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Anne of Bohemia and Austria
Anne of Bohemia and Austria
	Anne of Austria by Anton Boys
Born	12 April 1432; Vienna
Died	13 November 1462 (aged 30); Eckartsberga
Spouse	William III, Duke of Luxemburg
Issue	Margaret of Thuringia
House	House of Habsburg
Father	Albert II of Germany
Mother	Elisabeth of Luxembourg

Anne of Bohemia and Austria (12 April 1432 – 13 November 1462) was a Duchess of Luxembourg in her own right and, as a consort, Landgravine of Thuringia and of Saxony.

Life

Anne was the eldest daughter of Albert of Austria, the future Emperor-Elect and Elisabeth of Luxembourg, Queen of Bohemia,^[1] the sole descendant of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor. Her underage brother Ladislaus, Duke of Austria (1440–57) succeeded, as king of Bohemia and later also as king of Hungary. Anne also had a younger sister, Elisabeth, who later became Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania.

On 2 June 1446, at the age of 14, Anne was married to William "the Brave" of Saxony (1425–82), Landgrave of Thuringia,^[1] a younger son of Frederick I "the Warlike" of Saxony. In right of Anne, William became Duke of Luxembourg from 1457 when Anne's brother Ladislaus died childless. Though, their rights to the land were disputed by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, and in 1469, William concluded that the possession's keeping was untenable against Burgundian attacks, and retreated to his Thuringian lands – that however took place when Anne was already dead.

Wilhelm rejected Anna after the death of her brother, since she was no longer useful to him in the power struggles.^[2] He instead turned to his lover Katharina von Brandenstein. Anna was kept until her death in the castle Eckartsburg. She once tried to go back to her husband, but he is said to have "welcomed" her by throwing a shoe in her face and to have immediately sent her back.^[3] Anna died at the age of 30 and was buried in the monastery Reinhardsbrunn. Wilhelm married Katharina shortly after.

Marriage and issue

Anna and Wilhelm had two surviving daughters:

Margaret of Thuringia (1449 – 13 July 1501), who married John II, Elector of Brandenburg, and whose direct main heirs have been Electors of Brandenburg, then Kings of Prussia, and then German Emperors.
Katharina of Thuringia (1453 – 10 July 1534), who married Duke Henry II of Münsterberg and who has surviving descendants, mainly among Bohemian high nobility.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia

8. Albert III, Duke of Austria^[6]

4. Albert IV, Duke of Austria^[4]

9. Beatrice of Nuremberg^[6]

2. Albert II of Germany

10. Albert I, Duke of Bavaria^[7]

5. Joanna Sophia of Bavaria^[4]

11. Margaret of Brieg^[7]

1. Anne of Austria

12. Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor^[8]

6. Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor^[5]

13. Elizabeth of Pomerania^[8]

3. Elisabeth of Bohemia

14. Hermann II, Count of Cilli^[9]

7. Barbara of Cilli^[5]

15. Anna of Schaunberg^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b Wilson 2016, tree 6: Habsburgs(part I).
^ Christopher H. Johnson, David Warren Sabean (1 March 2011), "The "Schwesterfraw" as Agent between Brother and Husband", Sibling Relations and the Transformations of European Kinship, 1300-1900, Berghahn Books, pp. 77, 78, ISBN 978-0-85745-046-3
^ Joseph Chmel, Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Lanz: Monumenta habsburgica: Sammlung von actenstücken und briefen zur ..., Volume 1, S. 80
^ ^a ^b Quirin, Heinz (1953), "Albrecht II.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 154–155; (full text online)
^ ^a ^b Krones, Franz von (1877), "Elisabeth (deutsche Königin)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 6, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 9–22
^ ^a ^b Krones, Franz von (1875), "Albrecht IV. (Herzog von Österreich)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 283–285
^ ^a ^b de Sousa, Antonio Caetano (1735). Historia genealogica da casa real portugueza (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Lisboa Occidental. p. 147.
^ ^a ^b Lindner, Theodor (1892), "Sigmund (Kaiser)", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 34, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 267–282
^ ^a ^b Quirin, Heinz (1953), "Barbara von Cilly", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 581; (full text online)