Chris Stone (entrepreneur)

Chris Stone
Born1935
San Francisco, California
Died (aged 81)
Occupation(s)Entrepreneur, executive, producer, writer, lecturer, professor
Known forCo-founder of the Record Plant
Co-founder of SPARS

Chris Stone (1935 – September 10, 2016) was an American music industry businessman and writer, and the co-founder with Gary Kellgren of the Record Plant recording studios.[1] Stone founded Filmsonix in 1987, sold the Record Plant in 1989, and was the founder and CEO of World Studio Group. He co-founded the Society of Professional Audio Recording Services (SPARS), and he co-founded the Music Producers Guild of the Americas (MPGA), serving as executive director. The MPGA developed into the Producers & Engineers Wing of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS).[2]

Stone earned an MBA from the UCLA Anderson School of Management, and he lectured online for the Berklee College of Music as well as in person for the USC Thornton School of Music where he was an associate professor.[2] He contributed regularly as a recording industry journalist, his work published by Pro Sound News, Mix and Sound on Sound. He published a book, Audio Recording for Profit: The Sound of Money.

Record Plant, New York City

In the mid-1960s, Stone earned a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree from the UCLA Anderson School of Management and by late 1967 he was employed as the national sales manager of Revlon cosmetics.[3][4] He and his wife Gloria welcomed their first child in New York City.

Stone was introduced to Gary Kellgren, a recording engineer working at several New York City recording studios on sessions for musicians such as Frank Zappa and Jimi Hendrix. Stone and Kellgren met because Kellgren's wife Marta was seven months pregnant and scared of the upcoming birth. Mutual friends thought that the two couples could talk about being parents and ease Marta's worry.[5][3] Though they were "diametrically opposed" in nature, with Stone all business and Kellgren very creative, the two quickly became friends.[4] During his lunch hours, Stone visited Kellgren in the studio, and began to see that Kellgren was not making full use of his genius. Stone noticed that Kellgren was getting only 4 percent of the money that studios were charging, and he helped Kellgren raise that to 20 percent.[6]

Stone convinced Kellgren that the two of them, with $100,000[3] that Stone borrowed from Johanna C.C. "Ancky" Revson Johnson, could start a new recording studio, one with a better atmosphere for creativity. Johnson was a former model who became the second wife of Revlon founder Charles Revson, then divorced and married Ben Johnson.[7] In early 1968 Kellgren and Stone opened a new studio at 321 West 44th Street, creating a living-room-type of environment for the musicians. It opened on March 13, 1968.[6] The studio was one of the first to use an innovative 12-track recorder built by Scully Recording Instruments. As the studio was nearing completion, record producer Tom Wilson persuaded Hendrix producer Chas Chandler to book the Record Plant from April 18 to early July 1968, for the recording of the album Electric Ladyland. In early April, just prior to the start of the Jimi Hendrix Experience session, the band Soft Machine spent four days recording The Soft Machine; their debut album, produced by Wilson and Chandler, with Kellgren engineering.[8]

In 1969, Kellgren and Stone sold the New York operation to TeleVision Communications (TVC), a cable television company that was broadening its portfolio.[9] The purpose of the sale was to gain cash for expansion into Los Angeles with a second studio.

Record Plant, Los Angeles

Opening celebration in Los Angeles, December 4, 1969. Pictured L to R: Attorney Tom Butler, producer Tom Wilson, investors Ben Johnson and Ancky Johnson (cutting cake), founders Chris Stone and Gary Kellgren.

Seeing the early success of the New York studio, Kellgren and Stone decided to move to the West Coast and open another one in Los Angeles. One of the first employees of the studio would be Chris' nephew, Mike D. Stone. To design the studio, they contracted with Tom Hidley who had built TTG Studios in 1965, and was becoming known in L.A. for answering the high-decibel needs of rock music.[1] Hidley was brought on board as the "third musketeer", according to Stone.[10] On December 4, 1969, the new studio opened its doors on 8456 West Third Street near La Cienega Boulevard. Sometimes known as "Record Plant West", the new studio held a 16-track recorder, larger than the 12-track system in New York (occasionally called "Record Plant East"), and studio time was 20 to 25 percent less expensive than typical studios in New York.[1] Stone intended the Record Plant to stay innovative and retain the prestige of an industry leader, so in 1970 he installed a 24-track tape recorder. It was a very large machine assembled by Hidley at the cost of $42,000 but in the next three years it was used on only a few sessions.[4]

Stone described the studios as being so accommodating that people would tend to hang out rather than leave. He said sometimes musicians would "come and live at the Record Plant for a while" because they could sleep, eat, drink, party and play music.[11] Keith Moon and John Lennon were important enough clients to be given a gold key to the facility. Stone said, "They would come in at three in the morning and help themselves to a beer."[11] If the musicians' antics wrecked any part of the studio—which "was a given" for Moon, according to Stone—they were not scolded or turned out; Stone said he simply charged the recording project an inflated fee for repairs.[11]

Stone and Kellgren had profited enough to buy back their studio from Warner Communications, and at the same time expand northward with the Sausalito Music Factory, a Northern California location, the third and final Record Plant studio.[9] As well, the duo widened their scope with more remote recording dates in 1973 including performances by Alice Cooper, Vikki Carr, Sly Stone, Todd Rundgren, Joe Walsh and Rod Stewart.[12]

In July 1977, Kellgren drowned in the swimming pool at his Hollywood home. Guitarist Ronnie Wood wrote that Kellgren was probably electrocuted while trying to fix some underwater speakers in his pool,[13] but the cause of death remains uncertain. The loss of his friend and business partner hit Stone hard. Stone was suddenly responsible for keeping all three studios operating, but he concentrated his attention on Los Angeles. He slowly began to lose interest in the Sausalito location.[5]

Studio C was destroyed by fire in January 1978

Studio C was destroyed in an electrical fire on January 10, 1978. Stone took the setback as an opportunity to update the equipment. During the next 13 months, Studio C was rebuilt and fitted with radical new gear. In February 1979, Stephen Stills became the first major-label American artist to record on digital recording and mastering equipment, a 3M system installed to replace the previous analog system.[14]

The L.A. operation expanded further in the early 1980s, equipping two more remote recording trucks. The three trucks held consoles made by Automated Processes, Inc. (API).

Dan Wallin at the Solid State Logic desk, Studio C, Record Plant, Third Street

In 1982, Stone leased sound stages M and L at the Paramount Pictures studio lot, for film sound recordings. Veteran film scoring engineer Dan Wallin assisted Stone in the redesign of the studios and the selection of equipment, including Solid State Logic (SSL) consoles and Hidley studio monitors based on JBL components.[15] Soundtracks that the Record Plant tracked and mixed there include ones forFlashdance, Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, Annie, 48 Hrs., and An Officer and a Gentleman. Wallin and Stone gave recording industry talks at the Paramount's Scoring Studio M in September 1982, describing how the recording business should expand into motion pictures to counteract flagging profit margins. Stone said that, in order to be recognized by the film worker unions, he formed a separate business entity called Record Plant Scoring, and hired a separate crew of union engineers.[15]

In 1985 as part of a planned expansion, the Record Plant's Third Street facility closed with hundreds of its customers and staff taking part in "The Last Jam".[16] In January 1986 the Record Plant reopened at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue in Hollywood in the former Radio Recorders "Annex", a historic studio where Elvis Presley and Louis Armstrong recorded.[16]

On December 8, 1987, Stone sold 50% plus one share of the Los Angeles studio to Chrysalis Records under Sir George Martin, with Stone continuing to manage the facility.[16] In 1989 he sold the remainder and left it under Chrysalis management.[16]

Later career

Stone founded Audio Intervisual Design (AID) in 1984 and brought on ex-Sony Pro Audio executive Rick Plushner and Jim Pace to operate the pro audio sales company with the purpose of integrating traditional recording studio audio-only skills with visual media such as television and film. Plushner told reporters that the "next frontier" in audio is digital film sound.[17] Stone said that the Record Plant was not going to abandon its roots in audio-only recordings. By 1986, Jim Pace and Jeff Evans purchased the company from Stone and operated out of the Record Plant facilities unit 1992, continuing currently in West Hollywood.

In 1987, Stone established Filmsonix, a consulting firm for the recording studio industry. Filmsonix provided consulting services to hardware manufacturers, recording studios and record labels.[2]

In 1992 Stone founded the World Studio Group (WSG) for the purpose of bringing together major recording studios around the world in order to provide premium recording services to major groups while on tour. World Studio Group was chosen by Larry Hamby of A&M Records who proposed Stone's involvement with Woodstock '94.[18] Stone arranged for four remote recording trucks, two for each stage, at Woodstock '94, as a safety backup in case something went wrong. Bearsville Studios would serve as the hub of recording. Bob Clearmountain was chosen as chief audio engineer to tie the four parts together, and to mix the resulting album. Stone arranged to have a tour bus parked between the two stages for as many as 12 audio engineers to sleep. After Peter Gabriel's concluding set ended in the wee hours of Monday, August 15, 1994, Stone's plan was carried out: all of the performances were digitally copied and backed up in the next two days.[19] Not one song was lost.

Stone's WSG also provided audio recording oversight to the Rolling Stones on their 1997–1998 Bridges to Babylon Tour through South America and Europe.[20]

In January 2016, Stone and Kellgren were inducted into the TEC Awards Hall of Fame at the NAMM Show, honoring their co-founding of the Record Plant. Also inducted was Jeff "Skunk" Baxter of Steely Dan and the Doobie Brothers.[21][22] Stone died at the age of 81 on September 10, 2016, of a heart attack and stroke.[23]

References

  1. ^ a b c Stone, Chris (2005). "The L.A. Gold (Record) Rush: A quarter century of studio excellence from La La Land". In Anthony Savona (ed.). Console confessions: the great music producers in their own words. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp. 49–53. ISBN 0-87930-860-5. Stone's article first appeared in EQ magazine in November 1996.
  2. ^ a b c "Chris Stone: Music Business". Berklee School of Music. Retrieved September 9, 2011.
  3. ^ a b c Goggin, David (1988). "The Record Plant at 20". Mix.
  4. ^ a b c Schwartz, David (September 1978). "Chris Stone interview". Mix.
  5. ^ a b Johnson, Heather (2006). "16 – The Record Plant: New Roots". If These Halls Could Talk: A Historical Tour Through San Francisco Recording Studios. Thomson Course Technology. pp. 191–204. ISBN 1-59863-141-1. A copy of the Record Plant chapter is hosted online by the author as "The Record Plant: Magical Seeds Archived 2008-07-05 at the Wayback Machine"
  6. ^ a b Stone, Chris; Goggin, David (2000). Audio recording for profit: the sound of money. Focal Press. p. 267. ISBN 0-240-80386-8.
  7. ^ Kessler, Ronald (2000). The Season: The Secret Life of Palm Beach and America's Richest Society. HarperCollins. p. 19. ISBN 0-06-109842-6.
  8. ^ Bennett, Graham (2005). Soft machine: out-bloody-rageous. SAF Publishing Ltd. pp. 134–135. ISBN 0-946719-84-5.
  9. ^ a b "Buy Back Record Plant". Billboard. Vol. 84, no. 44. Nielsen Business Media. October 28, 1972. p. 22. ISSN 0006-2510.
  10. ^ Stone, 2000, p. 235
  11. ^ a b c Fletcher, Tony (2000). Moon: The Life and Death of a Rock Legend. HarperCollins. pp. 428, 435. ISBN 0-380-78827-6.
  12. ^ Sutherland, Sam (October 6, 1973). "Studio Track". Billboard. Vol. 85, no. 40. Nielsen Business Media. p. 14. ISSN 0006-2510.
  13. ^ Wood, Ronnie (2007). Ronnie: The Autobiography. Macmillan. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-312-36652-0.
  14. ^ "CBS-Stills In 1st Rock Digital Date". Billboard. Vol. 91, no. 7. Nielsen Business Media. February 17, 1979. p. 1. ISSN 0006-2510.
  15. ^ a b Sutherland, Sam (September 11, 1982). "SPARS Head to Studios: Seek Film Work". Billboard. Vol. 94, no. 36. Nielsen Business Media. p. 29. ISSN 0006-2510.
  16. ^ a b c d Stone, 2000, p. 270
  17. ^ Sutherland, Sam (February 23, 1985). "Record Plant Complex Takes Shape: Sony's Plushner To Head AID Division". Billboard. Vol. 97, no. 84. Nielsen Business Media. p. 32. ISSN 0006-2510.
  18. ^ Audio recording for profit, 2000, p. 257
  19. ^ Audio recording for profit, 2000, p. 264
  20. ^ Audio recording for profit, 2000, p. xvii
  21. ^ "2016 NAMM TEC Awards: A Recap on the Technical Achievement Winners". 21 July 2024.
  22. ^ "Hall of Fame | TEC Awards".
  23. ^ "Christopher Stone, Dead at 81". 12 September 2016.

Read other articles:

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (أغسطس 2019) هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسي...

 

Maltese Gibraltarians LanguagesEnglish, Spanish, Maltese, LlanitoReligionLargely Roman CatholicRelated ethnic groupsMaltese diaspora Part of a series on theCulture of Gibraltar History People Genoese Jews Maltese Languages English Llanito Andalusian Spanish Cuisine Religion Roman Catholicism Judaism Islam Hinduism Music and Performing arts Breed 77 Melon Diesel Taxi Media Television Sport Victoria Stadium Football in Gibraltar Gibraltar Football Association National football team Rugby union ...

 

Murder on the Orient ExpressBerkas:Murder on the Orient Express - UK poster.pngPoster film Inggris asliSutradara Sidney Lumet Produser John Brabourne Richard B. Goodwin Ditulis oleh Paul Dehn SkenarioPaul DehnBerdasarkanMurder on the Orient Express1934 noveloleh Agatha ChristiePemeranAlbert FinneyLauren BacallMartin BalsamIngrid BergmanJacqueline BissetJean-Pierre CasselSean ConneryJohn GielgudWendy HillerAnthony PerkinsVanessa RedgraveRachel RobertsRichard WidmarkMichael YorkPenata mus...

Distrito de karkonoskiPowiat karkonoski Powiat BanderaEscudo Localización del powiat karkonoski en Baja Silesia Coordenadas 50°51′32″N 15°39′35″E / 50.858833333333, 15.659638888889Capital Jelenia GóraEntidad Powiat • País  Polonia • Voivodato  Baja SilesiaSubdivisiones 9 gminaSuperficie Puesto 242.º • Total 627.14 km²Población (2019) Puesto 188.º • Total 63 591 hab. • Densidad 101,93 hab/km²Huso hora...

 

American racing driver Taylor HaglerNationalityAmericanBorn (1995-10-04) October 4, 1995 (age 28)Bulverde, Texas, United StatesMichelin Pilot Challenge careerDebut season2020Current teamBryan Herta AutosportCar number1Former teamsLA Honda World RacingStarts39Wins2Podiums13Poles1Fastest laps1Previous series2021–20222019–202120192019GT World Challenge AmericaTC America Series24H SeriesSCCA Majors Championship NationwideChampionship titles2021, 2022Michelin Pilot Challenge – TCRLast u...

 

Опис файлу Опис герб села Левківка Джерело власна робота Час створення 2004 Автор зображення А. Гречило Ліцензія Відповідно до статті 8 Закону України про авторське право і суміжні права, наступні об'єкти не охороняються авторським правом: 1) повідомлення про новини або інш...

Pulau ZavodovskiCitra NASA dari Pulau ZavodovskiPulau ZavodovskiLokasi di Georgia Selatan dan Kepulauan Sandwich Selatan.GeografiLokasiSamudra SelatanKoordinat56°18′S 27°34′W / 56.300°S 27.567°W / -56.300; -27.567Koordinat: 56°18′S 27°34′W / 56.300°S 27.567°W / -56.300; -27.567Luas14.7 km2Panjang5 kmLebar5 kmTitik tertinggiGunung Asfiksia (551 m)PemerintahanNegaraBritania Raya (diperdebatkan dengan A...

 

Museo de Blindados de Kúbinka Бронетанковый музей в Кубинке Entrada al Museo. UbicaciónPaís Rusia RusiaDivisión Óblast de Moscú Óblast de MoscúLocalidad KubinkaCoordenadas 55°33′54″N 36°42′56″E / 55.56513611, 36.715525Tipo y coleccionesTipo público* Género militar* Época Segunda Guerra MundialHistoria y gestiónCreación 1 de agosto de 1938 (85 años)Inauguración 10 de septiembre de 1972Información para visitantesVisitantes...

 

Perkamen yang sudah selesai yang merupakan khas Eropa Tengah (Utara) dan dibuat dari kulit kambing serta direntang pada sebuah bingkai kayu. Perkamen atau kertas puyer adalah media untuk menulis yang dibuat dari kulit binatang.[1] Yang biasa dipakai ialah kulit sapi, kambing, biri-biri, domba, dan keledai. Perkamen digunakan sebagai halaman dalam sebuah buku, kodeks atau naskah. Perkamen berbeda dengan kulit yang dipakai sebagai bahan. Meski perkamen dalam proses pembuatannya direndam...

Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Bogor ᮓᮦᮝᮔ᮪ ᮕᮀᮝᮊᮤᮜ᮪ ᮛᮠᮚᮒ᮪ ᮓᮆᮛᮂ ᮊᮧᮒ ᮘᮧᮌᮧᮁDéwan Pangwakil Rahayat Daérah Kota BogorDewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Bogor2019-2024JenisJenisUnikameral SejarahSesi baru dimulai20 Agustus 2019PimpinanKetuaH. Atang Trisnanto, S.Hut., M.Si. (PKS) sejak 26 September 2019 Wakil Ketua IJenal Mutaqin, S.H. (Gerindra) sejak 26 September 2019 Wakil Ketua IIH. Dadang Iskandar Danubrata, S.E. (PDI...

 

إصابة في اليد. إصابة قطع في القدم. إصابة مخترقة العين. تدريب على سقوط شخص. إصابة مهنية هي تلف جسدي ناتج عن العمل. أكثر الأعضاء شيوعًا هي العمود الفقري واليدين والرأس والرئتين والعينين والهيكل العظمي والجلد. يؤدي التعرض للمخاطر المهنية (الجسدية أو الكيميائية أو البيولوجية أو...

 

2014 Thai filmSkin TradeTheatrical release posterDirected byEkachai UekrongthamWritten by Dolph Lundgren Gabriel Dowrick Steven Elder Produced by Craig Baumgarten Dolph Lundgren Mike Selby Starring Dolph Lundgren Tony Jaa Michael Jai White Ron Perlman Peter Weller CinematographyBen NottEdited byVictor Du BoisMusic byJacob GrothProductioncompaniesBMP ProductionsSC Films Thailand[nb 1]Thor PicturesDistributed byHyde Park InternationalMagnet ReleasingSC Films ThailandRelease dates Novemb...

Михайло РудьРудь Михайло Борисович  Сержант Загальна інформаціяНародження 1988(1988)с. Хмельове (з 2020 року - Гришковецької селищної територіальної громади) Бердичівського району Житомирської області, Українська РСР, СРСРСмерть 25 березня 2022(2022-03-25)під селом Кам'янка Ізюмс...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Partir, revenir – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1985 French filmPartir, revenirDirected byClaude LelouchWritten by Claude Lelouch Julie Pavesi Jérôme Tonnerre Pierre Uytterhoeven S...

 

This article is about Germans of Uruguayan descent. For Uruguayans of German descent, see German Uruguayans. Uruguayans in Germany3,200Distribution of Uruguayan citizens in Germany (2021)Regions with significant populationsHamburg, Frankfurt am Main, BerlinLanguagesSpanish language German languageReligionPredominantly Roman CatholicismRelated ethnic groupsUruguayan diaspora Uruguayans in Germany are people born in Uruguay who live in Germany, or German-born people of Uruguayan descent. Overvi...

For the film, see No Country for Old Men. 2005 novel by Cormac McCarthy No Country for Old Men First edition coverAuthorCormac McCarthyCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishPublisherAlfred A. KnopfPublication dateJuly 19, 2005Media typePrint (hardback and paperback)Pages320 pp (hardback edition)ISBN0-375-40677-8 (Hardback edition)OCLC57352812Dewey Decimal813/.54 22LC ClassPS3563.C337 N6 2005 No Country for Old Men is a 2005 novel by American author Cormac McCarthy, who had originally w...

 

Canadian pay television channel Television channel MakefulCountryCanadaBroadcast areaCanadaHeadquartersToronto, OntarioProgrammingLanguage(s)EnglishPicture format480i (SDTV)OwnershipOwnerBlue Ant MediaSister channelsBBC EarthBBC FirstCottage Life Love NatureSmithsonian ChannelT+EHistoryLaunchedMarch 5, 2005; 18 years ago (2005-03-05)Former namesBiteTV (2005–2015)LinksWebsitetv.bemakeful.com Makeful is a Canadian pay television channel owned by Blue Ant Media focused on lif...

 

Radio station in Roanoke, AlabamaWLWERoanoke, AlabamaFrequency1360 kHzBrandingEagle Sports 1360ProgrammingFormatSportsAffiliationsCBS Sports RadioOwnershipOwnerEagle's Nest, Inc.Sister stationsWELR-FM, WLAGHistoryFirst air dateMarch 10, 1950 (as WELR)[1]Former call signsWELR (1950-2013)Technical informationFacility ID18134ClassDPower1,000 watts (day)54 watts (night)Transmitter coordinates33°09′45″N 85°22′30″W / 33.16250°N 85.37500°W / 33.16250; -85....

Tuyuhun吐谷渾284–670Tuyuhun, Kekhaganan Rouran, Yueban, dan Wei UtaraStatusKerajaanIbu kotaFuqi (kini Gonghe, Qinghai)Bahasa yang umum digunakanTuyuhunPemerintahanMonarkiKhagan • 284-317 Murong Tuyuhun• 635-672 Murong Nuohebo Sejarah • Didirikan 284• Bawahan Tiongkok Tang 634• Dihancurkan oleh Kekaisaran Tibet 670 Digantikan oleh Kekaisaran Tibet Sekarang bagian dariTiongkok Tuyuhun (Hanzi: 吐谷渾; rekonstruksi bahasa Tionghoa Han ...

 

American college football season 2018 Samford Bulldogs footballConferenceSouthern ConferenceRecord6–5 (5–3 SoCon)Head coachChris Hatcher (4th season)Offensive coordinatorRuss Callaway (3rd season)Defensive coordinatorBill D'Ottavio (12th season)Home stadiumSeibert Stadium(Capacity: 6,700)Seasons← 20172019 → 2018 Southern Conference football standings vte Conf Overall Team   W   L     W   L   No. 13 Wofford +^   6...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!