Chōzaburō Tanaka (田中 長三郎, Tanaka Chōzaburō), often Romanized as Tyôzaburô Tanaka[1] (November 3, 1885 in Osaka – June 28, 1976), was a Japanese botanist and mycologist. He established one of the two major taxonomic classification systems for citrus and related genera currently in use,[2][3] and is now considered to be a taxonomic "splitter".[3] He is the author of 180 botanical names in the citrus family Rutaceae,[4] including for example Citrus × latifolia (Persian lime) and Citrus tangerina (tangerine). Many of the species Tanaka described are still recognized, but his overall scheme is not supported by modern genetic research.[3] With Yaichi Shimada, Tanaka issued and distributed specimens in a numbered series resembling an exsiccata under the title Flora of Taiwan. Collected and distributed by Prof. T. Tanaka and Y. Shimada.[5]