Following the successful siege of the Saxon city of Exeter, William the Conqueror appointed Baldwin castellan of the newly built royal castle there, Rougemont Castle. He also appointed him hereditary Sheriff of Devon, a position he held until his death. Exeter Castle was thenceforth the official seat of the Sheriff of Devon. King William I also granted him the very large feudal barony of Okehampton in Devon, at the caput of which he built Okehampton Castle.
English landholdings
Baldwin's fiefdom in Devon was the largest in that county,[3] listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as comprising 176 holdings, mostly manors or estates, except the first two listed holdings which consisted of groups of houses in Exeter and Barnstaple.[4] He is listed in the Domesday Book as "Baldvinus Vicecomes", literally translated as "Baldwin the Viscount", a Norman title signifying that he had an administrative responsibility over the county of Devon, which office had become almost synonymous with the Sheriff of Devon, an Anglo-Saxon office. For this reason Baldwin is commonly known as "Baldwin the Sheriff".[5] These landholdings comprised the feudal barony of Okehampton, later held by the Courtenay family, later also feudal barons of Plympton and Earls of Devon.
Marriage and children
His first wife was named Albreda, whom Orderic Vitalis refers to as a daughter of the aunt of William the Conqueror, presumably niece of his mother Herleva. In the Domesday Book, his wife appears as Emma FitzOsbern.[6]
Robert FitzBaldwin, Baldwin's heir in Normandy
William FitzBaldwin, inherited Baldwin's English lands
Richard FitzBaldwin
Adeliza FitzBaldwin, heiress to her three brothers, died childless
(? Matilda) FitzBaldwin, wife, successively, of William fitzWimund and Ranulf Avenel. William fitzWimund is listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as holding land at Dolton, Devon in North Tawton Hundred, from his father-in-law Baldwin.[6]
Baldwin also had an illegitimate child, Wiger, a monk at Bec.[6]
Death and succession
Baldwin was living in 1086. He had died by 1091 according to Orderic.[7] Following the deaths of his three sons without heirs, his daughter Adeliza was his ultimate sole heiress.
Notes
^Sanders, I.J. English Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086–1327, Oxford, 1960, p.69
^William Rufus (1983), p. 162, confirming his father and brother
^Thorn, Caroline & Frank (eds.). Domesday Book (Morris, John, gen. ed.), Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, part 1, chapter 16: 1–176
^The heading at the start of the listing of his Devon lands is Terra(e) Baldvini Vicecomitis ("lands of Baldwin the Viscount" (genitive case))
^ abcKeats-Rohan, K. S. B. (1999). Domesday People: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents, 1066–1166: Domesday Book. Ipswich, UK: Boydell Press. p. 162. ISBN9780851157221.
^Ormerod, George. (1861) "Descent of the Anglo-Norman Lords of Strugil", Strigulensia: Archæological Memoirs Relating to the District Adjacent to the Confluence of the Severne and the Wye, pp. 62–63, citing Ordericus
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