Amiternum

Amiternum
Amiternum is located in Abruzzo
Amiternum
Shown within Abruzzo
LocationL'Aquila, Province of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
RegionAbruzzo
TypeSettlement
History
PeriodsRoman Republic - Byzantine Empire
CulturesAncient Rome
Site notes
ManagementSoprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell'Abruzzo
WebsiteArea Archeologica Amiternum (in Italian)

Amiternum was an ancient Sabine city, then Roman city and later bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see in the central Abruzzo region of modern Italy, located 9 km (5.6 mi) from L'Aquila. Amiternum was the birthplace of the historian Sallust (86 BC).[1]

History

The site, in the upper Aterno valley, was one of the most important of Sabinum.[1]

Amiternum was defeated by the Romans in 293 BC.

It lay at the point of junction of four roads: the Via Caecilia, the Via Claudia Nova and two branches of the Via Salaria.[2]

There are considerable remains of an amphitheatre and a theatre, all of which belong to the imperial period, while on the hill of the surrounding village of San Vittorino there are some Christian catacombs.[2][1]

A well known Roman funerary relief of the first century BC depicts the Roman funeral procession or pompa.[3]

  • Amphitheatre of Amiternum
    Amphitheatre of Amiternum
  • Amiternum Theatre
    Amiternum Theatre

Ecclesiastical history

The modern name of the locality, San Vittorino, recalls the martyr Victorinus, who is looked on as the first bishop of Amiternum, allegedly of the time of the persecution by Roman Emperor Nerva (AD 30-98), although other sources put the bishopric's foundation in ca. AD 300. Around AD 400 it gained territory from the suppressed Diocese of Pitinum.

Other bishops of Amiternum include Quodvultdeus, who encouraged the religious veneration of Victorinus by constructing his tomb, Castorius, who is mentioned by Pope Gregory I, Saint Cetteus, martyred by the Lombards in 597, and Leontius, a brother of Pope Stephen II. The last known bishop is Ludovicus, who took part in a synod held in Rome in 1069.

Circa AD 1060, the bishopric was suppressed and its territory merged into the Rieti. In the mid-13th century the population was transferred to the newly founded town of L'Aquila, which was erected as a diocese by Pope Alexander IV on 20 February 1257, and incorporated the territory of the diocese of Amiternum.[4][5][6]

Titular see

No longer a residential bishopric, the name Amiternum has been used by the Catholic Church since 1966 as a [7] Latin titular bishopric.

It has had the following incumbents:

References

  1. ^ a b c S. P. Oakley (13 October 2005). A Commentary on Livy, Books VI-X : Volume IV: Book X: Volume IV:. Oxford University Press, UK. pp. 414–. ISBN 978-0-19-156924-1.
  2. ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
  3. ^ Fred Kleiner (8 January 2009). Gardner’s Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective. Cengage Learning. pp. 195–. ISBN 0-495-57360-4.
  4. ^ Giuseppe Cappelletti, Le chiese d'Italia dalla loro origine sino ai nostri giorni, Volume XXI, Venezia, 1870, pp. 417–418
  5. ^ Francesco Lanzoni, Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604), vol. I, Faenza 1927, pp. 359–363
  6. ^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 851
  7. ^ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 831

Further reading

  • Buess, Manuel (2023). Amiternum 1. Untersuchungen zur Siedlungs- und Wirtschaftsstruktur im zentralen Abruzzenraum in römischer Zeit. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag. ISBN 9783954903207.
  • Segenni, Simonetta (1985). Amiternum e il suo territorio in età romana. Pisa: Giardini.

Attribution:

42°24′02.00″N 13°18′21.60″E / 42.4005556°N 13.3060000°E / 42.4005556; 13.3060000

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