Charles T. Duncan

Charles T. Duncan
Personal details
Born	July 9, 1838 Jonesville, Virginia, U.S.
Died	September 29, 1915 Gate City, Virginia, U.S.
Spouse(s)	Mary Martin Ella Holliday
Profession	Politician, lawyer, judge
Military service
Allegiance	Virginia Confederate States of America
Branch/service	Virginia Militia Confederate States Army
Rank	Lieutenant (CSA)
Unit	37th Virginia Infantry
Battles/wars	Battle of Gaines' Mill Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

Charles Taylor Duncan (July 9, 1838 – September 29, 1915)^[1] was an American nineteenth-century Virginia lawyer and state judge, who also served as a Confederate officer during the American Civil War, then after his release and pardon, as a delegate to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1868.

Early and family life

Born on July 9, 1838, Charles Duncan was the first surviving son born to farmer John Henry Duncan (1812–1879) (who represented Scott County in the Virginia House of Delegates 1853–1854) and his first wife Elizabeth Carter. The family would include younger brother William and several half-sisters, who were born to Duncan's second wife Jane Pendleton.^[2] His grandfather was one of the first settlers at Moccasin Gap, and his great-grandmother sheltered at Fort Blackmore during Indian raids in the Revolutionary War era.

Charles Duncan married Mary Martin (1848–1885), daughter of Col. W. S. Martin on September 20, 1860, and they had a daughter Maggie in 1872. After her death, Duncan married Ella Holliday (1855–1930), and had two sons: Charles T. Duncan (1893– ) and Paul H. Duncan (1895– ).^[3]

Confederate military officer

Shortly after Virginia seceded from the Union, on May 10, 1861, Charles Taylor Duncan enlisted as a private in the 37th Virginia Infantry at Estillville, Virginia. Lt.Col. Simms appointed him as the battalion's adjutant by March 1862.^[4] Duncan became a lieutenant on the staff of Colonel Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822–1862), a VMI graduate and veteran of the Mexican war who had been a local lawyer and judge. At the Battle of Gaines' Mill on June 26, 1862, he was beside Colonel Fulkerson when he received his fatal wound. On May 12, 1864, Duncan was captured and imprisoned during the early stages of the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House.^[5] During his imprisonment, he read law.^[6] His brother William Robert Duncan (1839–1913) also enlisted and survived the war.

Postwar career

Duncan listed himself as a merchant on the first postwar census.^[7] He was admitted to the Virginia bar and practiced law for four decades, first listing himself as a lawyer in the 1880 Census.^[8]

Voters from Lee, Scott and Wise Counties elected Duncan as one of two delegate from those counties to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1868, where he represented Conservative interests alongside Republican Andrew Melbourn.^[9][10] Duncan later won election (and re-election) as Commonwealth Attorney of Lee County, Virginia, and served in that position for eight years before becoming a noted criminal defense attorney in southwest Virginia. The Virginia General Assembly elected him a county court judge.

Death

Duncan died in his sleep while visiting Gate City, Virginia on September 29, 1915, after giving an oration and unveiling a commemorative plaque on the centennial of the creation of Scott County's first courthouse.^[11]

References

1. "Centennial Orator Found Dead in His Room", Richmond Times-Dispatch (October 1, 1915), p. 5.
2. only Sarah remained by the 1860 Federal census, which listed John Duncan (head of household for family 1448) as owning 2000 worth of real estate and his wife as a weaver, and also noted that only Sarah attended school; the family does not appear on the 1850 nor 1860 slave schedules
3. in the 1910 U.S. Federal Census for Jonesville District 28, Lee County, Virginia, brother-in-law George Holliday also lived with the family
4. Letter of Brig.Gen. Humphrey Marshall dated March 13, 1862, in Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies 1861–1865 Serial No. 11 (vol.10, part 2)
5. U.S. Civil War Prisoner of War Records.
6. "Genealogy - Charles T. Duncan - Samuel V. Fulkerson - Mary Martin - Ella Holliday - Paul Duncan - Gate City, Virginia".
7. U.S. Federal Census for Taylor, Scott County, Virginia family No. 283
8. U.S. Federal Census for Jonesville, Lee county Virginia district 40, family 106
9. Cynthia Lee Miller, Virginia General Assembly 1619–1978 (Richmond, Virginia State Library 1978) p. 505
10. Andrew Melbourn may have been either a wealthy and slave-owning 58-year-old farmer in the 1860 census for Lee County's Western District who was born in Washington County, Virginia, or his son Andrew J. Melbourn born in 1835
11. Robert M. Addington, History of Scott County, Virginia p. 254-256 (Kingsport Press, 1932)