Ch'iyar Qullu (Oruro)

This article is about the mountain in the Ladislao Cabrera Province, Oruro Department, Bolivia. For other uses, see Ch'iyar Qullu.

Ch'iyar Qullu
Ch'iyar Qullu Location in Bolivia
Highest point
Coordinates	19°26′00″S 67°23′00″W[1][2]
Geography
Location	Bolivia, Oruro Department, Ladislao Cabrera Province
Parent range	Andes

Ch'iyar Qullu (Aymara ch'iyara black, qullu mountain,^[3] "black mountain", also spelled Chiar Kkollu) is a volcanic centre in Bolivia. It is located in the Oruro Department, Ladislao Cabrera Province, Salinas de Garci Mendoza Municipality, northeast of Salinas de Garci Mendoza, near a maar named Jayu Quta ("salt lake").^[4]

It is a sill formed from primitive phyric alkali basalt that closely resembles ocean island basalt in composition and now appears as a hill. The rocks contain augite and olivine and the eruption site coincides with a local lineament^[2][5] and is of Miocene age,^[6] with dates of 22.51±0.45 mya by Ar-Ar dating and 25.2±0.5 mya by K-Ar dating.^[5] The Ch'iyar Qullu magmas are Central Andes intraplate magmas and originate from the upper mantle.^[7]

References

1. Pierre Soler, Gabriel Carlier, Michel G. Bonhomme, Michel FornariFORNARI, Field Observations and K-Ar DAting of the Cerro Chiar Kkollu (Southern Altiplano, Bolivia), Second ISAG, Oxford (UK), 21-23/9/1993 (see coordinates and sketch map)
2. Davidson, Jon P.; de Silva, Shanaka L. (1992). "Volcanic rocks from the Bolivian Altiplano: Insights into crustal structure, contamination, and magma genesis in the central Andes". Geology. 20 (12): 1127. Bibcode:1992Geo....20.1127D. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<1127:VRFTBA>2.3.CO;2.
3. Radio San Gabriel, "Instituto Radiofonico de Promoción Aymara" (IRPA) 1993, Republicado por Instituto de las Lenguas y Literaturas Andinas-Amazónicas (ILLLA-A) 2011, Transcripción del Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara, P. Ludovico Bertonio 1612 (Spanish-Aymara-Aymara-Spanish dictionary)
4. "Salinas de Garco Mendoza". INE, Bolivia. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
5. Davidson, Jon P.; de Silva, Shanaka L. (April 1995). "Late Cenozoic magmatism of the Bolivian Altiplano". Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 119 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:1995CoMP..119..387D. doi:10.1007/BF00286937. S2CID 140667305.
6. McLeod, C. L.; Davidson, J. P.; Nowell, G. M.; de Silva, S. L. (26 March 2012). "Disequilibrium melting during crustal anatexis and implications for modeling open magmatic systems" (PDF). Geology. 40 (5): 435–438. Bibcode:2012Geo....40..435M. doi:10.1130/G33000.1.
7. Mazzuoli, R.; Vezzoli, L.; Omarini, R.; Acocella, V.; Gioncada, A.; Matteini, M.; Dini, A.; Guillou, H.; Hauser, N.; Uttini, A.; Scaillet, S. (7 November 2008). "Miocene magmatism and tectonics of the easternmost sector of the Calama-Olacapato-El Toro fault system in Central Andes at 24 S: Insights into the evolution of the Eastern Cordillera" (PDF). Geological Society of America Bulletin. 120 (11–12): 1493–1517. Bibcode:2008GSAB..120.1493M. doi:10.1130/B26109.1.