Chocimska Street is a historical street of downtown Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Location
The street is located in the district of Bocianowo, in the north of the city center.
Running on a southeast–northwest axis, it mirrors Jana Karola Chodkiewicza street on the western side of Gdańska Street. On its path, it crosses Kościuszki street before ending to the west on Pomorska street.
History
In the 19th century, the area to the north of the city of Bromberg was devoted to farming. One of them, a folwark, was called Bocianowo. It gave its name to the district where is located Chocimska Street.
The first reference of the path goes back to 1880: this year, the address book of Bromberg mentions the street under the naming Sedan Straße. At that time, only ten plots had been built.[1] Most of the constructions happened in two decades, from 1890 to 1910.[2][3]
Until the outset of WWII, Chocimska street was ending to the west at the barracks. The latter had been built in the 1870s, then used by the Prussian "14th (3rd Pomeranian) Infantry Regiment "Count Schwerin" " infantry and later billeted the Polish "61st Infantry Regiment" till the 1930s.[4]
During the occupation, Chocimska street (then anew "Sedan straße") was extended through the ancient barracks (see "Londynek" below) to reach Pomorska street (renamed at the time "Robert Ley straße").[5]
Apart from the isolated renovations that are occurring regularly, a project of tram line is being studied, connecting the main train station to the main axis, Gdańska street, through Chocimska street. Consultations have been launched among the population by the city authorities at the end of 2021.[6]
Naming
During its existence, the street bore the following names:[7]
From 1880 till 1920, Sedanstraße, in reference to the Battle of Sedan won by the Prussian forces during the Franco-Prussian War in September 1870;
1920–1939, Ulica Chocimska;
1939–1945, Sedanstraße;
Since 1945, Ulica Chocimska.
The current naming refers to the city of Khotyn (Polish: Chocim), today in Ukraine.
Khotyn/Chocim has been under Lithuanian-Polish domination from 1432 to 1699 (discontinuously). The place has been the site of two important battles against the Ottoman Empire in 1621 and 1673.
Main edifices
Reinhold Zschiesche Tenement at 1, corner with Gdańska Street
Refurbished in 2021,[12] the building displays a mix of stuccoed elements (bossage, cartouches) and plain bricks. One can notice the ground floor logia topped two level up by a terrace. The eaves are adorned with corbel tables. Such structure recalls a similar building at 31 Sienkiewicza street.
Original address was "16 Sedan straße", the owner being Albert Hohensee, a mason.[14]
The main elevation reflects the facade opposite at 7, with an Art Nouveau style entrance door, ogee-shaped wall gables but for additional set of balconies.
Initial owner was Friedrich ßäßnick, a masonry foreman.[10]
The building has been overhauled in 2021. Although most of the facade details have been lost, one can appreciate the preserved portal boasting a lintel with a lion head flanked by eagles and festoons. The wooden door displays late Art Nouveau features.
The tenement was first listed at "Königstraße 45" (today's Kościuszki street), owned by a merchand, Friedrich Guse.[16] At the turn of the 20th century, another merchant, Antoni Cywiński, purchased[17] and kept it till the start of WWII.[15]
Distinctive style facades with eclectic details (pediments, empty cartouches, bossage on the corner elevation) mixed with plain orange bricks.
Corner view
Door onto Chocimska street
Former factory building at 27 Kościuszki, corner with Chocimska street
In 1906, a 5 hectares (12 acres) plot of land at the corner of Kościuszki and Chocimska streets, in downtown district, was bought by shoe-business entrepreneur Antoni Weynerowski[18] to increase the capacity of his former workshop in 34 Swiętej Trojcy street (non existent today). Antoni asked architect Paul Sellner to design a modern factory complex[19] with two storeys, an attic, facilities for workers and a freight elevator.
The tenement was initially the property of Franz ßawlowski, a mason living at today's 26, who put it for renting.[20]
Nicely renovated in 2017, both elevations exhibit stuccoed motifs around the openings, a corbel table on the eaves as well as a delicate mascaron above the entrance on Chocimska street.
Jan Dąbrowski was the first landlord of this villa at then "9 ulica Chocimska".[22] He was running a construction company (Polish: Przędsiebiorstwo budowlane).
Despite the ruined elevations, one can make out the entrance door with Art Nouveau details, the avant-corps topped by a terrace as well as the distinctive shape of the wall-gable.
The previous building, from the late 19th century, was owned by Franz ßawlowski, a mason, also the landlord the villa at 16.[24] He lived there till WWI.[14] In 1920, the current house has been erected.[23] It went through a renovation in 2021–2022.[23]
Worth noticing are the adorned lintels of the first floor windows and the triangular pediment above the entrance displaying a woman figure with roses.
These buildings are the remnants of military barracks where was billeted the "Prussian Infantry Regiment Nr.148" (German: 5. Westpreußisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 148),[26] from 1878 till the outbreak of World War I. The construction of the barracks was conducted by Albin Cohnfeld, a wealthy merchant of the city.[27]
After 1920, premises housed the Polish "61st Infantry Regiment" (Polish: 61 Pułk Piechoty) till 1933.[28] In 1936,[27] the military fencing was razed and most of the barracks were transformed into a housing estate for the poor.[23]
The area is dubbed "Londynek" (Small London) for houses' likeness to some 19th century London half timbered buildings.[29] Some edifices are today inhabited, others are being renovated as part of a local urban revitalization project.[30]
^Zdzisław Sawicki, Adam Wielechowski (2007). Odznaki Wojska Polskiego 1918–1945: Katalog Zbioru Falerystycznego: Wojsko Polskie 1918–1939: Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie. Warsaw: Pantera Books. p. 104. ISBN9788320432992.
^Stadt bauamt Bromberg (1941). "Stadtplan Bromberg" (Map). Bromberg(jpg). 1;25000 (in German). Bydgoszcz: Graphischer Deutsche Rundschau Bromberg. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
^ abcdefghijklmGmina Ewidencja Zabytków Miasta Bydgoszczy Zarządzenie 439/2015. Bydgoszcz: Miasta Bydgoszczy. 7 August 2015. p. 5.
^ abcDerkowska-Kostkowska, Bogna (2001). Józef Swiecicki – szkic biografii bydgoskiego budowniczego. Materialy do Dziejów Kultury i Sztuki Bydgoszczy i Regionu, zeszyt 6. Bydgoszcz: Dokumentacji i Popularyzacji Zabytków Wojewódzkiego Osrodka Kultury w Bydgoszczy. pp. 41–43.
