Ambarawa Railway Museum

Ambarawa Station Stasiun Ambarawa
Front view of Indonesian Railway Museum (2019)
General information
Location	Jl. Stasiun, Panjang, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency Central Java Indonesia
Coordinates	7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E
Elevation	+474.40 m (1,556.4 ft)
Owned by	Kereta Api Indonesia
Operated by	Kereta Api Indonesia
Line(s)	Kedungjati–Secang
Platforms	single island platform
Tracks	4
Construction
Structure type	Ground
Parking	Available
Accessible	Available
Other information
Station code	ABR • 3306[1]
Classification	Class II[1]
History
Opened	21 May 1873 (1873-05-21)[2]
Closed	8 April 1976 (1976-04-08)[3]
Previous names	Willem I Station
Location Ambarawa Station Location in Java

Indonesian Railway Museum, Ambarawa
Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa

Interactive map
Established	6 October 1976 (1976-10-06)[4]
Location	Jl. Stasiun, Panjang, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Coordinates	7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E
Type	Railway museum
Owner	Kereta Api Indonesia

The Ambarawa Railway Museum (Indonesian: Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa, officially named Indonesian Railway Museum by the Indonesian Railway Company) is a museum located in Ambarawa in Central Java, Indonesia. The museum preserves around 21 steam locomotives and focuses on tourism train tours hauled by 3 operational steam engines (both are rack locomotives and a 4-4-0 two-cylinder compound steam engine) and a hydraulic diesel engine, using the remains of the closing of the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) railway line.

Museum building and location

First view of Willem I station (now Ambarawa station) before being enlarged.

Ambarawa was a city that was used for military purposes during the Dutch colonial administration and not far from this station, there's Fort Willem I, known as Benteng Pendem by locals. This station was named Willem I because it was built in honor of the services of the King of the Netherlands William I. The colonial government of the Dutch East Indies under the command of Governor-General L. A. J. Baron Sloet van de Beele ordered the construction of a new railway station to facilitate the mobilization of Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL) troops from and to Semarang. On 21 May 1873, the Ambarawa railway station was built on a 127,500 m² land.^[2] It was finished at the same time as the Kedungjati–Bringin–Tuntang–Ambarawa line by Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS).^[3]

The station building consists of two main buildings for waiting room and the station master room.

The Willem I railway station was originally a transshipment point between the 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) gauge branch from Kedungjati to the northeast and the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge line onward towards Yogyakarta via Magelang to the south. It is still possible to see that the two sides of the station were built to accommodate different-sized trains.^[5]

On 8 April 1976,^[3] the Ambarawa railway station was officially converted into the Ambarawa Railway Museum by the governor of Central Java Province at that time Supardjo Rustam. The museum preserves the steam locomotives, which were then coming to the end of their useful lives when the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge railways of the Indonesian State Railway (the Perusahaan Negara Kereta Api, PNKA) was closed. These are parked in the open air next to the original station.^[5]

In 2010, the building of Ambarawa Railway Museum was made a heritage building.^[3][6]

Railway line

The 1067mm line that connects Magelang station and Willem I station, the station that is now a museum.

The construction line between Ambarawa–Samarang (or called Semarang today) was a package with Samarang NIS–Gundih–Solo Balapan–Lempuyangan line. In 1869, after Gundih, the NIS continued the line to Bringin and ended at Ambarawa. Finally, Samarang–Vorstenlanden (now Surakarta and Jogjakarta) and Kedungjati to Ambarawa lines were completed on 21 May 1873.^[7][8][9] After that, the NIS continued to build rack line to Secang with the line passing through the steep contours and difficult topography in the mountainous area. This line connected the Dutch East Indies military stronghold in Magelang city with Fort Willem I in Ambarawa, and it was finished on 1 February 1905.^[10] The 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge line towards Djocja Toegoe (Yogyakarta) (runs roughly south-west from Ambarawa) was of particular interest because it contained sections of rack railway between Jambu and Secang which have 6.5% gradient, the only such operation in Java. This line beyond Bedono closed in the early 1970s after it was damaged in an earthquake, but had already lost most of its passenger traffic to buses on the parallel road. The line from Kedungjati (runs east initially from Ambarawa) survived into the middle 1970s but saw very little traffic near the end, not least because it was far quicker to travel more directly by road to Semarang. The presence of the rack line meant that there was probably never much through traffic from Semarang to Yogyakarta.^[5]

Services

The museum is open daily from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. in a week. Currently, there are 3 kinds of heritage tourism trains running, the excursion trains run on Ambarawa–Jambu–Bedono (mountainous rack line) pulled by B25 02 or B25 03 and Ambarawa–Tuntang (flat line) pulled by B51 12. While, the vintage train pulled by hydraulic-diesel D301 24 also on Ambarawa-Tuntang line, could be rented. The excursion trains are rented and can be booked around 2–3 weeks before departure, with an exceptional vintage train runs regularly (pulled by hydraulic-diesel D301 24) with the ticket price listed. Admission to the museum is divided into 3 categories :

1. For kids (3-12 years old) and students : Rp 10.000,00 (US$0.67)

2. Adults (local) and scholars : Rp 20.000 (US$1.34)

3. Foreigners : Rp 30.000 (US$2.01)^[11]

Collection

The museum has a collection of 26 steam locomotives from several railway companies of the former Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) which were acquired by Djawatan Kereta Api (DKA) or Department of Railways of the Republic of Indonesia. Currently four locomotives are operational. Other collections of the museum include old telephones, Morse telegraph equipment, old bells and signals equipment, and some antique furniture.^[5][12]

Operational

Some of the operational steam locomotives are the two German-built, Esslingen B25 classes 0-4-2RT B25 02 and B25 03 (ex-NIS 232 and 233), which are from the original fleet of 5 supplied to the line more than 100 years ago (a third locomotive, the B25 01 (ex-NIS 231) is preserved as static display at a park in the town nearby). The 0-10-0RT E10 class, PNKA E10 60, which was originally locale to West Sumatra in the 1960s for coal transports, was brought to Java for repair and later returned again as excursion train at Sawahlunto, and a Mogul Hartmann 2-6-0T C1218 (ex-SS 457) which was restored to working order in 2006, but transferred to Solo to working as excursion train as the request of Surakarta city government, named Sepur Kluthuk Jaladara.^[5] The museum also have a small diesel switcher D300 class 0-8-0D D300 23, previously based at Cepu, an old UH-295 crane from Semarang, and the restored Hanomag 4-4-0 two-cylinder compound DKA B51 12 (ex-SS Class 612) worked for excursion train on Ambarawa–Tuntang line.^[3]

Class	Unit number	Image	Axles	Builder	Builder no.	Year built	Remarks
B25	02		0-4-2RT	Maschinenfabrik Esslingen	3243	1902
	03				3244
B51	12		4-4-0	Hanomag	3866	1902
D300	23		0-8-0DH	Krupp	3719	1958
D301	24				4171	1962

Static display

Reference^[13][14][15]
Disclaimer: Photos shown below may not represent the current condition or layout.

Class	Unit number	Image	Axles	Builder	Builder no.	Year built	Remarks
B20	14		0-4-0Tr	Beyer, Peacock and Company	4634	1905
B22	20		0-4-2T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	2568	1900
B27	11		0-4-2T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	3757	1914
B52	10		0-4-0	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	3484	1911
C11	40		2-6-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	1759	1891
C12	40		2-6-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	2736	1902
C15	07		0-6-0T	Werkspoor	17	1900
C16	03		0-6-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	2718	1901
C17	04		0-6-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	2773	1902
C18	01		0-6-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	3160	1908
C20	01		0-6-2T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	2792	1902
C24	07		2-6-2T	Werkspoor	216	1908
C27	28		4-6-4T	Werkspoor	472	1920
C28	21		4-6-4T	Henschel & Son	18175	1921
C51	01		4-6-0	Beyer, Peacock and Company	5593	1912
C54	17		4-6-0	Beyer, Peacock and Company	6122	1922
D10	07		0-8-0T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	3804	1914
D51	06		2-8-2	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	4135	1920
F10	02		2-12-2T	Hanomag	6814	1913
BB10	12		0-4-4-2T	Sächsische Maschinenfabrik	3902	1906
CC50	29		2-6-6-0	Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works	3253	1928
BB200	08		A1A-A1A	EMD	22434	1957	Stored at Tuntang station.[16]
CC200	15		Co-2-Co	GE–ALCO	31918	1953
DD55	12		B-B	Fuji Heavy Industries	n/a	1974	Stored at Tuntang station.[16]

Gallery

• 
  B25 02 (ex-NIS Class 232), one of the three locomotives that are still active.
• 
  CC5029 (ex-SS1629), one of the 2-6-6-0 "Denver" type mallet locomotive which preserved as static display, during colonial time it also known as Bergkoningin (Queen of the Mountains), because it was used in the mountainous line in West Java. Later it was known as Si Gombar (The Monster} due to its huge size.
• 
  Krupp Diesel hydraulic D301 24 was shunting at Ambarawa station
• 
  A General Electric diesel electric CC 200 15 as the first generation of diesel–electric engine preserved by Indonesian Railway Preservation Society (IRPS) at Ambarawa.
• 
  Tourist train with Locomotive D301
• 
  Former Halte Kalisamin building at Ambarawa

See also

• List of museums and cultural institutions in Indonesia
• Bondowoso Rail and Train Museum

References

1. Buku Informasi Direktorat Jenderal Perkeretaapian 2014 (PDF) (in Indonesian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2020.
2. Rob Dickinson (2010). "About the Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
3. "142 Tahun Stasiun Ambarawa – Wisata Sejarah Kereta Api Indonesia". heritage.kereta-api.co.id, PT Kereta Api Indonesia (in Indonesian). Kompas. 23 May 2015. p. 12.
4. "Museum Kereta Api Ambarawa" (in Indonesian). museumindonesia.com. 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
5. Rob Dickinson (2010). "The Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
6. Under Peraturan Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Nomor PM.57/PW.007/MKP/2010
7. Schetskaart van de spoorweg Samarang-Vorstenlanden door de Raad van Beheer der Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg-Maatschappij aan de Heeren leden van de Staten-Generaal aangeboden. 1869.
8. Banck, J.E. (1869). Geschiedenis van het Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij. M.J. Fisser.
9. Perquin, B.L.M.C. (1921). Nederlandsch Indische staatsspooren tramwegen. Bureau Industria.
10. Archiv Für Eisenbahnwesen. Vol. 58. 1935.
11. Heritage, KAI. "Indonesian Railway Museum (Ambarawa)" (in English and Indonesian).
12. Wisata, KAI. "Museum Ambarawa" (in Indonesian).
13. Dickinson, Rob. "Locomotives of the Ambarawa Railway Museum". internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
14. Krishnamurti, Indra (6 December 2004). "Steam Locomotive Roster, Page 1". Keretapi.
15. Krishnamurti, Indra (6 December 2004). "Diesel Locomotive Roster". Keretapi.
16. "PERAWATAN LOKOMOTIF DIESEL KUNO". antarafoto.com. 4 October 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

Literature

• Lenzi, Iola (2004). Museums of Southeast Asia. Singapore: Archipelago Press. p. 200. ISBN 981-4068-96-9.

External links

• Travel in Indonesia
• International Steam | Ambarawa Railway Museum
• YouTube| Ambarawa Railway Museum

7°15′56″S 110°24′05″E

Preceding station		Kereta Api Indonesia		Following station
Tuntang towards Kedungjati		Kedungjati–Secang		Jambu towards Secang