Barium peroxide

Barium peroxide

  Barium cations Ba2+
  Peroxide anions O2−2
Names
IUPAC name
barium peroxide
Other names
Barium binoxide,
Barium dioxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.754 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-128-4
RTECS number
  • CR0175000
UNII
UN number 1449
  • InChI=1S/Ba.O2/c;1-2/q+2;-2 checkY
    Key: ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/Ba.O2/c;1-2/q+2;-2
    Key: ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • [Ba+2].[O-][O-]
Properties
BaO2
Molar mass 169.33 g/mol (anhydrous)
313.45 g/mol (octahydrate)
Appearance Grey-white crystalline solid (anhydrous)
Colorless solid (octahydrate)
Odor Odorless
Density 5.68 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.292 g/cm3 (octahydrate)
Melting point 450 °C (842 °F; 723 K)
Boiling point 800 °C (1,470 °F; 1,070 K) (decomposes to BaO & O2.[1])
0.091 g/(100 mL) (20 °C) (anhydrous)
0.168 g/cm3 (octahydrate)
Solubility dissolves with decomposition in acid
−40.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Tetragonal[2]
D174h, I4/mmm, tI6
6
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H272, H302, H332
P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P330, P370+P378, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
3
0
2
OX
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Barium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula BaO2. This white solid (gray when impure) is one of the most common inorganic peroxides, and it was the first peroxide compound discovered. Being an oxidizer and giving a vivid green colour upon ignition (as do all barium compounds), it finds some use in fireworks; historically, it was also used as a precursor for hydrogen peroxide.[3]

Structure

Barium peroxide consists of barium cations Ba2+ and peroxide anions O2−2. The solid is isomorphous to calcium carbide, CaC2.

Preparation and use

Barium peroxide arises by the reversible reaction of O2 with barium oxide. The peroxide forms around 500 °C and oxygen is released above 820 °C.[1]

2 BaO + O2 ⇌ 2 BaO2

This reaction is the basis for the now-obsolete Brin process for separating oxygen from the atmosphere. Other oxides, e.g. Na2O and SrO, behave similarly.[4]

In another obsolete application, barium peroxide was once used to produce hydrogen peroxide via its reaction with sulfuric acid:[3]

BaO2 + H2SO4 → H2O2 + BaSO4

The insoluble barium sulfate is filtered from the mixture.

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Accommodation of Excess Oxygen in Group II Monoxides - S.C. Middleburgh, R.W. Grimes and K.P.D. Lagerlof Journal of the American Ceramic Society 2013, Volume 96, pages 308–311. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05452.x
  2. ^ Massalimov, I. A.; Kireeva, M. S.; Sangalov, Yu. A. (2002). "Structure and Properties of Mechanically Activated Barium Peroxide". Inorganic Materials. 38 (4): 363–366. doi:10.1023/A:1015105922260.
  3. ^ a b Harald Jakob; Stefan Leininger; Thomas Lehmann; Sylvia Jacobi; Sven Gutewort. "Peroxo Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  4. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

See also

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