Tolentino helped write the Civil Code of the Philippines from 1948 to 1949 and authored the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act of 1960.[1]
Early career
Tolentino wrestling
Arturo Modesto Tolentino was born in Manila. At UP Manila, he obtained an Associate in Arts as well as the Bachelor of Philosophy. He won a gold medal award as valedictorian at UP in 1938, and was valedictorian of the University of the Philippines (UP) College of Law (1934). He later continued his studies and received the degrees of Master of Law and Doctor of Civil Law from the University of Santo Tomás.[citation needed] He was also a short story writer for the Philippines Free Press, and was a wrestler and bodybuilder.[2]
As a debater and orator, he won seven gold medals (including the Quezon Medal) and two silver cups. He won the title of “Inter-Collegiate Oratorical Champion of the Philippines” in 1934. He successfully debated with American students from the University of Oregon in 1933 and from the University of Washington in 1934. In 1934, Tolentino also was the consort to the Miss Manila winner at the Manila Carnival. In UP, he was editor-in-chief of the Philippine Collegian and a fellow of the Upsilon Sigma Phi.[3] Tolentino began practicing law after passing the bar in 1934.
Early Political Career
House of Representatives (1949–1957)
Tolentino was already a noted scholar and trial lawyer when he was selected in 1948 by President Manuel Roxas to be the youngest member of the Code Committee that would draft the first and only Civil Code of the Philippines, which was completed in late 1949 and took effect in 1950.
Tolentino was first elected as representative for Manila's 3rd district in 1949; he was the first representative of the district following its establishment that year through the revised Manila city charter. He was re-elected in 1953. Shortly after his re-election, Tolentino was given the position of majority floor leader, which he held until his entry to the Senate four years later and one which, though less glamorous than that of speaker, he preferred and enjoyed.[4]
Senate (1957–1972)
Tolentino was elected in the Senate in the 1957 election. He was re-elected in 1963 and in 1969. In 1966, shortly after Ferdinand Marcos was elected president, Tolentino was elected Senate president. A year later, however, he was ousted from his position.
Vice-presidential candidate (1986)
Tolentino was chosen by Marcos as his vice-presidential running mate for the 1986 snap election. They were against the united opposition of Corazon Aquino and Salvador Laurel. According to the National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) final tally, Aquino and Laurel were consistently in the lead. The final tally showed Laurel winning by over 800,000 votes—roughly the same margin by which it showed Aquino defeating Marcos. However, according to the official COMELEC tally, Tolentino won over Laurel with a margin of approximately one million votes. He was ceremonially sworn in as Vice President of the Philippines on February 16, 1986, but functionally never took office.[5] The disputed outcome would eventually lead to the People Power Revolution which ousted Marcos and installed Aquino as a revolutionary president. In 2013, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines in its Resolution No. 2, series of 2013, officially stated that Tolentino was not elected as vice-president, consequently excluding him from the official roster of vice-presidents of the Philippines.[6]
After the People Power Revolution, Tolentino launched a failed coup attempt on July 6, 1986. He claimed that, since Marcos was in exile, he was constitutionally the acting president of the Philippines. Marcos allies and about 100 soldiers marched to the luxurious Manila Hotel, occupied it, and established a government. He expected massive support, but only several thousand of Marcos loyalists supported his cause, which dwindled to several hundred. On July 8, he agreed to surrender.
In 1992, Tolentino successfully ran for the Senate, placing 18th as part of the Nationalist People's Coalition. However, his bid for re-election in 1995 was not successful, and he retired from politics. During this time he still took part in notable landmark cases including Tolentino v. Sec. of Finance.[7][citation needed]
Death and legacy
Statue of Tolentino and the sports center named in his honor in Sampaloc, Manila.
Tolentino was once the foremost expert in civil law and persons throughout the 1960s to 1980s. The civil law volumes mainly used in the UP College of Law and other law universities are still the Commentaries and Jurisprudence on the Civil Code of the Philippines volumes by Tolentino, a series of volumes published beginning circa 1960.
Sampaloc, Manila has a sports center named after the late senator and has a public monument of Tolentino along Instruccion Street.
Personal life
Tolentino's first wife died during World War II. He then married Pilar Adorable, but had their marriage annulled due to differences in parenting.[citation needed] He later married Constancia Conde.[8]Miriam Defensor Santiago considered Tolentino her mentor in the legal field and the Senate.[9]
^"Congressman and Senator". Arturo M. Tolentino (September 19, 1910 - August 2, 2004). Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2010.
‡ — Under the transitory provisions of the Philippine constitution, 24 senators were elected in this election. The first 12 senators who garnered the highest votes would have a 6 six year term while the next 12 senators would have a 3 year term.
