Bawm people

Bawm
Bawmzo
Bawm woman from the Chittagong Hill Tracts
Regions with significant populations
 Bangladesh13,193[1]
 India5,000 [citation needed]
 Myanmar2,500[2]
Languages
Bawm, Chittagonian, Bengali
Religion
Protestant Christianity
Related ethnic groups
Hmar · Chin · Kuki · Mizo

The Bom, Bawm or Bawmzo (Bengali: বম), are an ethnic community inhabiting the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. According to the 2022 Bangladeshi census the population of Bawms in Bangladesh is 13,193.[1] In 2004, around 10,000 Bawm inhabited India[citation needed]. 2,500 Bawms reside in Myanmar.[2] They speak the Sino-Tibetan Bawm language.

The Bawm are victims in the Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict, especially in the continuation of it. Bawms are targeted by the Bangla Desh army as well as by the Kuki-Chin National Front,[3]

History

The origin of Bawm is traced to the founding of a village called Tiphul in Chin State[4][unreliable source?]

Bawm people were among the earlier settlers in the Lushai Hills, along with Tlanglau, Khiang and Chawrai. These groups of people entered Lushai Hills through an area south of Lunglei, passing through Tlabung, and entered an area what would later become Chittagong Hills Tracts of Bangladesh. The period of this migration and a possible brief halt in Lushai Hills is to be roughly between A.D. 900–1500. Though the reason of migration from the Chin Hills to Bangladesh is unknown, the Bawm and other groups of people could have left Myanmar due to pressure from stronger tribal forces.[4]

Geographical distribution

According to the 2022 Bangladeshi census, there are 13,193 Bom in Bangladesh.[1] Among them, 11,854 (89.85%) Boms live in Bandarban District, constituting 2.46% of district's population. They also live in Belaichhari Upazila of Rangamati District and surrounding areas.

Upazila Population Percentage who are Bom[5][6]
Ruma Upazila 6,470 19.89%
Rowangchhari Upazila 1,882 6.79%
Bandarban Sadar Upazila 2,748 2.47%
Thanchi Upazila 685 2.30%
Belaichhari Upazila 356 1.21%
Others <100 <1%

References

  1. ^ a b c "Table 1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  2. ^ a b Kim, Roy & Sangma. 2011. The Kuki-Chin Communities of Bangladesh: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL International.
  3. ^ According to the prayer list of AKREF, a working group of the German Evangelical Alliance, from May 16th, 2024 (archived).
  4. ^ a b "A Brief Historical Account of the Bawm (Bwmzo)" (PDF).
  5. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022 - District Report: Bandarban (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. June 2024. pp. xiv, 202–206. ISBN 978-984-475-276-4.
  6. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022 - District Report: Rangamati (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. June 2024. pp. xiv, 235–239. ISBN 978-984-475-257-3.

Loncheu, Nathan (2013). Dena, Lal (ed.). Bawmzos: A Study Of The Chin-Kuki-Zo Tribes Of Chittagong. Akansha Publishing House. ISBN 9788183703468. Retrieved 17 March 2013.

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