Portrait of Pete Moos, Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe, c1913 by photographer Ross A. Daniels. The photo shows the two gashkibidaaganag (bandolier bags) and the spot-stitch appliqué featuring complex layered and assembled motifs that are associated with the Mille Lacs Band.
A bandolier bag is a Native American shoulder pouch, often beaded. Early examples were made from pelts, twined fabrics, or hide, but beginning in the fur trade era, Native American women stitched bags of imported wool broadcloth, lined with cotton calico and often edged with silk ribbons.
Name
The bags are named for bandoliers or the cloths carrying gunpowder that soldiers wore from the 16th to early 20th centuries. They are also called shot pouches or simply shoulder bags.
In Ojibwemowin, or the Ojibwe language, bandolier bags are called gashkibidaagan. The Ojibwe name comes from the word parts, gashk-, meaning "enclosed, attached together" and -bid, "tie it."[citation needed]
The English word bandolier comes from the French word bandouliere meaning "shoulder belt" and traces back to the Spanish bandoera the diminutive of banda or "sash."[citation needed]
Use
A bandolier bag may be worn either across the shoulder to the side or in front like an apron.[1][2] Men wore them and placed valuables such as tobacco, pipes, medicine, or flint for starting fires.
Loom-beaded bandolier bag attributed to Winnebago people, c. 1880s, collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Ojibwa bandolier bag detail, c. 1900, in the collection of The Children's Museum of Indianapolis
References
^Giese, Paula (1997). "Bandolier Exhibit Menu". Native American Indian: Art, Culture, Education, History, Science. Archived from the original on 2011-01-19. Retrieved 2017-04-20.
^Anderson, Marcia (2017). A Bag Worth a Pony: The Art of the Ojibwe Bandolier Bag. St. Paul, Minnesota: Minnesota Historical Society Press. pp. 11–12. ISBN978-1-68134-029-6.
