Black Butte (Siskiyou County, California)

This article is about the lava dome near Mount Shasta in California. For other uses, see Black Butte.
Black Butte
Black Butte, looking north from Interstate 5
Highest point
Elevation6,334 ft (1,931 m) NAVD 88[1]
Coordinates41°21′59″N 122°20′53″W / 41.36634515°N 122.347982333°W / 41.36634515; -122.347982333[1]
Geography
Black Butte is located in California
Black Butte
Black Butte
Parent rangeCascades
Topo mapUSGS City of Mount Shasta
Geology
Rock ageHolocene[2]
Mountain typeLava dome[2]
Volcanic arcCascade Volcanic Arc[3]
Last eruptionAbout 9,500 years ago[2]
Climbing
Easiest routeTrail[4]
Sunset over Black Butte
Black Butte seen with I-5 near the city of Mount Shasta

Black Butte (formerly Wintoon Butte, Cone Mountain, Sugar Loaf and Muir's Peak[5]) is a cluster of overlapping dacite lava domes in a butte,[2] a satellite cone of Mount Shasta.[6] It is located directly adjacent to the northbound lanes of Interstate 5 at milepost 742 between the cities of Mount Shasta and Weed, California. The I-5 freeway crosses a 3,912 ft (1,192 m) pass, Black Butte Summit, at the western base of the lava domes. The lava domes were extruded at the foot of the cone of Shastina following the period of its major eruptions about 9,000–10,000 years ago.[2]

Summit

A United States Forest Service fire lookout tower was built on the summit in the early 1930s, but destroyed during the Columbus Day Storm of 1962. A new lookout was built in 1963 and operated until 1973. The building was moved by helicopter to a new location in 1975 and only the concrete foundation remains today. A 2.5-mile-long (4.0 km) trail leads to the summit from a trailhead accessible by gravel roads off the Everitt Memorial Highway.[7] The summit boasts an outstanding view of the southwest side of Shasta and Shastina, and on clear days Mount McLoughlin is easily visible 70 miles (113 km) to the north in Oregon. Lassen Peak is visible around 80 miles (129 km) to the south.[8]

Train station

From 1887 to 1911, Black Butte Summit was the name of a station on the Southern Pacific (SP) Siskiyou Line near Summit Lake, about a mile south of Black Butte.[9] In 1924-1926, the Natron Cutoff was built by SP as an alternative to the steep Siskiyou route and a small rail yard, wye, and train orders office were built at the present site of Black Butte on the rerouted line.[9] The station opened on September 1, 1926.[9] In the early 1940s, the station was moved to the opposite side of the tracks and the yard was expanded.[9] The station included a water tank, and housing for the railroad workers; the water tank still exists on the site.[9] SP workers and their families, including railway signal maintenance workers, lived at the station until the early 1970s.[9] The train orders office operated until 1966, when Centralized traffic control (CTC) replaced the train orders operator; the train orders office was destroyed by a derailing freight train on October 31, 1970.[9]

In 1992, the SP suspended operations over its Siskiyou line in favor of the Cascade Line.[10] The Siskiyou Line was leased to Central Oregon and Pacific Railroad (CORP) in 1995 (the line closed again in 2008).[10] The Southern Pacific was taken over by Union Pacific on September 11, 1996.[10]

The Amtrak Coast Starlight derailed at Black Butte on December 7, 2000; one Amtrak engineer was injured.[11]

The Coast Starlight occasionally changes crews at Black Butte instead of the usual location at Klamath Falls, Oregon.[11]

Railroad

The Black Butte Subdivision of the UP starts in Klamath Falls and ends in Dunsmuir, California.

The Springfield Junction wye at MP 621.9 in Glenwood, Oregon is the point where the UP's Cascade Line and Siskiyou Line through Siskiyou Pass diverge. The lines do not rejoin again until Black Butte at MP 345.

Black Butte is the site of the Black Butte Center for Railroad Culture.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Black Butte". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
  2. ^ a b c d e Miller, C. Dan (1980). "Potential Hazards from Future Eruptions in the Vicinity of Mount Shasta Volcano, Northern California". USGS Bulletin 1503. United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on May 3, 2007. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  3. ^ "Shasta". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
  4. ^ Selters, Andy; Michael Zanger (2006). Mt. Shasta Book: Guide to Hiking, Climbing, Skiing & Exploring the Mountain & Surrounding Area (3rd ed.). Wilderness Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-89997-404-0.
  5. ^ "Black Butte". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  6. ^ Wood, Charles A.; Jürgen Kienle, eds. (1990). Volcanoes of North America. Cambridge University Press. pp. 214–216. ISBN 0-521-43811-X.
  7. ^ "Black Butte (CA)". SummitPost.org. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
  8. ^ A mojave rattlesnake was has been observed guarding the summit of Black Butte.[6] "Shasta-Trinity National Forest: Black Butte Trail". USDA Forest Service.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g "Black Butte Then and Now: Part 1 (1901-1987)". Black Butte Center for Railroad Culture. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  10. ^ a b c "Black Butte Then and Now: Part 2 (1987-1999)". Black Butte Center for Railroad Culture. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
  11. ^ a b "Black Butte Then and Now: Part 3 (2000-2015)". Black Butte Center for Railroad Culture. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
  12. ^ "History - 800 Black Butte Road". Black Butte Center for Railroad Culture. Retrieved June 25, 2024.

Further reading

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