchów Castle
Czartoryski Palace in Puławy
Czartoryski Palace in Lublin
Czartoryski Museum in Kraków
Czartoryski Palace in Sieniawa
Konarzew Palace [pl]
Palace in Rokosowo
Palace in Baszków, Łódź Voivodeship
Palace in Pełkinie
Siedlce Palace
Palace in Międzyrzec Podlaski
Potocki Palace, Warsaw
The Blue Palace, Warsaw
Wilanów Palace
Natolin Palace
Former Czartoryski Palace in Kalwaria Zebrzydowska (rebuild)
Temple of the Sibyl, 18th century museum in Puławy
Ruins of the Castle of Czartorysk
Ruins of the Castle of Korets
Ruins of the Czartoryski Palace in Wołczyn (1898)
Castle of Medzhybizh
Ruins of the Castle of Berezhany
Ruins of the Castle of Klevan

References

^ The Encyclopedia Americana–A Library of Universal Knowledge, Volume 23. Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. 1919. p. 131.
^ Lerski, Jerzy Jan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 0313260079.
^ Bain, R. Nisbet (2013). Slavonic Europe : a political history of Poland and Russia from 1447 to 1796. Cambridge University Press. p. 382. ISBN 9781107636910.
^ Lerski, Jerzy Jan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 0313260079.
^ Galkus, Juozas (2009). The Vytis of Lithuania. Vilnius: Vilnius Academy of Arts press. p. 42. ISBN 9789955854449.
^ Łowmiański, Henryk (1998). Zaludnienie państwa litewskiego w wieku XVI : zaludnienie w roku 1528. Poznań: Wydawn. Poznańskie. p. 42. ISBN 9788386138371.
^ Kowalski 2013, p. 296.
^ Karolak M., Genealogia rodu Czartoryskich, www.mariuszkarolak.pl, Puławy 2020
^ Tęgowski J. Który Konstanty — Olgierdowic czy Koriatowic — był przodkiem kniaziów Czartoryskich? // Europa Orientalis. — Toruń, 1996. — S. 53-59.
^ ^a ^b Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki (1996). Historical dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood Publishing. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Kowalski 2013, p. 297.

Kowalski, Mariusz (2013), Księstwa Rzeczpospolitej: państwo magnackie jako region polityczny (in Polish), IGiPZ PAN Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego, ISBN 978-83-61590-27-9, retrieved 5 July 2020