Ledyard Smith was born on October 18, 1901, in Milwaukee, and died of a heart attack on December 5, 1985, in Needham, Massachusetts.[4] His brother Robert Eliot Smith was also a Maya archaeologist.[5]
Ledyard Smith went to school in Lausanne in Switzerland and later went to St. Paul's School in New England. He graduated from Harvard University in 1925. In 1927 he became involved in Maya archaeology and became a member of staff of the Carnegie Institution's Division of Archaeology.[6] He took part in field research in the Maya region in the 1920s and 1930s at Uaxactun in the Petén Department of Guatemala. After excavating at Uaxactun he turned his attention to the Guatemalan Highlands. In 1950 he started work with the Carnegie archaeologists excavating at Mayapan in the Mexican state of Yucatán.[5]