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Adelaide Mansions
Adelaide Mansions
	The building from the south
Location	1–4 Kingsway, Hove, Brighton and Hove BN3 2FD, United Kingdom
Coordinates	50°49′28″N 0°09′57″W / 50.8244°N 0.1658°W
Built	1873
Architect	Thomas Lainson
Architectural style(s)	Classical/Italianate
Listed Building – Grade II
Official name	Adelaide Mansions, 1–4 Kingsway
Designated	2 November 1992
Reference no.	1205849
	Location within Brighton and Hove

Adelaide Mansions is a residential building on the seafront in Hove, part of the city of Brighton and Hove in East Sussex, England. The "handsome block", decorated with ornate details, was erected in 1873 to the design of local architect Thomas Lainson. English Heritage has listed the building at Grade II for its architectural and historical importance.

Location

Adelaide Mansions is located at the junction of St John's Road and Kingsway in Hove. Kingsway is the seafront road in this part of Hove; renamed several times, it took its present name in February 1910 to commemorate King Edward VII (1841-1910).^[1] St John's Road leads northwards from the seafront to Palmeira Square and St John the Baptist's Church, from which it took its name in 1907 (previously it was called Palmeira Mews Road).^[2] Adelaide Crescent, an architectural set-piece dating from the mid-19th century, lies to the east; both the crescent and the mansions were named after Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (1792–1849); landowner and developer Isaac Lyon Goldsmid (1778–1859) asked King William IV (1765–1837) for permission to use his queen's name.^[3]

History

Prolific Brighton-based architect Thomas Lainson (1825–1898) designed the block in 1873^[4] on land that was part of the Wick estate—a large area of agricultural land between the growing town of Brighton and the village of Hove. This land was owned by Isaac Lyon Goldsmid by the 1830s, and he set about developing it with high-class housing. His Adelaide Crescent scheme, intended to be a rival to Brighton's Kemp Town development, was built between the 1830s and 1860s. Financial problems and the spectacular destruction of the crescent's principal feature, the Anthaeum indoor garden and conservatory, delayed the scheme's progress.^[3] By 1873, there was still open land to the west fronting Kingsway, and it was on this site adjoining the southwest corner of the crescent that the mansions were built.^[5] The builder was Jabez Reynolds senior who built about 1,000 houses in Brighton and Hove including other landmark and listed buildings such as Palmeira Mansions, Medina Terrace and the workhouse on Elm Grove, now Brighton General Hospital.

Until 1918, the building was in residential use.^[6] In that year numbers 3 and 4 were turned into the Lawns Hotel, a luxury hotel "noted for its quiet comfort and excellent cuisine".^[6] Rates were four guineas per week at first.^[6] By the 1970s its character had changed from a conventional hotel to more of a long-stay residence: there were 47 bedrooms, over half of which were occupied by (mostly elderly) residents.^[6] Its fortunes declined in the 1980s: the building suffered £100,000 of damage in the Great Storm of 1987, and months later a faulty heating system caused fumes to escape and led to the closure of part of the hotel.^[6] In 1990 the Zipadeedoodah Bar and First Avenue Restaurant were established on the ground floor, but by 2001 all had closed down and numbers 3 and 4 were converted back into flats.^[6]

Adelaide Mansions was listed at Grade II by English Heritage on 2 November 1992.^[4] This status is awarded to "nationally important" buildings of "special interest".^[7] As of February 2001, it was one of 1,124 Grade II-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove.^[8]

Notable residents

Hilton Philipson (1892-1941), National Liberal Party Member of Parliament for Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1922, lived at 1 Adelaide Mansions in 1903.^[9]
Vere Fane Benett-Stanford, Conservative Member of Parliament for Shaftesbury from 1873 to 1880.^[10]
Woolf Barnato (1895-1948), financier and racing driver.^[11]

Architecture

It has a terrace of four-storey, three-bay houses with Classical touches such as Doric-columned porches.^[4] There are ground-floor sash windows and iron balconies, and a parapet with a balustrade runs along the top of the building.^[4]

References

Notes

^ Middleton 2002, Vol. 8, pp. 42–43.
^ Middleton 2002, Vol. 12, p. 91.
^ ^a ^b Middleton 2002, Vol. 1, p. 10.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Historic England. "Adelaide Mansions 1–4, Kingsway, BN3 2FD, Brighton (Grade II) (1205849)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
^ Middleton 2002, Vol. 8, p. 46.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Middleton 2002, Vol. 8, pp. 77–78.
^ "Listed Buildings". English Heritage. 2012. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
^ "Images of England — Statistics by County (East Sussex)". Images of England. English Heritage. 2007. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
^ Royal Blue Book: Fashionable Directory and Parliamentary Guide, 1903, p. 1239 [1]
^ J.R.Somers Vine, The County companion,diary,statistical chronicle, and magisterial and official directory for 1884, p. 293 [2]
^ Charterhouse Register, 1872-1910, Chiswick Press, 1911, Volume 2, p. 837 [3]